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    Redness Variation in the Eurasian Scops-Owl Otus scops is Due to Pheomelanin But is Not Associated with Variation in the Melanocortin-1 Receptor Gene (MC1R)

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    [EN]: Melanin-based colorations in birds constitute a paradigm for the study of the molecular basis of phenotypic variation. Variation in the melanocortin-1 receptor (MCR1) gene, a key regulator of melanin synthesis in feather melanocytes, can lead to changes in the production of melanin and hence in feather colour. Here we investigate the proximate mechanisms behind colour plumage polymorphism in the Eurasian Scops-owl Otus scops, a species showing pronounced variation in the degree of redness. Although eumelanin pigment was three times more abundant than pheomelanin pigments, the degree of plumage redness was more strongly associated with the amount of pheomelanin than eumelanin pigments. We detected only one synonymous substitution and one non-synonymous substitution in MC1R which were, however, not associated with variation in plumage coloration. Redness variation in Eurasian Scops-Owls is primarily due to variation in pheomelanin, and to genes or regulatory elements other than MCR1.[ES]: Las coloraciones basadas en melanina en las aves constituyen un paradigma para el estudio de las bases moleculares de la variaci贸n fenot铆pica. La variaci贸n en el gen del receptor de melanocortina-1 (MCR1), un regulador clave de la s铆ntesis de melanina en los melanocitos de las plumas, puede provocar cambios en la producci贸n de melanina y, por lo tanto, en el color de las plumas. Aqu铆 investigamos los mecanismos pr贸ximos detr谩s del polimorfismo del plumaje de color en los autillos europeos Otus scops, una especie que muestra una marcada variaci贸n en el grado de rojismo. Aunque la cantidad de eumelanina era tres veces m谩s abundante que la de feomelanina, el grado de rojismo del plumaje se asoci贸 m谩s fuertemente con la cantidad de feomelanina que con la eumelanina. S贸lo detectamos una sustituci贸n sin贸nima y una sustituci贸n no sin贸nima en el MC1R que, sin embargo, no se asociaron con la variaci贸n en la coloraci贸n del plumaje. La variaci贸n de rojismo en el autillo europeo se debe principalmente a la variaci贸n en el contenido de feomelanina, y a genes o elementos reguladores de estos distintos del MCR1.This work was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, projects CgL2008-00718, CgL2011-27561, CgL2014-56769-p and CgL2017-83503-p to JMA and Dp. Dp was supported by the regional government of Extremadura (TA13002) and AC by a phD grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science (BES-2015-074948) during the redaction of this manuscript
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