16 research outputs found
Management of Infantile Colic; Based on Traditional Iranian Medicine
Introduction Infantile colic is a common disorder in the three first months of childhood. There is no clear management in treating this disease which may lead to psychosocial consequences in parents. Due to the importance of infantile colic in Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM) in this study was conducted. Materials and Methods In this review article, we searched the words for colic infantile like "Maghs e Atfal" in the clinical textbooks of TIM and electronic databases were searched for "Infantile Colic", "Herbal Medicine", "Traditional Medicine" and "Complementary Medicine" keywords to obtain any relevant study. Results In TIM, infantile colic is called "Maghs e Atfal". TIM scholars believed that it can be caused by bloating in stomach, eating a lot of food or milk and subsequently mal-digestion. The treatment is based on the probable etiology. In bloating in stomach, the first step is to modify breast milk by the mother’s eating anti-flatulence drugs and avoiding any flatulent food. Foeniculum vulgare and Trachyspermum ammi are recommended to be consumed with milk by the child. Conclusion According to the benign nature of the colic, complementary medicine can be a priority in treatment. In this viewpoint, the mother's diet modification, and consequently of her milk, are very important. Avoiding any flatulent food and consumption of anti-flatulence plants are based on its treatment
Flatulent Foodstuff, an Agent in the Creation of Infantile Colic: a Narrative Study based on the Traditional Iranian Medicine and Modern Investigation
Colic is a common and annoying problem in infancy whose etiology is not well understood. Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM) scientists know flatulent food effective in creating this disorder. Since the reduction or withdrawal of this kind of food in mother’s and infant’s nutrition can be effective in preventing flatulence, this study aims to study and identify flatulent foods and the mechanism of flatulence in traditional and modern medicine. The search was conducted using the following keywords: "flatulent", "flatulence", "colic" and "bowel sound (Gharagher)" in six pharmacopeias of Traditional Iranian Medicine.Then, the scientific name of foodstuff was determined and the materias were scored based on the repetition in one or more traditional medicine book. Finally, by searching electronic resources, etiology and the mechanism of flatulence were evaluated for some of these materias. A total of 90 flatulent materias were found. Apples, cucumbers, pears, wheat, turnips and rice are the most flatulent plant materias. Etiology of flatulence in modern medicine is the gas production caused by the fermentation of the remaining food and carbohydrates by colon bacteria while in traditional medicine texts, flatulence occurs due to dysfunction in digestion performance which may be due to the type of the food.As a conclusion, almost all foods that were introduced as flatulent in traditional medicine are known as flatulence generators in modern medicine resources, as well. Identification of these foods can help to reduce infantile colic
درمانهای بیخوابی از دیدگاه طب سنّتی ایران و مقایسه آن با طب نوین
Background: Insomnia is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders which affect the quality of life. Due to high prevalence of this disease and the side effects of sedative drugs and an increase in people tend to use herbal remedies, this study was designed. This study aims at investigating various treatments for insomnia in Iranian traditional medicine and comparing them with current therapies in modern medicine.
Materials and methods: This study is reviews Iranian traditional medicine textbooks and their contents about insomnia and its treatments which are separately expressed and explained. In addition, new articles are reviewed as well to be able to compare modern and traditional treatments.
Results: In the viewpoint of Iranian traditional physicians, sleep hygiene is essential to treat insomnia. For this purpose, they suggest some special foods, simple and complex drugs and soma activities. They prescribe different types of drug use, such as intranasal and topical drug consumption. In addition, they suggest anointing the forehead or feet, and foot massage as treatments of insomnia. Reviewing modern treatments of insomnia with In Iranian traditional medicine’s treatment revealed that in Iranian traditional medicine, both topical methods and oral medication are suggested, whereas in modern medicine often oral therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy are used and topical treatments are rarely adopted.
Conclusions: It seems that topical application of drug in insomnia treatment which is suggested in Iranian traditional medicine can reduce the side effects are caused by oral consumption of the drugs. This study can be helpful to remove some of the side effects of modern medicine and we hope that by combining traditional and modern therapies, a more helpful treatment for insomnia is achieved.مقدمه: بیخوابی از شایعترین اختلالات خواب است که بر کیفیت زندگی تأثیر بهسزایی دارد. این بیماری در متون طب سنّتی ایران «سَهَر» نامیده میشود. با توجه به میزان شیوع بالای این بیماری و عوارض جانبی داروهای خوابآور و افزایش تمایل مردم برای استفاده از داروهای گیاهی، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی انواع درمانهای بیخوابی از دیدگاه طب سنّتی ایران و مقایسه آن با درمانهای رایج در طب نوین طراحی شد.
روش کار: در این تحقیق، متون به روش کتابخانهای بررسی میشوند. حاصل کار بر روی متون معتبر طب سنّتی ایران است که مطالب مربوط به بیخوابی و درمانهای آن به تفکیک بیان شده است. از طرفی مقالات و تحقیقات جدید نیز بررسی شدهاند.
یافتهها: پزشکان طب سنّتی ایران برای درمان بیخوابی، رعایت حفظالصحه خواب را ضروری میدانند و سپس تدابیر غذایی، استفاده از داروهای مفرد و مرکب و اَعمال یداوی را تجویز میکنند. آنان انواع روشهای استنشاقی و موضعی مصرف دارو مانند روغنمالی پیشانی، ملاج سر و کف پا، استعمال انواع آبزنها، پاشویه و ماساژ کف پا مانند داروهای خوراکی برای درمان بیخوابی را تجویز میکنند، درحالیکه در طب نوین اغلب، روشهای خوراکی و شناختی- رفتاری در درمان بیخوابی استفاده میشوند و درمانهای موضعی کمتر بهکار میروند.
نتیجهگیری: استفاده از انواع روشهای موضعی مصرف دارو در درمان بیخوابی در طب سنّتی موجب کاهش عوارض جانبی در مقایسه با روش خوراکی میشود و این امر میتواند راهگشای درمان در بسیاری از بیماران گرفتار عوارض جانبی داروهای طب نوین باشد
Effective materia medica in treatment of insomnia in Iranian traditional medicine
مقدمه: بیخوابی یکی از شایعترین اختلالات خواب است که میتواند بر روی خلق، هوشیاری، حافظه، امنیت و عملکرد روزانه فرد تأثیر بگذارد. در حال حاضر متداولترین داروها در درمان بیخوابی گروه بنزودیازپینها میباشند که شیوع عوارض جانبی در این گروه مانند اختلالات شناختی، وابستگی به دارو و برگشت علائم بیماری پس از قطع مصرف دارو استفاده از این داروها را محدود میکند، این امر لزوم بکارگیری درمانهای کارآمدتر را ضروری میسازد. در طب سنتی ایران نیز به مقوله بیخوابی و درمانهای آن به طور گستردهای پرداخته شده است. در این مطالعه مفردات مؤثر بر بیخوابی در منابع طب سنتی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.
روش: این تحقیق، یک مطالعه کتابخانهای و بررسی متون میباشد. در این مطالعه مفردات دارویی مؤثر در درمان بیخوابی، در 6 کتاب مرجع داروشناسی طب سنتی شامل «الابنیه عن حقایق الادویه»، «القانون فی الطب»، «ریاض الادویه»، «تذکره داوود انطاکی»، «تحفه حکیم مؤمن» و «مخزن الادویه» جستجو شد. این مطالعه در چند مرحله (یافتن واژگان کلیدی، جستجو در منابع، تهیه لیست واحد، یافتن مترادفات، دستهبندی، جمعبندی و امتیازدهی، مرتبسازی بر حسب امتیاز کسبشده) انجام شد.
یافتهها: 28 مفرده دارویی مطرح در درمان بیخوابی یافت شد که 25 مفرده منشأ گیاهی و 3 مفرده منشأ حیوانی دارند. این مفردات به ترتیب امتیاز کسبشده، در جدولی مرتب شدند، بیشترین امتیاز کسبشده مربوط به کاهو، بنفشه و کدو بود که اثرات خوابآوری یا آرامبخشی این گیاهان در مطالعات حیوانی یا انسانی به اثبات رسیده است.
بحث و نتیجهگیری: لیست مفردات دارویی حاصلشده در این مطالعه، میتواند زمینهساز انجام مطالعات بالینی آینده برای ساخت داروهای جدید و مؤثر در درمان بیخوابی باشد.Introduction: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that can affect the mood, alertness, memory, security and daily functioning. Currently, the most commonly used drugs in the treatment of insomnia are the benzodiazepines, whose incidence of adverse events, such as cognitive disorders, drug dependence and reversal of symptoms after discontinuation restricts their use. This necessitates the need for more efficient treatments. In Iranian traditional medicine, insomnia and its therapies are widely discussed. In this study, it is revised the effect of materia medica on insomnia in traditional medicine.
Method: This study is a library and literature review. The effective drugs in treating insomnia are searched in six reference books on pharmacology of traditional medicine, including The Canon of medicine, Alabnie an haghayegh al Advie, Reyaz al Advie, Tazkare Davood Antaki, Tohfat Al-momenin and Makhzan-al-advie. The study is performed in several stages (finding keywords, searching for resources, and preparation of lists, finding synonyms, classifying, summarizing and rating the results by scores).
Results: 28 materia medica were found to the treat insomnia, among which 25 cases had a plant origin and the rest were of animal origin. The results of this study are sorted in a table based on their score of effectiveness. The highest scores found to correspond to Lactuca sativa L., Viola odorata and Cucurbita moschata whose sedative and hypnotic effects have been shown in animal or human studies.
Discussion & Conclusion: The obtained results showed that materia medica can help to conduct future clinical trials to obtain new drugs which are effective in insomnia treatment
درمانهای صرع از دیدگاه طب سنتی ایران و طب نوین
Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the most serious neurological disorders that due to chronic, often it requires long-term treatment. At the moment despite existence of many anti-epileptic drugs, side effects of these drugs and their restriction causes lack of access to appropriate therapeutic effects. Due to the increasing tendency of patients to traditional and complementary medicine, use of current treatments for epilepsy in the context of traditional medicine with a history of thousands years can be a good solution in this disease. In this paper we will evaluate the different treatments of traditional medicine and modern medicine; so that a combination of two methods, places a good solution in front of patients.
Method: This study is a literature review and the work on traditional medicine literature that separately matters related to epilepsy and its treatments. On the other hand new papers and researches will be reviewed.
Results: Regard the principles of hygiene is essential from the viewpoint of Iranian traditional medicine scholars for the treatment of epilepsy. The modification of lifestyle and dietary is recommended. The single and compound drugs are prescribed oral and topical forms, and finally manual practices such as bloodletting, cupping, massage and many oils are advised. While in modern medicine often oral medications and sometimes electrical treatments and surgery can be used.
Discussion & Conclusion: The use of oral and topical drugs of natural origin with common medications in the treatment of epilepsy can be considered as a complementary therapy and this would require further clinical studies.مقدمه: بیماری صرع یکی از جدیترین اختلالات عصبی است که اغلب اوقات به دلیل مزمنبودن نیاز به درمان طولانی مدت دارد. در حال حاضر علیرغم فراوانی انواع داروهای ضد صرع، عوارض ناشی از این داروها و محدودیت مصرف آنها باعث عدم دستیابی به اثر درمانی مطلوب میشود. با توجه به افزایش تمایل بیماران به طب سنتی و مکمل، استفاده از درمانهای رایج صرع در متون طب سنتی ایران که سابقه چند هزار ساله دارد، میتواند راهکار مناسبی در پیش روی این بیماران قرار دهد. در این مقاله به بررسی درمانهای متنوع طب سنتی و طب نوین پرداخته میشود تا با تلفیقی از این دو روش، راهکار مناسبی در پیش روی بیماران قرار داده شود.
روش: این تحقیق یک بررسی متون (کتابخانهای) است و حاصل کار بر روی متون معتبر طب سنتی ایران میباشد که مطالب مربوط به صرع و درمانهای آن به تفکیک بیان شده است. از طرفی مقالات و تحقیقات جدید نیز مورد بررسی خواهند گرفت.
یافتهها: حکمای طب سنتی ایران برای درمان صرع رعایت اصول حفظالصحه را ضروری میدانند. ابتدا اصلاح سبک زندگی و استفاده از تدابیر غذایی مناسب را توصیه میکنند، سپس استفاده از داروهای مفرد و مرکب به اشکال خوراکی و موضعی را تجویز نموده و در نهایت از اعمال یداوی مانند فصد، حجامت، ماساژ و انواع روغنمالیها استفاده میکنند، در حالی که در طب نوین اغلب از درمانهای خوراکی و گاهی نیز از درمانهای الکتریکی و جراحی استفاده میشود.
نتیجهگیری: استفاده از انواع روشهای خوراکی و موضعی داروهایی با منشأ طبیعی در کنار داروهای رایج در درمان صرع میتواند به عنوان یک درمان مکمل مد نظر قرار گیرد و این امر نیاز به مطالعات بالینی بیشتری دارد
Measles from the Perspective of Rhazes and Traditional Iranian Medicine: a Narrative Review
Background Measles is a contagious illness with symptoms including fever, cough and rash. Although after the start of vaccination, its mortality rate has decreased significantly, but in some countries, the disease still leads to dangerous complications. Since infectious diseases such as measles has long been of interest to practitioners, in this study the perspective of Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM) scholars, especially Razi (Rhazes) about measles was examined. Materials and Methods In the present study, we reviewed Rhazes’ viewpoint about symptoms and treatment of measles in the book entitled "Al jodari - Al hasbah", and other TIM books. In addition, using scientific online databases, the latest studies in this regard are investigated. Results Rhazes was the first physician who described measles scientifically in a separate book called "Al jodari - Al hasbah". In addition to the disease symptoms, its complications and treatment strategies that includes three areas of general recommendations, nutritional measures and topical treatments such as laxatives, foods, fruits, vegetables and herbs with cold nature (based on TIM), he also explained the prognosis of the measles according to the division of skin rashes. Some other Iranian medicine scholars such as Avicenna in addition to the mentioning other therapeutic strategies also pointed out the contagious nature of measles. Conclusion Given that some of the diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive perspectives in TIM textbooks, especially Rhazes’ "Al jodari - Al hasbah" have been supported by evidence of new studies, it seems that the opinion of these scientists in the field of infectious and contagious diseases such as measles can be helpful
An Overview of the Life and Works of Famous Iranian Traditional Medicine and Islam in Khorasan
پیشینه تاریخی هر ملتی جزئی از هویت آن ملت میباشد که باید از آن به عنوان میراث گرانبهایی محافظت نمود. ملت ایران نیز با توجه به تمدن چندهزار ساله خود میراثدار گنج عظیمی از دانش و دانشمندان در علوم مختلف میباشند. به ویژه در طول تاریخ نام دانشمندان ایرانی در حوزه طب و داروسازی خوش درخشیده است. خراسان در گذشته، منطقه وسیع و پراهمیت از ایران بوده است و حکیمان و اطبای زیادی از این منطقه پا به عرصه علم طب گذاشتهاند. میتوان گفت طب سنتی ایران از سرزمین خراسان بزرگ شده، رشد کرده و به سرزمینهای اطراف گسترش یافته است. در این مطالعه، با بررسی کتب تاریخ پزشکی ایران و متون طب سنتی ایران و بررسی مقالات تاریخ پزشکی چاپشده، به معرفی زندگی و آثار پزشکان مشهوری که از منطقه خراسان برخاستهاند میپردازیم.
قرنهای چهارم و پنجم قمری، سدههای پرافتخار در فرهنگ و تمدن اسلام و ایران میباشند، در قرن چهارم قمری اخوینی بخارایی، اولین کتاب جامع طب سنتی ایران به زبان فارسی ـ هدایه المتعلمین ـ و ابومنصور هروی، اولین کتاب داروسازی سنتی به زبان فارسی ـ الابنیه عن الحقایق الادویه ـ را نگاشتند. حکیم میسری کهنترین اثر منظوم در طب به نام دانشنامه را به زبان فارسی نگاشته است. شیخالرییس بوعلی سینا، بزرگترین دانشمند جهان اسلام و ایران ـ صاحب کتاب وزین قانون ـ و ابی صادق نیشابوری ملقب به بقراط ثانی، از پزشکان نامی خراسان میباشند. در قرون بعدی به دنبال حمله مغول به ایران دورهای از افول در علم به وجود آمد و ردپایی از دانشمندان بزرگ و آثار آنها در خراسان به چشم نمیخورد. در دوره صفویه (قرن 10 ق.)، حکیم یوسفی هروی چندین منظومه در پزشکی مینگارد. از دانشمندان قرن 12 از محمدحسین عقیلی خراسانی، پزشک نامدار و صاحب کتابهای خلاصه الحکمه و مخزن الادویه میتوان نام برد.The history of every nation is part of the nation's identity as a precious heritage that must be protected. Iran has also given several thousand years of civilization heritage of science and scientists in different sciences is a huge treasure. In particular in the history of Iranian scientists in the field of medicine and pharmacy were known. In the past, Khorasan was an important area of Iran. And many physicians have left in this area. It can be said from the land of Khorasan, ITM has grown and spread to surrounding lands.
In this review study, by examining the medical history books and literature to introduce the life and works of famous sages of traditional medicine that have emerged from Khorasan region will be discussed.
The fourth and fifth centuries AH, centuries of Islam and Iranian culture and civilization are proud. In the 4th AH century, Bukhari al-Akhaweyni, wrote the first comprehensive book called Hydayat al-motealemyn in ITM and Abu Mansour Heravi, wrote the first book of Pharmacy named al-Abniyeh An-Haghyegh al-Advie. The most ancient poetic work in ITM that called Daneshname was written by Hakim Meysari. In the 5th AH century Avicenna, the greatest scholar in ITM and author of the Canon of Medicine and Neyshabouri, known as the second Hippocrates, lived in Khorasan respectively. In later centuries, following the Mongol attack of Iran, were seen a period of decline. In the Safavieh period (10th AHcentury), Hakim Yousefi Heravi wrote several medical books of poetry and Aghili Khorasani renowned physician of the 12th AHcentury, is the author of the Makhzan al-Adviye and Kholasat al-Hikmat.
Please cite this article as: Khorram Pakhouh H, Feyzabadi Z, Khodabakhsh M, Saket KH. An Overview of the Life and Works of Famous Iranian Traditional Medicine and Islam in Khorasan. Med Hist J 2016; 8(28): 37-46.
Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM); History of Medicine; Khorasan; Avicenn
Food strategies of renal atrophy based on Avicenna and conventional medicine
Kidneys have an important role in the body. Any damage to kidney role can damage many organs of the body. Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) or Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) is an ancient temperamental medicine with many literatures about kidney diseases and Avicenna (980–1025 AD) describes kidney diseases in details. This is a review study by searching of the most important clinical and pharmaceutical TPM textbooks such as The Canon of Medicine by Avicenna and scientific data banks using keywords such as “Hozal-e-Kolye”, renal atrophy, tubular atrophy, kidney, chronic kidney disease, and end stage renal disease. This paper found that “Hozal-e-Kolye” in TPM texts is the same tubular atrophy in conventional medicine due to some similar symptoms between them. Lifestyle modification and use of proposed foodstuffs can be considered as a complementary medicine in addition to conventional treatments to manage these patients. TPM scholars prescribed some foodstuffs such as camel milk, sheep's milk and Ficus carica for this disease as a complementary management. This study aimed to explain HK (the same tubular atrophy considering their similar symptoms) and introduce some foodstuffs. It seems using of foodstuffs affecting tubular atrophy based on TPM literatures can has a role as a supplemental method in company with conventional medicine management
بیماریهای مری از دیدگاه طب ایرانی و طب نوین
Background and Aim: From the viewpoint of Persian medicine, many diseases may be caused by foods, drinks and digestive system malfunctions and esophagus has an important role in this regard as the passage for food passing. As we know there is no comparative studies on esophageal diseases in traditional and modern medicine, the aim of this article is to examine the possibility of adapting their definitions and their etiology in both traditional and modern medicine schools so with combination of these two, we could achieve some better ways to treat esophageal diseases.
Materials and Methods: This is library research and a study of definitions, symptoms, etiology and therapies of esophagus diseases in valid texts of Persian medicine from the third to the thirteenth century has focused on the coincidences between traditional and modern medcine in esophageal diseases as good as possible.
Findings: It was found in this research that 7 diseases were stated for esophagus in traditional medical texts, which are the basis for their treatment is to remove the reasons of the diseases and in addition to oral therapy, the use of other therapeutic methods of traditional medicine such as lifestyle modification, topical use of drugs, handworks also recommend that some of these do not have a place in modern medicine.
Conclusion: Studying the texts of traditional and modern medicine about esophagus diseases shows that some of these diseases were stated in both traditional and modern medicine and there are some similarities in terms of etiology as well as definitions and better treatment may be obtained using both medical schools. Therefore, more studies are needed to express esophagus disease etiology in traditional and modern medicine and proving the effect of different traditional treatments.
Please cite this article as: Dehghani Tafti L, Shariatpanahi SM, Feyzabadi Z, Hosseini Abrishami M. Esophagus Diseases from the Viewpoint of Persianmedicine and Modern Medicine. Med Hist J 2017; 9(31): 95-107.زمینه و هدف: طب ایرانی بسیاری از بیماریها را به نوعی ناشی از اغذیه، اختلالات و بیماریهای سیستم گوارش دانسته و مری به عنوان مسلک عبور غذا، نقش مهمی در این زمینه دارد. با توجه به اینکه تاکنون هیچ مطالعه تطبیقی در باب بیماریهای مری در طب سنتی و نوین انجام نشده، هدف از این مقاله بررسی امکان تطبیق تعاریف و علتشناسی آنها در دو مکتب طب سنتی و نوین میباشد تا با تلفیقی از این دو بتوان به راهکارهای مناسبتری در درمان بیماریهای مری دست یافت.
مواد و روشها: این تحقیق یک مرور متون (کتابخانهای) است که با بررسی تعاریف، علائم، سببشناسی و درمانهای بیماریهای مری در متون معتبر طب ایرانی از قرن سوم تا سیزدهم به تناظریابی بیماریهای مری در طب رایج در حد امکان پرداخته است.
یافتهها: در این پژوهش، مشخص گردید که هفت بیماری در متون طب سنتی برای مری مطرح گردیده که اساس درمان آنها بر رفع سبب بیماری بوده و علاوه بر درمان دارویی خوراکی به استفاده از دیگر روشهای درمانی طب سنتی، مانند اصلاح سبک زندگی، مصرف موضعی دارو، اعمال یداوی نیز توصیه شده که برخی از اینها در طب نوین جایگاهی ندارد.
نتیجهگیری: با بررسی متون طب سنتی و نوین در مبحث بیماریهای مری به نظر میرسد که تعدادی از این امراض در تعاریف و سببشناسی متناظر بوده که با استفاده از هر دو مکتب طبی در درمان، میتوان به نتایج بهتری دست یافت، لذا به نظر میرسد مطالعات گستردهتری برای تبیین سببشناسی بیماریهای مری در طب سنتی و نوین و اثبات اثربخشی انواع روشهای درمانی طب سنتی ضروری است