Delayed availability

Check float ; Checks ; Funds availability

RFID lecturer availability system

In process of learning in polytechnic, having a meeting with a lecturer was an importance thing to make sure that all the task given are clearly understand and submitted on time. As such, RFID Lecturer Availability System (L.A.S) will enable to identify the availability of the lecturer for the students. This will enable the students to get inputs if the lecturer is available or having different work to be done. The advantage of LAS is that it is easy to be used and low costs. This enable an efficient product to ensure students are aware of lecturer availability before commencing any meetings or appointment. In future, the study will focus on the evaluation of the prototype in measuring the usefulness of the application developed

Legislating funds availability

Check collection systems ; Funds availability

Disaster Mythology and Availability Cascades

Sociological research conducted in the aftermath of natural disasters has uncovered a number of “disaster myths” – widely shared misconceptions about typical post-disaster human behavior. This paper discusses the possibility that perpetuation of disaster mythology reflects an “availability cascade,” defined in prior scholarship as a “self-reinforcing process of collective belief formation by which an expressed perception triggers a chain reaction that gives the perception increasing plausibility through its rising availability in public discourse.” (Kuran and Sunstein 1999). Framing the spread of disaster mythology as an availability cascade suggests that certain tools may be useful in halting the myths’ continued perpetuation. These tools include changing the legal and social incentives of so-called “availability entrepreneurs” – those principally responsible for beginning and perpetuating the cascade, as well as insulating decision-makers from political pressures generated by the availability cascade. This paper evaluates the potential effectiveness of these and other solutions for countering disaster mythology. Las investigaciones sociológicas realizadas tras los desastres naturales han hecho evidentes una serie de “mitos del desastre”, conceptos erróneos ampliamente compartidos sobre el comportamiento humano típico tras un desastre. Este artículo analiza la posibilidad de que la perpetuación de los mitos del desastre refleje una “cascada de disponibilidad”, definida en estudios anteriores como un “proceso de auto-refuerzo de la formación de una creencia colectiva, a través del que una percepción expresada produce una reacción en cadena que hace que la percepción sea cada vez más verosímil, a través de una mayor presencia en el discurso público” (Kuran y Sunstein 1999). Enmarcar la propagación de los mitos del desastre como una cascada de disponibilidad sugiere que ciertas herramientas pueden ser útiles para parar la continua perpetuación de los mitos. Estas herramientas incluyen el cambio de los incentivos legales y sociales de los llamados “emprendedores de la disponibilidad”, los principales responsables del inicio y la perpetuación de la cascada, además del aislamiento de quienes toman las decisiones de las presiones políticas generadas por la cascada de disponibilidad. Este artículo evalúa la efectividad potencial de estas y otras soluciones para contrarrestar los mitos del desastre

The availability of declaratory relief

In spite of the unequivocal decision of the ECJ in The Front Comor [2009] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 413 that anti-suit injunctions are incompatible with the Regulation and fundamentally, the principle of mutual trust, the Court of Appeal in National Navigation Co v Endesa [2009] EWCA Civ has controversially opined that declarations of validity may be used as grounds for non-recognition of a foreign judgment where the declaration is given prior to the foreign court’s decision. This reading however is unlikely to be favourable in Europe, as declarations may now be seen as having the same adverse effect as anti-suit injunctions

Availability, price, and affordability of essential medicines to manage noncommunicable diseases : a national survey from Nepal

The aim of this study was to evaluate the availability, price, and affordability of essential noncommunicable disease (NCD) medicines in Nepal. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Nepal in 2015 using World Health Organization/Health Action International (WHO/HAI) methodology. We collected data on the availability and price of 60 essential NCD medicines from medicine distribution outlets in both the public and private health care sectors in 6 regions. Essential NCD medicines were more available in the private sector (78%) than the public sector (60%). Furosemide tablets were the cheapest (NPR 0.6/10 tablets) and streptokinase injections were the most expensive (NPR 2200/vial) drugs. There was no significant difference (P > .05) in availability and affordability of essential NCD medicines across the 6 survey areas. Treating selected NCD conditions with medicines was generally affordable, with 1 month of treatment costing no more than a day’s wage of the lowest paid unskilled government worker. The lower availability of NCD medicines in the public sector limits the effectiveness of the government’s policy of providing free health services at public facilities. Although NCD medicines were generally affordable, future health policy should aim to ensure improved equitable access to NCD medicines, particularly in public facilities