Image_1_Fecal Microbiota Alterations Associated With Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome.PDF

<p>Altered gut microbiota are assumed to be involved in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, gut microbiota alterations reported in different studies are divergent and sometimes even contradictory. To better elucidate the relationship between altered gut microbiota and IBS, we characterized fecal microbiota of diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) patients and further explored the effect of rifaximin on gut microbiota using bacterial 16S rRNA gene-targeted pyrosequencing. In our study, IBS-D patients defined by Rome III criteria and age-and-gender matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled to investigate the fecal microbiota alterations. These IBS-D patients were then treated with rifaximin for 2 weeks and followed up for 10 weeks. Fecal microbiota alterations, small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms of IBS-D patients were analyzed before and after treatment. Our results showed fecal microbiota richness but not diversity was decreased in IBS-D patients as compared to HC and there were alterations of fecal microbiota at different taxonomy levels. The abundant phyla Firmicutes was significantly decreased and Bacteroidetes was increased in IBS-D patients. Moreover, the alterations of predominant fermenting bacteria such as Bacteroidales and Clostridiales might be involved in the pathophysiology of IBS-D. In addition, rifaximin was effective in terms of SIBO eradication and even GI symptoms of IBS-D patients achieved at least 10-week improvement after treatment. Furthermore, rifaximin induced alterations of some special bacteria rather than affected the overall composition of microbiota in IBS-D patients. Meanwhile, a potential decrease in propanoate and butanoate metabolism was found in these IBS-D patients after rifaximin treatment. Taken together, there were alterations of gut microbiota in IBS-D patients as compared to HC. Rifaximin could relieve GI symptoms, modify gut microbiota in IBS-D patients and eradicate SIBO in those patients with SIBO, suggesting an additional therapeutic mechanism of rifaximin in the treatment of IBS-D. Our findings of compositional gut microbiota alterations in IBS-D and the effect of rifaximin on the gut microbiota implied that altered gut microbiota were associated with the pathogenesis of IBS.</p

Bile acid alterations associated with indolent course of inflammatory bowel disease

The indolent course of treatment-naive patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is confirmed predictable based on clinical characteristics. Current evidences supported that bile acids (BAs) alteration might be promising biomarkers in the field of IBD. We aimed to analyze the alterations of BAs as the disease progresses and explore their predictive value for indolent course of IBD. The indolent course of IBD was defined as a disease course without need for strict interventions throughout the entire follow-up. A targeted metabolomics method was used to detect the concentration of 27 BAs from serum sample in treatment-naive patients with IBD (Crohn’s disease [CD], n = 27; ulcerative colitis [UC], n = 50). Patients with CD and UC were individually divided into two groups for further study according to the median time of indolent course. The overall BAs profile and the clinical value of BAs in predicting indolent course of IBD were identified between different groups. For CD, the levels of deoxycholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, glycolithocholic acid-3-sulfate disodium salt and iso-lithocholic acid were significantly increased in patients with indolent course > 18 M (p  48 M (p  The specific BAs alterations might be potential biomarkers in predicting disease course of IBD patients.</p

sj-tif-4-tag-10.1177_17562848231165129 – Supplemental material for Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for predicting postoperative recurrence in Crohn’s disease patients with isolated anastomotic lesions

Supplemental material, sj-tif-4-tag-10.1177_17562848231165129 for Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for predicting postoperative recurrence in Crohn’s disease patients with isolated anastomotic lesions by Rirong Chen, Chao Li, Kang Chao, Yizhe Tie, Jieqi Zheng, Huili Guo, Zhirong Zeng, Li Li, Minhu Chen and Shenghong Zhang in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology</p

sj-tif-2-tag-10.1177_17562848231165129 – Supplemental material for Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for predicting postoperative recurrence in Crohn’s disease patients with isolated anastomotic lesions

Supplemental material, sj-tif-2-tag-10.1177_17562848231165129 for Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for predicting postoperative recurrence in Crohn’s disease patients with isolated anastomotic lesions by Rirong Chen, Chao Li, Kang Chao, Yizhe Tie, Jieqi Zheng, Huili Guo, Zhirong Zeng, Li Li, Minhu Chen and Shenghong Zhang in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology</p

sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848231165129 – Supplemental material for Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for predicting postoperative recurrence in Crohn’s disease patients with isolated anastomotic lesions

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848231165129 for Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for predicting postoperative recurrence in Crohn’s disease patients with isolated anastomotic lesions by Rirong Chen, Chao Li, Kang Chao, Yizhe Tie, Jieqi Zheng, Huili Guo, Zhirong Zeng, Li Li, Minhu Chen and Shenghong Zhang in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology</p

sj-tif-3-tag-10.1177_17562848231165129 – Supplemental material for Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for predicting postoperative recurrence in Crohn’s disease patients with isolated anastomotic lesions

Supplemental material, sj-tif-3-tag-10.1177_17562848231165129 for Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for predicting postoperative recurrence in Crohn’s disease patients with isolated anastomotic lesions by Rirong Chen, Chao Li, Kang Chao, Yizhe Tie, Jieqi Zheng, Huili Guo, Zhirong Zeng, Li Li, Minhu Chen and Shenghong Zhang in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Stress-inducible Protein-1 promotes metastasis of gastric cancer via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

Antibodies Used. (DOCX 17 kb

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells protect against experimental colitis via CD5+ B regulatory cells

Identification of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs). HUC-MSCs were identified according to the International Society for Cellular Therapy statement. The cells were adherent to plastic (A), differentiated to adipocytes (B) and osteoblasts (C) in vitro, and expressed specific surface antigens (positive for CD73, CD90, and CD105; negative for CD45, CD34, CD14, CD19, and HLA-DR) (D). (TIF 6040 kb