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Injectable and self-curing composites of acrylic/bioactive glass and drug systems. A histomorphometric analysis of the behaviour in rabbits
Injectable self-curing systems based on PMMA, phosphate-free bioactive glasses and the drug fosfosal, a phosphate derivative of
salicylic acid with analgesic and moderate anti-inflammatory properties, have been tested in vivo to evaluate their biocompatibility. The
model consisted of the injection of dough of cement into a defect created in the femur of rabbits, and the cure of the cement in situ after
implantation. The biological response was studied in the short and long terms by macroscopic, radiological and histopathological
examination, and quantitatively by histomorphometric and statistical analysis considering the most representative variables at the
bone–cement interface: cement, bone marrow, newly formed bone and connective tissue. All bioactive formulations presented resorption
of the cement at the end of the experiment in contrast to the control of PMMA, due to the presence of resorbable components. The
presence or absence of the phosphate group added by the drug fosfosal influenced mainly on the new bone formation process. The
cement formulated with bioactive glasses and in absence of fosfosal produced the maximum amount of neoformed bone at 2 weeks, and
then it resorbed at 4 weeks to give a higher amount of neoformed bone at the end of the experiment, compared with the formulation
containing only fosfosal. The presence of fosfosal and bioactive glass together affected the ossification process strongly. The osseous
tissue was produced more gradually but it continuously increased giving rise to a more stable bone at the end of the experimentAuthors are grateful to the Comisio´n Interministerial de
Ciencia y Tecnología, CICYT, (MAT2004-01654) and the
NoE EXPERTISSUES (UE Contract no. 500283-2) for
financial supportPeer reviewe