Suprasellar cysts: clinical presentation, surgical indications, and optimal surgical treatment

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To describe the clinical presentation of suprasellar cysts (SSCs) and surgical indications, and compare the treatment methods of endoscopic ventriculocystostomy (VC) and ventriculocystocisternotomy (VCC).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We retrospectively reviewed the records of 73 consecutive patients with SSC who were treated between June 2002 and September 2009. Twenty-two patients were treated with VC and 51 with VCC. Outcome was assessed by clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The patients were divided into five groups based on age at presentation: age less than 1 year (n = 6), 1-5 years (n = 36), 6-10 years (n = 15), 11-20 years (n = 11), and 21-53 years (n = 5). The main clinical presentations were macrocrania (100%), motor deficits (50%), and gaze disturbance (33.3%) in the age less than 1 year group; macrocrania (75%), motor deficits (63.9%), and gaze disturbance (27.8%) in the 1-5 years group; macrocrania (46.7%), symptoms of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) (40.0%), endocrine dysfunction (40%), and seizures (33.3%) in the 6-10 years group; symptoms of raised ICP (54.5%), endocrine dysfunction (54.5%), and reduced visual field or acuity (36.4%) in the 11-20 years group; and symptoms of raised ICP (80.0%) and reduced visual field or acuity (40.0%) in the 21-53 years group. The overall success rate of endoscopic fenestration was 90.4%. A Kaplan-Meier curve for long-term efficacy of the two treatment modalities showed better results for VCC than for VC (p = 0.008).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Different age groups with SSCs have different main clinical presentations. VCC appears to be more efficacious than VC.</p

Analysis of Nucleoporin 107 Overexpression and Its Association with Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Bioinformatics Methods

Zi-Hao Li,1,&ast; Jia-Yi Li,2,&ast; Yong-Jie Zhu,1,3,&ast; Lei Dai,3,&ast; Zuo-Tao Wu,3 Ju-Sen Nong,4 Ting Zhuo,5 Fu-Li Li,1 Ling-Yun He,1 Hong-Hua Liang,1 Feng-Ling Zang,1 Yong-Yong Wang,3 Ming-Wu Chen,3 Wei-Jia Huang,1 Jian-Bin Cao1 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nephrology, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wei-Jia Huang; Jian-Bin Cao, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has high morbidity and mortality. Current studies indicate nucleoporin 107 (NUP107) is involved in the construction of nuclear pore complex, and NUP107 overexpression contributes to the growth and development in most types of cancers, but its effect in LUAD has not been elucidated.Methods: Differences in NUP107 expression were investigated using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and multiple Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets. Enrichment analysis were implemented to probe the NUP107 function. The association of NUP107 with the degree of immune cell infiltration was investigated by the TIMER database, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and ESTIMATE. The association of NUP107 expression with tumor mutation burden (TMB), TP53, and immune checkpoint was analyzed. Single-cell RNA sequencing data were used to detect NUP107 expression in different cell clusters. Finally, we performed real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to prove the difference of NUP107 expression.Results: NUP107 was overexpressed in LUAD and mainly expressed in cancer stem cell (CSC). Overexpression of NUP107 in LUAD suggested a poorer prognosis. Functional enrichment analysis pointed out that NUP107 was mainly linked to the regulation of cell cycle. Both immune cell infiltration and TMB were found to be in connection with NUP107. Cases in the group with high NUP107 expression had poorer immune infiltration, but had higher expression of immune checkpoints, TMB, and proportion of TP53 mutations.Conclusion: NUP107 is a sensitive diagnostic and prognostic factor for LUAD and may be involved in tumor progression through its effects on cell cycle and immune infiltration.Keywords: lung adenocarcinoma, nucleoporin 107, immune infiltration, tumor mutation burden, TP53, immune checkpoin

Magnetic properties of sediments and their response to environmental changes during the Holocene in the Fuzhou Basin, Fujian, China

The Fuzhou basin is an ideal place for high-resolution paleoclimate study due to its special location (in the coastal zone), where sediments recorded a wealth of information on the interaction between ocean and land during the Holocene. In this paper, rock magnetism, environmental magnetism and paleomagnetism features of core FZ5 sediments in the Fuzhou basin were studied to reveal response of magnetic properties to terrigenous input, sea-level change and diagenesis. The rock magnetism results show that ferrimagnetic minerals with low coercivity are the dominant minerals, while the types of magnetic minerals vary in different stages of environmental variation. Magnetite, siderite and some amounts of Fe-sulphides are the main contributors to magnetic properties in the transgression environment during the early and middle Holocene (9 similar to 3 cal. ka BP), although sulphidation dissolved fine-grained magnetite to form greigite and pyrite. However, sulphidation did not completely eliminate the natural remanence carried by magnetite and the dominant controls of the terrestrial detritus input and sea-level fluctuations to magnetic properties in this stage. During the late Holocene (3 cal. ka BP), magnetite was still partly dissolved to greigite due to the earlier reduction in the terrestrial oxidizing environment, but further transformation was restrained by the oxidation then. Strong oxidation process formed the high coercivity minerals and disturbed the natural remanence. During the deposition process, the six strong ancient oxide interfaces were produced at similar to 8.2, similar to 7.7, similar to 7.5, similar to 2.7, similar to 1.5, similar to 0.5 cal. ka BP, respectively, reflecting the unusually dry or humid climate events in the Fuzhou basin over these times.</p

Glycine receptors and glycinergic synaptic input at the axon terminals of mammalian retinal rod bipolar cells

We investigated the properties of glycine receptors and glycinergic synaptic inputs at the axon terminals of rod bipolar cells (RBCs) in rats by patch-clamp recording. Glycine currents recorded from isolated axon terminals were larger than those from isolated somata/dendrites; this was confirmed by puffing glycine onto these two regions in retinal slices. The current density at terminal endings was more than one order of magnitude higher than the density at somatic/dendritic regions. Glycine currents from isolated terminals and isolated somata/dendrites showed similar sensitivity to picrotoxinin blockade. Single-channel opening recorded from isolated terminals and somata/dendrites displayed a similar main-state conductance of ≈46 pS. Application of glycine effectively suppressed depolarization-evoked increases in intracellular Ca2+ at the terminals. In the presence of GABAA and GABAC antagonists, strychnine-sensitive chloride currents were evoked in RBCs in retinal slices by puffing kainate onto the inner plexiform layer. No such currents were observed if the recorded RBCs did not retain axon terminals or if Ca2+ was replaced by Co2+ in the extracellular solution. The currents displayed discrete miniature-like events, which were partially blocked by tetrodotoxin. Consistent with early studies in the rabbit and mouse, this study demonstrates that glycine receptors are highly concentrated at the axon terminals of rat RBCs. The pharmacological and physiological properties of glycine receptors located in the axon terminal and somatic/dendritic regions, however, appear to be the same. This study provides evidence for the existence of functional glycinergic synaptic input at the axon terminals of RBCs, suggesting that glycine receptors may play a role in modulating bipolar cell synaptic transmission