台灣農業結購之變化與農業政策之重點

[[abstract]]"本研究目的主要探討臺灣農業結構與農業發展重點。本研究發現歸納如下：一、農業生產結構方面：農作物在農業部門的重要性降低，漁業與畜牧業之比率成遞增之趨勢，但農作物仍是農業之重心。二、農地結構方面：臺灣耕地面積規模頗為狹小，且耕地利用度有粗放經營之趨勢；農地結構因水田與旱田耕地面積之消長，顯示農地結構日趨惡化之趨勢；耕地面積有減少之趨勢。三、農業勞動結構方面：農業戶數的結構趨向於兼業化；農業勞動有老年化的趨勢。四、農業政策重點方面：以農地政策為主軸，發展科技含量大之產品，注重研發，尋求重點產業輔導發展，加強兩岸農業交流與合作。 This study looked at agricultural structure changes and policies in Taiwan, and examined the key parts of its development. Findings of this research are as follows. First, the structure of agricultural production is changing. The significance of agricultural products has decreased while that of fishery and animal husbandry has increased. However, the former is still the core of agricultural development. Second, the capacity of cultivated land in Taiwan is relatively small and the access tends to be extensive. The proportion of paddy field to dry land in Taiwan has been reversed. Alarmingly, this indicates that the structure of agricultural land is degenerating and the scale of cultivated land is being reduced. Third, the number of professional farm entities has been reduced and the labor of agricultural industry is aging. In the future, agricultural land policy should remain the focus of agricultural policies in Taiwan with the additional critical strategies: developing high-tech agricultural products, focusing on R&D, specifying focal points of agricultural development for consultation and development, and enhancing cross-strait agricultural cooperation.

台灣蝴蝶蘭產業價值鏈建構之研究

[[abstract]]生物科技是廿一世紀之關鍵技術，蝴蝶蘭產業是台灣發展生物技術最具代表性產業之一。由於蝴蝶蘭生產是高科技、高資本之產業，如何將生物科技有效應用在蝴蝶蘭生產上是創造產業價值之重要關鍵。本研究從蝴蝶蘭生產與技術管理的角度探討，以波特（Michael Porter）的「價值鏈」觀念，針對不同規模別的蘭園，進行訪談與問卷調查，結果發現：（一）生物科技之應用可提升蝴蝶蘭產業價值鏈附加價值；（二）蝴蝶蘭產業價值曲線，上下游階段附加價值高於中游階段