Pengaruh Alkalisasi Komposit Serat Kelapa-Poliester Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of alkalization on the tensile strength and strain of coconut fiber composites with polyester matrix by varying the concentration of NaOH as follow 0%, 2%, 5% and 8%. Alkalization is one of modifications natural fibers to improve fiber-matrix compatibility.The method of this research used a hands lay-up method. As follow the 1st coconut fiber treated without alkalization or 0% alkalization and the 2nd coconut fiber immersed in alkaline solution (2%, 5% and 8% NaOH) for 1 hour. Then, each treatment specimen molded to composite according to standard tensile test ASTM D638 –I. Coconut fiber volume fraction 30% and 70% polyester, and arranged coconut fiber straightly. And used the matrix polyester resin type 157 BTQN with hardener MEKPO 1%.The results of this research showed that coconut fiber reinforced composites with NaOH concentrations of 0%, 2%, 5% and 8% respectively has a tensile strength that is 90,144 MPa, 93.75 MPa, 97,356 MPa and 94,151 MPa. The optimum concentration limit of 5% NaOH produced the highest tensile strength 97,356 MPa, while the composite of coconut fiber without alkalization has the lowest tensile strength 90,144 MPa

Pengaruh Variasi Putaran dan Bentuk Mata Pisau Pengurai pada Mesin Pengurai Sabut Kelapa terhadap Kapasitas Mesin

The utilization of coconut fiber waste at this time is very potential, because the coconut fiber waste a lot of selling value. The coconut processing itself produces 2 kinds of products that are coconut fiber and coconut coir. To increase the effectiveness and capacity of coconut fiber decomposers, it is necessary to perform several variables and in this research will use variation of rotation and shape of coconut fiber decomposition blade. which later expected to produce optimal decomposition. The data retrieval process in this research is by decomposing coconut husk where coconut husk is inserted into the machine weighing 500 gram continuously and observation of the decomposition results and calculate the decomposition time, so as to get the results of the machine capacity. Variations of parsing knife rotation and variation of blade shape of blade on coco fiber decomposition machine influence on the decomposition of coconut coir. In this study the optimal result is at 1420 rpm rotation, time of 47 seconds, for the coconut coir that has been done soaking for 2 hours. The optimal production capacity was at 1420 rpm of the knife rotation and capacity result was 0.0104 gram/ s

RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PENGHANCUR SERABUT KELAPA KAPASITAS 80 Kg/Jam”

COCONUT FIBER CRUSHER MACHINE DESIGN WITH CAPACITY OF 80 KG/HOUR This coconut fiber crusher machine is a tool that used for crushing coconut fiber which is the output of the production are cocopeat and cocofiber. Process of manufacturing coconut fiber crusher machine is covering several stages : first stage is designing of the coconut fiber crusher machine, second stage is designing and calculating the component of coconut fiber crusher machine, third stage is fabrication process including of making the frame and assembling of coconut fiber crusher machine. Then, testing the machine including testing of machine production capacity and testing of fuel usage whether it is in accordance with the design. The results of coconut fiber crusher machine test with coconut fiber that has moisture content below 12% are obtained 76,5 kg of cocopeat per hour with 4.5 liters fuel usage per hour. Keywords : crusher machine, coconut fiber, cocopeat, design RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PENGHANCUR SERABUT KELAPA KAPASITAS 80 KG/JAM Mesin penghancur serabut kelapa ini merupakan suatu peralatan yang digunakan untuk menghancurkan serabut kelapa, dimana dalam hal ini output yang dihasilkan adalah berupa cocopeat dan cocofiber. Proses pembuatan mesin penghancur serabut kelapa meliputi beberapa tahapan, yaitu : pertama desain mesin penghancur serabut kelapa, kedua perencanaan dan perhitungan komponen pada mesin penghancur serabut kelapa, ketiga proses fabrikasi meliputi pembuatan rangka dan perakitan mesin penghancur serabut kelapa. Kemudian dilakukan pengujian mesin meliputi pengujian kapasitas produksi mesin dan pengujian penggunaan bahan bakar apakah sudah sesuai dengan hasil perencanaan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari pengujian mesin penghancur serabut kelapa dengan serabut kelapa yang memiliki kadar air di bawah 12% didapatkan cocopeat sebanyak 76,5 kg per jam dengan penggunaan bahan bakar 4,5 liter per jam. Kata kunci : mesin penghancur, serabut kelapa, cocopeat, rancang bangu

Investigation Characteristics of Pulp Fibers as Green Potential Polymer Reinforcing Agents

Three kinds of pulp fiber (i.e. kenaf, pineapple and coconut fiber)were characterized as reinforcing agents in compositematerials to be applied at automotive interior industry.Abetter understanding on characteristics of fiber will lead to enhance interface adhesion between fiber and matrices. Furthermore, it will improve the properties of polymer significantly. Chemical, surface compositions as well as morphology of pulp fiber were investigated using TAPPI standard test method, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and optical microscopy, respectively. Further observation on morphology of the fiber was conducted by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). From this study, pineapple pulps showed the highest α-cellulose content than that of kenaf or coconut pulps. However, it has the lowest hemicellulose content among them. This condition takes responsibility for the difficulties of pineapple pulps defibrillation process. Much fines or external fibrillations are presence on both kenaf and pineapple pulp's morphology, but it is not presence in the coconut pulps.Moreover, coconut fiber is shorter than the other two fibers with diameter size estimated in the order pineapple < kenaf < coconut pulps. FT-IR analysis shown quite similar absorption fromall pulps, except for coconut pulps due to the remaining lignin on the surface of fiber that showed by the presence of C-O phenol stretching at 1280 cm-1. Finally, it is reported that kenaf pulps fiber is suitable candidate for polymer reinforcing agents compared to pineapple and coconut pulps fiber

Komposit Hibrid Polyester Berpenguat Serbuk Batang Dan Serat Sabut Kelapa

Sawdust coconut trunks of palm trees and fiber coconut coir are two waste materials from the processing of coconuts and coconut tree trunks sawmill waste are plentiful materials can be utilized for producing composites using polyester resins. Both each properties materials as follow polyester resin: liquid in the open air conditions, sawdust coconut and coconut coir fiber properties is lightweight and fragile nature of the polyester adhesive used as a binder (binder) between fiber coconut coir and sawdust coconut palm tree trunks as a filler. The variation volume fraction between the sawdust and coconut trunks of fiber coconut coir in polyester resin influence mechanical properties for each composition of this composite. By comparizing the volume fraction of either polyester, sawdust coconut palm tree trunks and fiber coconut coir (Coir coconut) using tensile test standard ASTM D638-I, and the ASTM D6110 for impact testing. The result of tensile and impact test, obtained that the optimum percentage 30:10 per cent, mean tensile strength on 95.953 N/mm2 , mean elasticity 0,125 % , mean elasticity modulus 768.702 N/mm2, mean absorbed energy 2,679 J and mean impact value 0,068 J/mm2

KAJIAN PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI PELARUT ETIL ASETAT TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK EKSTRAK ZAT WARNA DARI SABUT KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L)

The aim of this study was assess concentrations of solvent ethyl acetate to extract the dye characteristics of coco. Preliminary research carried out for determining the ratio between coconut fiber and 96% ethyl acetate solvent based on the highest yield 3.62% at a ratio of 1: 2, and based on the organoleptic test showed a comparison of coconut fiber with a solvent in terms of color was the same. The main research used the concentration of ethyl acetate 36%, 46%, 56%, 66%, 76%, 86%, and 96% showed a correlation between the concentration of the solvent to the average yield of coconut fiber extract dye where the higher concentrations of solvent, the lower the average yield of the extract obtained. Based on organoleptic test at a concentration of 96% ethyl acetate in terms of color preferred by the panelists. There is a correlation between the concentration of solvent and water content of the dye where the higher concentrations of solvent ,the lower the water content in the extract dye produced . There is a correlation between the concentration of ethyl acetate and the tannin levels where the higher concentration of solvents, the higher levels of tannin extract dye coconut fiber. Rf value known to dye the coconut fiber extract ranged from 0.702 to 0.723 where the value is close to the value of Rf tannins 0.737. Keywords : dye , Tanin , coconut fiber , ethyl acetat

Properties of Polyurethane Foam/Coconut Coir Fiber as a Core Material and as a Sandwich Composites Component

This research focuses on the fabrication and characterization of the sandwich composites panel using glass fiber composite skin and polyurethane foam reinforced coconut coir fiber core. The main objectives are to characterize the physical and mechanical properties and to elucidate the effect of coconut coir fibers in polyurethane foam cores and sandwich composites panel. Coconut coir fibers were used as reinforcement in polyurethane foams in which later were applied as the core in sandwich composites ranged from 5 wt% to 20 wt%. The physical and mechanical properties found to be significant at 5 wt% coconut coir fiber in polyurethane foam cores as well as in sandwich composites. It was found that composites properties serve better in sandwich composites construction

Tinjauan Kualitas Genteng Beton Sebagai Penutup Atap Dengan Bahan Tambah Serat Sabut Kelapa

The more development of undertaken buildings which are needed to build means needing the good roof and have good quality, lightweight and waterproof. Concrete Tile is one of the good roof, but it has expensive price than other Tiles and it is heavy enough. This research means to know the addition Fiber of Coconut to flexible load, stand with water permeability, water absorption, uniform form, and concrete tile quality without admixture but with coconut fiber. The comperation of PC, mill lime, and sand to concrete tile admixtue composition namely, 1 PC : 2 KM : 2,5 PS. Wherease coconut admixtue precentage 0%; 1%; 1,5%; 2%; 2,5% from the weight of sand. Data is taken from calculating average of test result then compared with SNI 0096-2007. The result of out-character of concrete tile is smoth, right angle, no cracking, or no physical defect. The result measuring is P = 420 mm, L = 329 mm, the flate thickness = 9,56 mm, the thickness of lying = 9,86 mm, connection length = 50,8 mm, width length = 12 mm, connection height = 11,5 mm, widht of profile = 80,2 mm, depth of lying groove = 29,6 mm, number of lying groove 2. The result of impermeability concrete tile with coconut fiber 0%; 1% ; 1,5%; 2%; 2,5% all do not do permeability, the average of proporsity to the admixture of coconut fiber 0% = 9,046%; 1% = 9,667%; 1,5% = 10,202%; 2% = 9,741%; 2,5% = 11,317%. The result of heat average precentage coconut fiber 0% = 82,54%; 1% = 80,88%; 1,5% = 77,98%; 2% = 78,60%; 2,5% = 80,18%. The average flexure load test to the percentage of coconut fiber 0% = 103,23 kg; 1% = 107,59 kg; 1,5% = 116,32 kg; 2% = 119,22 kg; 2,5% = 126,49 kg. Form the result test means can be concluded that the more adding fiber, so it will stronger in flexure test. The research shows that the concrete tile with adding coconut fiber it has been in clasification of SNI 0096-2007 from the strenght of impermeability, as proportion, appear characteristic, and size. Whereas, from flexure character, heat absorbtion, and the prosity that hasen’t been in standard

Application of fuzzy linear regression models for predicting tumor size of colorectal cancer in Malaysia's Hospital

Fuzzy linear regression analysis has become popular among researchers and standard model in analysing data vagueness phenomena. These models were represented by five statistical models such as multiple linear regression, fuzzy linear regression (Tanaka), fuzzy linear regression (Ni), extended fuzzy linear regression under benchmarking model (Chung) and fuzzy linear regression with symmetric parameter (Zolfaghari). A case study in colorectal cancer (CRC) data at the general hospital in Kuala Lumpur was carried out using the five models as mention above. Secondary data of 180 colorectal cancer patients who received treatment in general hospital were recorded by nurses and doctors. Twenty five independent variables with different combination of variable types were considered to find the best models to predict the size of tumor colorectal cancer. The quality of life among CRC patients which is to detect the early CRC stage is still very poor, not implemented and divulged as a nationwide programme. The main objective of this study is to determine the best model by predicting the size of tumor of CRC. Moreover, this study wants to identify the factors and symptoms that contribute the size of tumor. The comparisons among the five models were carried out to find the best model by using statistical measurements of mean square error (MSE) and root mean square error (RMSE). The results showed that the fuzzy linear regression with symmetric parameter (Zolfaghari) was found to be the best model, having the lowest MSE and RMSE value by 98.21 and 9.91. Hence, the size of tumor could be predicted by managing twenty five independent variables