THE COMPARISON OF MALOCCLUSION PREVALENCE BETWEEN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY AND HEALTHY CHILDREN

This study sets out to examine the prevalence of malocclusion and habits in a group of children with cerebral palsy and to compare it with a control group of healthy children. The presence of an anterior open bite was statistically significantly higher in the cerebral palsied group. The presence of aposterior crossbite was not significantly different between the examined groups, as was the case for a lingual crossbite. The occurrence of visceral swallowing, incompetent lips and oral respiration was significantly higher in the cerebral palsied group. The current strudy cannot satisfactorily sustain the issue of a higher prevalence of posterior and lingual crossbite in children with cerebral palsy because of no significant differences between groups, but it certainly can for an anterior open bite. The present study also adds to the evidence that there is an increased prevalence of oral breathing, visceral swallowing and lip incompetence in children with cerebral palsy

Psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in adolescents in Croatia: validation and reliability of a psychometric instrument

Cilj: Upitnik psihosocijalnog utjecaja dentalne estetike (engl. psychometric impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire; PIDAQ) kreiran je za odrasle, a cilj ovog istraživanja bio je testirati njegovu primjenu i svojstva u adolescenata u Hrvatskoj. Ispitanici i metode: Psihometrijske karakteristike hrvatske verzije PIDAQ-a ispitane su na uzorku od 191 ispitanika (60 % djevojaka) dobi od 11 do 17 godina, koji su došli u ortodontsku ordinaciju radi pregleda ili terapije. Validacija je načinjena prema COSMIN kriterijima (engl. COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurment Instruments). Intraoralno su procijenjeni Indeks kompleksnosti, ishoda i potreba (engl. Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need; ICON) i Indeks potrebe za ortodontskom terapijom (engl. Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need; IOTN). Za procjenu zbijenosti prije i poslije terapije korišten je Littleov indeks. Rezultati: Dimenzije PIDAQ-a pokazuju zadovoljavajuću unutarnju konzistentnost u adolescenata (α u rasponu od 0,81 za Estetsku zabrinutost (engl. Aesthetic Concern; AC) do 0,92 za Dentalno samopouzdanje (engl. Dental Self-Confidence; DSC); p < 0,001). Prosječne korelacije između čestica unutar svake dimenzije bile su u rasponu od 0,46 za Društveni utjecaj (engl. Social Impact; SI) do 0,64 za DSC. Spearmanove korelacije koje predstavljaju konvergentnu valjanost ukazuju da dimenzije upitnika mjere slični konstrukt kao zadovoljstvo izgledom zubi (u rasponu od r = 0,758 za DSC do -0,462 za SI; p < 0,001). Reproducibilnost reportiranja dimenzija PIDAQ-a u jednotjednom intervalu bez intervencije je visoka u rasponu 0,806 – 0,891 (p < 0,001). PIDAQ dimenzije sposobne su razlikovati adolescente s velikom potrebom za terapijom (IOTN DHC ≥ 4 i ICON ≥ 4) od onih bez potrebe ili s graničnom potrebom (p < 0,05). U ispitivanju prikladnosti dimenzije PIDAQ-a bile su sposobne detektirati promjene uzrokovane ispravljanjem nepravilnog položaja zubi (p < 0,001). Zaključak: Psihometrijska svojstva PIDAQ-a u adolescenata u Hrvatskoj slična su onima u odraslih, potvrđujući primjenu instrumenta i u adolescentskoj dobnoj skupini.Aim: The psychometric impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ) was designed for adults, and this study aimed to test its applicabitlity in adolescents in Croatia. Subjects and methods: Psychometric characteristics of the Croatian version of PIDAQ were tested on a sample of 191 examinees (60% girls) aged 11-17 years, who were reffered to the orthodontic practice for consultation or the therapy. Validation was performed according to the COSMIN criteria (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurment Instruments). The Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON) and the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) were assessed intraorally. Results: PIDAQ domains have satisfactory internal consistency in adolescents (α ranging from 0.81 for Aesthetic Concern (AC) to 0.92 for Dental Self-Confidence (DSC); p<0.001) Average inter-item correlations in each domain were ranging from 0.46 for Social Impact (SI) to 0.64 for DSC. Spearman correlations representing convergent validity showed that domains are measuring similar constructs as satisfaction with teeth appearance (ranging from r=0.758 for DSC to -0.462 for SI; p<0.001). Reproducibility of reporting dimensions of PIDAQ in a 1-week interval without intervention was high, ranging 0.806-0.891 (p<0.001). PIDAQ domains were able to discriminate adolescents with high orthodontic treatment need (IOTN DHC ≥4 and ICON ≥4) from those with no or borderline need (p<0.05). In responsiveness testing PIDAQ dimensions were able to detect changes induced by the alignment of the teeth (p<0.001). Conclusion: Psychometric properties of the PIDAQ in adolescents in Croatia are similar to those in adults, confirming the instruments` applicability in adolescents

THE COMPARISON OF MALOCCLUSION PREVALENCE BETWEEN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY AND HEALTHY CHILDREN

This study sets out to examine the prevalence of malocclusion and habits in a group of children with cerebral palsy and to compare it with a control group of healthy children. The presence of an anterior open bite was statistically significantly higher in the cerebral palsied group. The presence of aposterior crossbite was not significantly different between the examined groups, as was the case for a lingual crossbite. The occurrence of visceral swallowing, incompetent lips and oral respiration was significantly higher in the cerebral palsied group. The current strudy cannot satisfactorily sustain the issue of a higher prevalence of posterior and lingual crossbite in children with cerebral palsy because of no significant differences between groups, but it certainly can for an anterior open bite. The present study also adds to the evidence that there is an increased prevalence of oral breathing, visceral swallowing and lip incompetence in children with cerebral palsy

Influence of manual screwdriver design in combination with and without predrilling on insertion torque of orthodontic mini-implants

The study was focused on the influence of screwdriver design in combination with and without predrilling a pilot hole of inner implant diameter on insertion torque of orthodontic mini-implants, controlling for cortical thickness and vertical insertion force as cofactors. One hundred twenty mini- implants (Forestadent) of 1.7 mm in diameter and 6 and 8 mm in length were manually inserted into 120 swine rib bone samples. Maximal insertion torque as a measure of primary stability and vertical force were measured. The study included procedures with and without pilot hole and different screwdriver handles and shaft length and 2 implant lengths. Design of manual screwdriver does not modify insertion torque to a significant extent. In multiple linear regression model, significant predictors of insertion torque are thicker cortical bone (explaining 16.6% of variability), higher vertical force at maximal torque (13.5%), 6-mm implant length (2.5%), and the presence of pilot hole (2.3%). Handle type and shaft length of manual screwdriver do not significantly influence insertion torque, whereas predrilling a pilot hole has low impact on torque values of manually inserted self-drilling orthodontic mini-implants