Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy measurement for liquids: Experimental configurations and sample preparations

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an analytical spectroscopy technique that offers precise quantitative chemical analysis using high energy laser pulse. Although LIBS has been linked as an analytical technique with no sample preparation, this case may be a boundary in preventing it from being a more advanced technique. Regardless of LIBS countless contributions in providing measurements for solid samples, the future applications of LIBS can be explored with the aid of sample preparation methods. This review highlights the previous works of researchers that have proposed and improved various configuration methods specifically targeting to upgrade the LIBS measurements of liquid samples

Performance of thermoelectric cooling system with smart graphical user interface for solidifying liquid sample

A Thermoelectric Heat Pump (THP) controller system with smart Graphical User Interface (GUI) was introduced to solidify liquid samples for laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analysis. This paper describes the smart GUI and THP controller system based on the Arduino platform. The THP controller system was built to provide a user-friendly smart GUI for controlling the Peltier Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) temperature and monitoring the sample temperature acquired from the temperature sensor. Instructions on the construction of the smart GUI and THP controller circuit were explained in this paper. The experimental results on solidifying distilled water and maintaining its freezing phase are presented in this work that demonstrated the excellent performance of the developed system

Analysing human nails composition by using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

This study investigated the elemental composition of pathological and normal nails, according to different age groups and genders. The nail elemental composition was analyzed by using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) technique. A Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm with output energy of 100 mJ, pulse duration of 6 ns and repetition rate of 1 Hz was fired to the human nails sample. The laser pulse ablated the target sample surface and produced plasma plume with characteristic spectral line comprising sample’s elemental composition. The plasma emission spectrum of nail samples were captured by fibre optic detection device and spectrometer equipped with ASEQ Spectra Software for elemental analysis. The elements detected in nails were Mg, Al, Ca, P, Ti, K and Na. Classification of nails into different age groups and genders demonstrate efficient results if compared with Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). The results indicate that Ca, Al, Ti, P and K composition were higher among female. However, Mg and Na were higher among male. The results also show that Ca and K element decline as the age increase in both genders. The pathological nails’ elemental compositions were also noticeably related to the nail disorder condition itself. It is proven that LIBS could be a possible method for analyzing the nails and identification of various nail disorders

PENGELOLAAN MADU HUTAN BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT DI DESA SEMALAH DAN DESA MELEMBA KAWASAN DANAU SENTARUM KABUPATEN KAPUAS HULU

Honey is one of the non-timber forest products (NTFPs). The management of forest honey can be done in a modern and traditional way. The purpose of this study to determine the processes of management of forest honey and the application of local wisdom values in the two villages and different farmer groups. The method used in this study is a survey by interview and questionnaire tools. Analysis of the data used is descriptive qualitative. Management of forest honey maintain sustainable forests as the availability of honey nest and bees feed. The local wisdom is still maintained that the use of honey nest derived from ancestral heritage in the form of tikung, repak and lalau. Keyword: Danau Sentarum Region, Honey Forest, NTFPs, Traditional Wisdo

Unsteady separated stagnation-point flow past a moving plate with suction effect in hybrid nanofluid

: Previous research has shown that incorporating stagnation-point flow in diverse manufacturing industries is beneficial due to its importance in thermal potency. Consequently, this research investigates the thermophysical properties of the unsteady separated stagnation-point flow past a moving plate by utilising a dual-type nanoparticle, namely a hybrid nanofluid. The impact of suction imposition on the entire hydrodynamic flow and heat transfer as well as the growth of boundary layers was also taken into account. A new mathematical hybrid nanofluid model is developed, and similarity solutions are obtained in the form of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The bvp4c approach in MATLAB determines the reduced ODEs estimated solutions. The results show that increasing the stagnation strength parameters expands the skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate. The addition of the suction parameter also resulted in an augmentation of thermal conductivity. Interestingly, reducing the unsteadiness parameter proportionately promotes heat-transfer performance. This significant involvement is noticeable in advancing industrial development, specifically in the manufacturing industries and operations systems

Knowledge and Attitude of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 among Health Sciences Students In Uitm Puncak Alam, Selangor.

Poorly controlled diabetes among young people poses a significant challenge to public health in the future since it will be affecting the economy and become a social burden. Health sciences students should have a good knowledge of diabetic Mellitus (DM) management since they play an important role in patient education. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of DM Type 2 among health sciences students. A cross-sectional study using DKQ-24 and Attitude towards Diabetes Mellitus Questionnaire were used. More than half of the respondents scored moderate and good knowledge with 50% displaying a positive attitude and proven statistically significant. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus; knowledge; attitude; students  eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/ eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.246

The impact of thermal radiation on maxwell hybrid nanofluids in the stagnation region

Previous research has recognised the study of stagnation point flow by focusing Maxwell nanofluid on a stretching sheet surface. Motivated by this research idea, our main objective is to formulate and analyse a new mathematical model of stagnation point flow in Maxwell fluid that highlights the dual types of fluid known as hybrid nanofluids. The effects of thermal radiation and heat transfer are also considered. The partial differential equations (PDEs) are converted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) via similarity variables that generate similarity solutions. Following that, the bvp4c approach is employed to discover the approximate solutions of the reduced ODEs. The significance of various parameters is graphically presented and considers the physical quantities of interest. A remarkable observation found in this study is the enhancement of the heat transfer rate in Maxwell hybrid nanofluids, which is steadily amplified in contrast to traditional fluids. Indeed, the Maxwell parameter in hybrid nanofluids embarks on a substantial increment of the heat transfer rate. The current study succeeds in establishing more than one solution along the stretching/shrinking sheet. Thus, the stability analysis is conducted to confirm the sustainability of the solutions

Unsteady transport phenomena of hybrid Al2O3-Cu/H2O nanofluid past a shrinking slender cylinder

Theoretical investigations of unsteady boundary layer flow gain interest due to its relatability to practical settings. Thus, this study proposes a unique mathematical model of the unsteady flow and heat transfer in hybrid nanofluid past a permeable shrinking slender cylinder. The suitable form of similarity transformations is adapted to simplify the complex partial differential equations into a solvable form of ordinary differential equations. A built-in bvp4c function in MATLAB software is exercised to elucidate the numerical analysis for certain concerning parameters, including the unsteadiness and curvature parameters. The bvp4c procedure is excellent in providing more than one solution once sufficient predictions are visible. The present analysis further observed dual solutions that exist in the system of equations. Notable findings showed that by increasing the nanoparticles volume fraction, the skin friction coefficient increases in accordance with the heat transfer rate. In contrast, the decline of the unsteadiness parameter demonstrates a downward trend toward the heat transfer performance