Self-organization skills and their relationship to school integration among high school students

The study aimed to reveal the relationship between self-organization skills with school integration among high school students, and the study sample consisted of (710) high school students, the male sample was (330) and the female sample was (380) in secondary schools in the southern governorates of Palestine, and the study used the self-organization scale. And the school integration scale and the study followed the descriptive approach, and the study concluded that the relative weight of the axis of self-organization skills was (74%) high, while the relative weight of the axis of school integration reached (76.8%), and there is a statistically significant relationship at the level of significance ( α ≥ 0.05) between self-organization skills and school integration, and there are statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) between the average grades of high school students on the self-organization skills scale, and the school integration scale for study variables (type - grade in the previous grade). Keywords: self-organization - school integration - high school students. DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/13-10-06 Publication date:May 31st 202

The Semiotics of Symbols in Tennyson’s the Eagle and Al Aqad’s Al Okab: a Comparative Study

This paper is a comparative study which focuses on two poems having almost the same title. One was written by the famous Victorian poet, Lord Alfred Tennyson, entitled The Eagle Fragment. The other was written by the well acclaimed Arab critic and poet, Mamoud Abbas Al Aqad entitled, Al Okab Al Harem, the Old Eagle. The study of the two poems was focusing on the semiotics of the symbol in the two poems. In other words, the paper is an attempt to decode the signs and the symbols by using the methodology developed by structuralism, an approach of reading which has been enunciated by De Saussure. The approach which depends on the relationship between the signifier and the signified was employed in this comparative study to show how each was either sharing or contradicting the other. The paper starts by literature review and definition of terms. Hence, interpretation of the title, the content and the poetic experience of each poet was conducted in comparative content

Immune checkpoints in circulating and tumor-Infiltrating CD4 + T Cell Subsets in Colorectal cancer patients

Blockade of inhibitory immune checkpoints (ICs) is a promising therapeutic approach; however, it has shown limited success in some cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). The tumor microenvironment (TME) is largely responsible for response to therapy, and its constituents may provide robust biomarkers for successful immunotherapeutic approaches. In this study, we performed phenotypical characterization and critical analyses of key inhibitory ICs and T regulatory cell (Treg)-related markers on CD4+ T cell subsets in CRC patients, and compared with normal colon tissues and peripheral blood from the same patients. We also investigated correlations between the levels of different CD4+ T cell subsets and the clinicopathologic features including disease stage and tumor budding. We found a significant increase in the levels of CD4+FoxP3+Helios+ T cells, which represent potentially highly immunosuppressive Tregs, in the CRC TME. Additionally, tumor-infiltrating CD4+ T cells upregulated programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3) and lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3). We also characterized the expression of PD-1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, and LAG-3 on different CD4+FoxP3−/+Helios−/+ T cell subsets. Interestingly, we found that CTLA-4, TIM-3, and LAG-3 were mainly co-expressed on FoxP3+Helios+ Tregs in the TME. Additionally, FoxP3high Tregs expressed higher levels of Helios, CTLA-4 and TIM-3 than FoxP3low T cells. These results highlight the significance of Tregs in the CRC TME and suggest that Tregs may hamper response to IC blockade in CRC patients, but effects of different IC inhibition regimes on Treg levels or activity warrants further investigations. We also found that CD4+CTLA-4+ T cells in circulation are increased in patients with advanced disease stage. This study simultaneously provides important insights into the differential levels of CD4+ T cell subpopulations and IC expression in CRC TME, compared to periphery and associations with clinicopathologic features, which could be used as potential biomarkers for CRC progression and response to therapy

THE EFFECT OF THE ANCILLA VERIFICATION ON THE QUANTUM ERROR CORRECTION

Communication is the prototypical application of error-correction methods. To communicate, a sender needs to convey information to a receiver over a noisy communication channel. Such a channel can be thought of as a means of transmitting an information-carrying physical system from one place to another. During transmission, the physical system is subject to disturbances (noise) that can adversely affect the information carried. To use a communication channel, the sender needs to encode the information to be transmitted in the physical system. After transmission, the receiver decodes the information. Quantum error correction is used in quantum computing to protect quantum information from errors due to decoherence and other quantum noise. Quantum error correction is essential if one is to achieve fault-tolerant quantum computation that can deal with both noise on stored quantum information, and also with faulty quantum gates, faulty quantum preparation,and faulty measurements. In this dissertation, we look at how additional information about the structure of the quantum circuit and noise can improve or alter the performance of techniques in quantum error correction. Chapter 1 and 2, are an introduction to the quantum computation, quantum error correction codes and fault-tolerant quantum computing. These chapters are written to be a useful for students at the graduate and advanced undergraduate level. Also. The first two chapters of this dissertation will be useful to researchers in other fields who would like to understand how quantum error correction and fault-tolerant quantum computing are possible. In chapter 3, we present numerical simulation results comparing the logical error rates for the fault-tolerant [[7, 1, 3]] \u27s 7 code using the technique of ancilla verification vs. the newer method of ancilla decoding as described in [1]. In chapter 4, we determine how often one should apply error correction. Therefore, we provide a relationship between the logical error rate and the physical error rate for a sequence of logical gates, sometimes followed by noisy quantum error correctio

Sero-prevalance and zoonotic implication of toxoplasmosis in sheep in South Africa

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease with severe manifestations in HIV-positive human patients. In 1978 the overall sero-prevalence of toxoplasmosis in human patients in South Africa was found to be 20%. Toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients is known to be a cause of sometimes fatal complications, such as encephalomyelitis and ocular lesions. According to the literature, mutton infected with the cysts of Toxoplasma gondii is an important route of transmission to humans who ingest under-cooked meat, or eat with unwashed hands after working with meat. There is no data on the sero-prevalence in sheep in South Africa, although this is available for most other countries, including Zimbabwe. The aim of this study was to estimate the sero-prevalence of T.gondii in sheep in South Africa and to discuss the zoonotic aspects related to the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in humans. Three-stage cluster sampling was done where five different provinces randomly chosen from all the provinces in South Africa were the primary units: Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Eastern Cape and Western Cape. Two sheep abattoirs and one rural location per province, selected randomly from a list supplied by the provincial Departments of Agriculture, were the secondary units. A total of 677 serum samples from these sheep were tested for IgG using the Indirect Fluorescent Antibody (IFA) test (Diagnostic&Technical Services CC, Randburg, South Africa) and the commercial Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent-Assay (ELISA) kit. Informal interviews were conducted with doctors (n=5), doctors regarded as experts (n=17) were selected for an expert opinion survey and National Laboratories (n=3) supplied data on human serum tested for toxoplasmosis in different provinces. The sero-prevalence in sheep, per province, was found to be: Gauteng 6%, Eastern Cape 7.8%, Western Cape 6%, KwaZulu-Natal 6.3% and Free State 2.7% when tested with the IFA test. The results obtained with the ELISA test were: Gauteng 6%, Eastern Cape 5.4%, Western Cape 4%, KwaZulu-Natal 3.6% and Free State 2.7%. Overall prevalences of 5.6% (IFA) and 4.3% (ELISA) were obtained. From the results it appears that toxoplasmosis in sheep has a lower sero-prevalence in South Africa than in other countries. Zimbabwe has an average sero-prevalence in sheep of 67.9%, there is a 80% sero-prevalence in sheep in France and 20-30% in different states in the USA. There was no significant difference between the levels in rural and commercial sheep at the 95% confidence level in South Africa, although there was a significantly higher prevalence in intensively farmed sheep in contrast to those farmed extensively. The informal interviews with the medical doctors indicated that they do not consider toxoplasmosis as an important disease. In contrast to these findings, the experts regard toxoplasmosis as a significant disease and the data obtained from the National Laboratories substantiated this opinion. The seroprevalence in humans was found to be between 14 and 32 % in the three provinces from which data were obtained. It can be concluded that the lower sero-prevalence of toxoplasmosis in sheep in South Africa, as compared with international levels, was probably due to more extensive methods of sheep farming and the relatively low rainfall in southern Africa. It must be noted, however, that comparison of sero- prevalence in different countries is made difficult by the many different tests and end-titres used in both humans and animals. Standardisation is recommended. The presence of toxoplasmosis in sheep in South Africa should be considered as significant because in this country we have a high consumption of mutton. Medical practitioners underestimate the importance of toxoplasmosis in humans. It was recommended that a pamphlet for education of veterinarians, doctors, health workers and patients be produced to increase the knowledge and understanding of this disease and its prevention in South Africa.Dissertation (MSc (Veterinary Science))--University of Pretoria, 2006.Paraclinical SciencesMScunrestricte

Bilingual Palestinians' Attitudes towards Code-Switching

Prestige is a matter that concerns everyone as an attempt to follow the high class. The way people speak is one of the most noticeable factors that are used to determine if they are prestigious or not. Code-switching helps to create a new level of prestigious speech which is what we are trying to test in this study in the community of Hebron-Palestine. The purpose of this study is to investigate participants’ attitudes towards Code-switching (whether it is prestigious or not) and what reasons led to these attitudes. Data were collected from 80 members of the society from different educational levels and different age categories using a questionnaire that was sent to participants online. The study revealed that that code-switching is considered prestigious and it reflects the level of education of people in the society. Society turns out to believe that code-switching is a sign of prestige after the dramatic growth of the use of social networking. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed. Researchers hope that this study will help other linguists who are trying to search in this field