Hair loss with levetiracetam in five patients with epilepsy

AbstractPurposeTo report cases of hair loss with levetiracetam (LEV) in epilepsy patient and summarise their demographic and clinical features.MethodAll patients reported attended the epilepsy outpatient clinic of the West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Demographic and clinical information was obtained from medical records and by interview. All the patients were under regular follow up.ResultsFive epilepsy patients (4 females and 1 male) are reported. All developed hair loss within two months of starting LEV treatment. Three had idiopathic epilepsy, two symptomatic epilepsy. Three patients received LEV monotherapy, two combination treatment. None decided to switch away from LEV to another drug after developing hair loss, although the dose of LEV was reduced in one patient.ConclusionHair loss may be a rare side effect of LEV treatment in patients with epilepsy. LEV-related hair loss appears reversible if the dose is reduced or treatment is stopped

Study on the Realization of Freshwater Ecosystem Services from the Perspective of Consumer Willingness to Pay in China

The realization of freshwater ecosystem services value plays a vital role in the survival of human beings and the sustainable development of fisheries, and this process is inseparable from the support of consumers. This paper decomposes freshwater ecosystem services in multiple dimensions. From the perspective of consumers' willingness to pay for ecosystem services, using the survey data of 821 consumers in China, the influence of various dimensions of freshwater ecosystem services on consumers' willingness is explored by the structural equation model. The results show that: (1) consumers already have a certain awareness of freshwater ecosystem services, but the proportion of consumers willing to pay extra for them is not high; (2) the individual characteristics (age, gender, education, and income ) affect consumers’ willingness to pay for freshwater ecosystem services value, but the impact degree is not high; (3) regulating, cultural, and provisional servers functions of freshwater ecosystem services significantly affect consumers’ willingness to pay, especially freshwater ecosystem services’ role on regulating carbon emissions, controlling algal biomass, enhancing local fishery culture and improving leisure and leisure entertainment services. This study is helpful to deeply understand consumers' willingness to pay for various dimensions of freshwater ecosystem services and provide more targeted and detailed guidance for realizing it

1,1′-(Butane-1,4-di­yl)bis­[2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-benzimidazole]

The complete mol­ecule of the title compound, C28H24N6, is generated by inversion symmetry with the inversion centre located at the mid-point of the central C–C bond of the butanediyl unit. The benzimidazole and pyridine rings are almost coplanar, the dihedral angle between their mean planes being 6.86 (11)°

Retracted: Effect of Paris polyphylla extract on seconddegree burns in rats

This article previously published in Volume 15 Issue 10 of this journal in October 2016 has beenretracted in line with the guidelines from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE,http://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines)Retracted: Ma Z, Yin W, Hu G, Zhu Z, Huang Z. Effect of Paris polyphylla extract on second-degree burns in rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2016; 15(10):2131-2135 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v15i10.11From the EditorOur attention was drawn to the falsification of the data published in this article which was confirmed.The corresponding author, Zhi-jian Huang, failed to respond to communication in this respect.26 January 201

Effect of Paris polyphylla extract on second-degree burns in rats

Purpose: To investigate the healing effect of Paris polyphylla extract (PPE) on second-degree burns in rats.Methods: Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, weighing 200 – 220 g, were subjected to deep seconddegree skin burns by electrical scald instrument. The animals were divided into three groups as follows: (1) second-degree burn model (control) group, (2) burn model treated with 1 % silver sulfadiazine (SSD) group, and (3) burn model treated with 120 mg·mL-1 PPE group. On days 3, 7 and 14 following the administration of the drug/extract, wound area and histopathological changes in rat epidermis were evaluated for the three groups. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of PPE on Staphyloccocus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were also assessed.Results: On day 14, the mean wound area of PPE treatment group (0.21 ± 0.04 cm2) was significantly smaller than that of the control rats (2.78 ± 0.18 cm2, p < 0.01). Histological results indicate that inflammatory cells disappeared and were replaced by new granulation tissue in the group treated with 120 mg·mL-1 PPE by day 14. Compared with SSD group rats, the inflammatory cells and fibroblast and granulation tissues of burnt rats with burns and treated with 120 mg·mL-1 PPE decreased significantly. The antibacterial data revealed that the MIC of PPE against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli was 2.35, 8.2 and 4.70 mg·mL-1, respectively.Conclusion: Paris polyphylla is an effective medicinal herb that holds promise for the treatment of second-degree burns.Keywords: Paris polyphylla, Second-degree burns, Wound healing, Antibacterial, Inflammatory cells, Granulation tissues, Silver sulfadiazin