La opinión pública en el centenario de la independencia. Los casos de Colombia y México

Nos interesa conocer cuáles fueron los distintos significados que se le dieron a la celebración del centenario de la independencia en Colombia y en México, bajo qué conceptos se condensaron estos significados, rastrear a través de qué medios circularon y en qué contexto se produjeron. Para poder dar respuestas a las preguntas planteadas nos guiaremos por la nueva historia intelectual. La opinión pública durante 1910 en Colombia y México fue guiada por diversos intereses, que la generaban a partir de negociaciones permanentes. Durante la celebración del centenario la prensa cumplió un papel de legitimación o deslegitimación de lo político. Tanto en la prensa colombiana como la mexicana los conceptos que se resaltaron fueron paz, progreso y libertad. El significado que se le concedió a estos tanto en Colombia como en México estaba íntimamente relacionado con el contexto político e intelectual que primaba en cada uno de los dos países. En el caso de Colombia encontramos el republicanismo y en México el positivismo adoptado por los científicos.Abstract. We are interested to know which were the different meanings given to the celebration of the centenary of independence in Colombia and Mexico, under which concepts represented these meanings, search through what mass media and in what context circulated did this occurred. In order to provide answers to the questions we will be guided by the new intellectual history. Public opinion during 1910 in Colombia and Mexico was guided by different interests that generated from ongoing negotiations. During the centennial celebration of the press played a role of legitimating or delegitimating of the political. Both the Colombian and Mexican media concepts that were emphasized peace, progress and freedom. The meaning that was given to these both in Colombia and Mexico was closely related to the political and intellectual context that prevailed in each of the two countries. In the case of Colombia found in Mexico republicanism and positivism adopted by scientists.Doctorad

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortiu (INICC) report, data summary of 43 countries for 2007-2012. Device-associated module

We report the results of an International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2007-December 2012 in 503 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) U.S. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care–associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 605,310 patients hospitalized in the INICC's ICUs for an aggregate of 3,338,396 days. Although device utilization in the INICC's ICUs was similar to that reported from ICUs in the U.S. in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection in the INICC's ICUs, 4.9 per 1,000 central line days, is nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.9 per 1,000 central line days reported from comparable U.S. ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher (16.8 vs 1.1 per 1,000 ventilator days) as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.5 vs 1.3 per 1,000 catheter days). Frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (42.8% vs 10%) and imipenem (42.4% vs 26.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (71.2% vs 28.8%) and imipenem (19.6% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC's ICUs compared with the ICUs of the CDC's NHSN