1,311 research outputs found
Interdecadal-Decadal Climate Variability from Multi-Coral Oxygen Isotope Records in the South Pacific Convergence Zone Region Since 1650AD
Annual average oxygen isotope (δ18O) time series from five coral cores collected from Fiji and Tonga are used to construct a Fiji-Tonga Interdecadal-Decadal Pacific Oscillation (F-TIDPO) index of low frequency (\u3e9yr and \u3c55yr) climate variability in this area back to 1650 A.D. Presently, both Fiji and Tonga are located in the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ) salinity front region where the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) variation is most pronounced. We first demonstrate the consistency between this F-T IDPO index and a MSL pressure-based SPCZ Position Index (SPI) (1891-2000), thus verifying the ability of coral δ18O to record past interdecadal-decadal climatic variations in this region back to 1891. The F-T IDPO index is then shown to be synchronous with the IPO index (1856-2000), suggesting that this coral-based index effectively represents the interdecadal-decadal scale climate variance back to 1650. The consistently anti-phase spectrums of the F-T five-coral composite and the interdecadal-decadal components in equatorial Pacific coral δ18O series from Maiana [Urban et al., 2000] and Palmyra [Cobb et al., 2001] suggest that the simultaneous eastern expansion (western contraction) of the eastern salinity front of Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) occurs at the same time as the northeast (southwest) movement of the SPCZ during a positive IPO (negative IPO) phase
Hanle detection for optical clocks
Considering the strong inhomogeneous spatial polarization and intensity
distribution of spontaneous decay fluorescence due to the Hanle effect, we
propose and demonstrate a universe Hanle detection configuration of
electron-shelving method for optical clocks. Experimental results from Ca
atomic beam optical frequency standard with 423 nm electron-shelving method
show that a designed Hanle detection geometry with optimized magnetic field
direction, detection laser beam propagation and polarization direction, and
detector position can improve the fluorescence collection rate by more than one
order of magnitude comparing with that of inefficient geometry. With the fixed
423 nm fluorescence, the improved 657 nm optical frequency standard signal
intensity is presented. And the potential application of the Hanle detection
geometry designed for facilitating the fluorescence collection for optical
lattice clock with a limited solid angle of the fluorescence collection has
been discussed. This Hanle detection configuration is also effective for ion
detection in ion optical clock and quantum information experiments. Besides, a
cylinder fluorescence collection structure is designed to increase the solid
angle of the fluorescence collection in Ca atomic beam optical frequency
standard.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Research on Policies to Support Telecommuting in China
Telecommuting (or Telework) is now relaxing more and more workers from traditional 9-to-5 routines in many countries. In this paper, we do some research on China’s actuality, and try to give out some reasonable suggestions to support Telecommuting, on the basis of learning from the developed countries
ビタミン B6 の疾病予防作用に関する研究
内容の要約広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(学術)Philosophydoctora
A high-resolution marine mercury model MITgcm-ECCO2-Hg with online biogeochemistry
Mercury (Hg) is a global persistent contaminant. Modeling studies are useful means of synthesizing a current understanding of the Hg cycle. Previous studies mainly use coarse-resolution models, which makes it impossible to analyze the role of turbulence in the Hg cycle and inaccurately describes the transport of kinetic energy. Furthermore, all of them are coupled with offline biogeochemistry, and therefore they cannot respond to short-term variability in oceanic Hg concentration. In our approach, we utilize a high-resolution ocean model (MITgcm-ECCO2, referred to as “high-resolution-MITgcm”) coupled with the concurrent simulation of biogeochemistry processes from the Darwin Project (referred to as “online”). This integration enables us to comprehensively simulate the global biogeochemical cycle of Hg with a horizontal resolution of 1/5∘. The finer portrayal of surface Hg concentrations in estuarine and coastal areas, strong western boundary flow and upwelling areas, and concentration diffusion as vortex shapes demonstrate the effects of turbulence that are neglected in previous models. Ecological events such as algal blooms can cause a sudden enhancement of phytoplankton biomass and chlorophyll concentrations, which can also result in a dramatic change in particle-bound Hg (HgaqP) sinking flux simultaneously in our simulation. In the global estuary region, including riverine Hg input in the high-resolution model allows us to reveal the outward spread of Hg in an eddy shape driven by fine-scale ocean currents. With faster current velocities and diffusion rates, our model captures the transport and mixing of Hg from river discharge in a more accurate and detailed way and improves our understanding of Hg cycle in the ocean.</p
Radial free forearm flap versus pectoralis major pedicled flap for reconstruction in patients with tongue cancer : assessment of quality of life
This study investigated the quality of life of Chinese patients with tongue cancer who had undergone immediate flap reconstruction surgery. In addition, we compared 2 groups of patients: those who had received radial forearm free flap (RFFF) surgery and others who had received pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMF) surgery. Patients who received RFFF or PMMF reconstruction after primary tongue cancer treated with total and subtotal tongue resection were eligible for the current study. The patients? demographic data, medical history, and quality of life scores (14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and the University of Washington Quality of Life (UW-QOL) questionnaires) were collected. A total of 41 of 63 questionnaires were returned (65.08%). There were significant differences between the 2 groups in the gender (p< .05). Patients reconstructed with RFFF performed better in the shoulder domains, in addition to worse appearance domains. Using either RFFF or PMMF for reconstruction of defects after tongue cancer resection significantly influences a patient?s quality of life. Data from this study provide useful information for physicians and patients during their discussion of reconstruction modalities for tongue cancers
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