Comparing dynamitic difficulty adjustment and improvement in action game

A thesis submitted to the University of Bedfordshire in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master ResearchDesigning a game difficulty is one of the key things as a game designer. Player will be feeling boring when the game designer makes the game too easy or too hard. In the past decades, most of single player games can allow players to choose the game difficulty either easy, normal or hard which define the overall game difficulty. In action game, these options are lack of flexibility and they are unsuitable to the player skill to meet the game difficulty. By using Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment (DDA), it can change the game difficulty in real time and it can match different player skills. In this paper, the final goal is the comparison of the three DDA systems in action game and apply an improved DDA. In order to apply a new improved DDA, this thesis will evaluate three chosen DDA systems with chosen action decision based AI for action game. A new DDA measurement formula is applied to the comparing section

Measurement of Absorption Cross Section of a Lossy Object in Reverberation Chamber Without the Need for Calibration

A reliable and simple procedure is proposed to measure the averaged absorption cross section (ACS) of a lossy object in a reverberation chamber (RC). This procedure is based on the time-domain measurement of the ACS in an RC. In the time-domain, to obtain the ACS, the chamber decay time needs to be known. Conventionally, the ACS is normally measured in the frequency domain, and a full two-port calibration must be carried out before collecting the S-parameters, which is tedious and time-consuming. In reality, the chamber decay time depends on the diffused loss of the RC, not the insertion loss of the cables. In this paper, by making use of this fact, the ACS can be measured accurately without calibration, which will simplify the measurement process and shorten the measurement time at the same time

Dimensions of fractals related to languages defined by tagged strings in complete genomes

A representation of frequency of strings of length K in complete genomes of many organisms in a square has led to seemingly self-similar patterns when K increases. These patterns are caused by under-represented strings with a certain "tag"-string and they define some fractals when K tends to infinite. The Box and Hausdorff dimensions of the limit set are discussed. Although the method proposed by Mauldin and Williams to calculate Box and Hausdorff dimension is valid in our case, a different and simpler method is proposed in this paper.Comment: 9 pages with two figure

Flexural Capacity Of Ultra-High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (Uhpfrc) Rectangular Beam

This study was done to identify the optimum fibre content to achieve maximum flexural capacity of ultra-high performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) beam. Smooth micro steel fibres of diameter 0.2 mm and length 20 mm were used in the mix which was proposed by Tayeh et al. (2013). Four batches of concrete were prepared with fibre content of 0%, 0.8%, 1.6% and 2.4% by mass, replacing the quartz sand. The targeted designed compressive strength is from 100 MPa to 120 MPa. A total of 5 tests were conducted on the concrete samples as in accordance to BS1881. They are flow table test, cube and cylinder compression test, tensile splitting test and four-point flexural test. Four beams of size 100 mm × 300 mm × 2000 mm were cast for the four point flexural test. Based on the results, the super-plasticizer (SP) needed for 0.8%, 1.6% and 2.4% UHPFRC to achieve flow of 600 mm is 1.36%, 1.25% and 1.14% by mass respectively. Less SP is required to achieve the same fresh concrete flow when the fibre content increases. Addition of fibre increases the compressive strength of UHPC. The optimum fibre content to achieve maximum compressive strength (116.8 MPa, 22.6% higher than UHPC) is 0.8% by mass. Besides that, adding steel fibre increases the tensile splitting strength of UHPC too. Maximum tensile splitting strength (75.3 MPa) is achieved at 1.6% fibre content with the increment of 35.2%. Meanwhile, maximum flexural strength (10.24 MPa) was achieved at 1.6% fibre content too, with the increment of 24.4% as compared to UHPC. Further increment in fibre content shows adverse effect on the beam flexural strength. Minor balling effect took place when 2.4% of fibre mass is used. Lastly, micro steel fibre is found to improve the ductility of UHPC, enhancing the crack control