The chronology of the introduction of two species of Martes (Carnivora, Mustelidae) on the Western Mediterranean Islands: first direct radiocarbon evidence

© 2015, Springer International Publishing Switzerland. We provide the first direct radiocarbon evidence of the introduction of two species of the genus Martes on two Western Mediterranean islands. The dated bones point to a Roman introduction of the Pine Marten (Martes martes) to Mallorca. The introduction of the Stone Marten (Martes foina) into Eivissa has been previous to eigth century AD. These results predate the currently assumed time of arrival of both species to these islands in several centuries, and establish a benchmark of reference to explore its possible ecological consequences.This research is included in the Research Project ‘‘Cambios holocénicos en la biodiversidad animal de las islas de la Macaronesia y de Baleares’’/(CGL2012-38087) of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. One of the authors (AV) is supported by a JAE-Predoc scholarshipPeer Reviewe