Protein carbonylation associated to high-fat, high-sucrose diet and its metabolic effects

11 páginas, 4 tablas, 7 figurasThe present research draws a map of the characteristic carbonylation of proteins in rats fed high-caloric diets with the aim of providing a new insight of the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases derived from the high consumption of fat and refined carbohydrates. Protein carbonylation was analyzed in plasma, liver and skeletal muscle of Sprague–Dawley rats fed a high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet by a proteomics approach based on carbonyl-specific fluorescence-labeling, gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Oxidized proteins along with specific sites of oxidative damage were identified and discussed to illustrate the consequences of protein oxidation. The results indicated that long-term HFHS consumption increased protein oxidation in plasma and liver; meanwhile, protein carbonyls from skeletal muscle did not change. The increment of carbonylation by HFHS diet was singularly selective on specific target proteins: albumin from plasma and liver, and hepatic proteins such as mitochondrial carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (ammonia), mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase, argininosuccinate synthetase, regucalcin, mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthase subunit beta, actin cytoplasmic 1 and mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase 1. The possible consequences that these specific protein carbonylations have on the excessive weight gain, insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease resulting from HFHS diet consumption are discussed.This investigation has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grants AGL2009-12374-C03-01, -02 and -03, IPT-2011-0828-90000, AGL2013-49079-C2-1,2-R). The Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation is gratefully acknowledged for the doctoral fellowship to L.M. Xunta de Galicia and the European Social Fund are also thankfully recognized for the financial support of the postdoctoral “Isidro Parga Pondal” contract to M.P. EMT gratefully thanks the Panamanian government for a SENACYT / IFARHU predoctoral fellowship. L.M. also thanks the USC (Spain) for its doctoral program.Peer reviewe