The effect of Mobile-based and Lecture-Based training methods on Midwives' knowledge regarding Management of Pre-Eclampsia/ Eclampsia

Background & aim: Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy hypertensive disorder which is associated with high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. One of the ways to reduce the risk of preeclampsia during pregnancy and childbirth is training midwives regarding its management. We aimed to compare the effects of mobile-based and lecture-based training methods on midwives' knowledge regarding management of pre-eclampsia/ eclampsia in 2017. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 70 midwives working in Lar, Iran, in 2017. The patients who met the inclusion criteria and provided informed consent were included in the study. The subjects were randomly assigned to two educational groups of lecture-based and mobile-based education. To measure knowledge a questionnaire was completed before the intervention, one week and one month after the intervention by the participants. To analyze the data, independent t-test for inter-group comparison and paired t-test for intra-group comparison were run in SPSS. Results: No significant differences was seen between the two groups before the intervention, while one week and one month after the intervention, the knowlege scores were significantly different (P=0.001). The results of paired t-test in both groups showed significant changes at the end of the study. Results were significant in both groups, but according to the mean score of knowledge before and after the intervention, the mobile-based had a greater score than lecture-based training group. Conclusion: Both mobile-based and lecture-based training methods increased the awareness of midwives regarding the management of preeclampsia and eclampsia, but the highest increase in knowledge was seen in mobile-based training group.. Thus, the implementation of midwifery training programs using mobile applications can increase midwives’ awareness concerning the management of midwifery emergency services

The Relationship between Sexual Self-Efficacy and Sexual Function in Married Women

Background & aim: Sexual self-efficacy refers to the belief of each individual about his/her ability to be sexually active, his/her desirability for sexual partner, and assessment of the ability and self-efficacy in sexual behavior. Sexual relationship is one of the key pillars of a successful family; accordingly, functionality in this domain largely affects marital satisfaction. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between sexual self-efficacy and sexual function among married women. Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 201 married women referring to the clinic of Lenjan Hospital, Isfahan in 2017. The study population was selected through convenience sampling. The women scoring below 40 in the Beck Depression Inventory were entered into the study and filled out the questionnaires of sexual self-efficacy and sexual function. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results: The mean age of participants was 32±6.70 years, and their mean menarche age was 12±36.1 years. The mean scores of sexual function and sexual self-efficacy were obtained as 26.17±1.44, 21.54±2.70, respectively. The results revealed a positive correlation between sexual self-efficacy and sexual function (r=0.205, P=0.001). Also, sexual self-efficacy showed a significant relationship with some subscales of sexual function, including libido, orgasm, lubrication, and sexual arousal (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Sexual self-efficacy had a positive relationship with some of the subscales of sexual function. Therefore, sexual function in women can be strengthened by the enhancement of their sexual self-efficacy

The Relationship between Small for Gestational Age (SGA) at Birth and Developmental Delay in Children Aged 4 to 60 Months

Background Progress in medical science and success in increasing the survival rate of vulnerable infants have raised the issue of future development in these children. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between small for gestational age (SGA) status at birth and developmental delay in children aged 4 to 60 months. Materials and Methods This study was a correlation descriptive through a multistage sampling method on 419 Iranian children aged 4 to 60 months who attended healthcare centers affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Healthcare Services, Iran. Data collection tools included a data collection checklist and the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASG). The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS software (version 18.0.( Results The results showed that 83 (19.8%) of 419 children in the study, had developmental delay and 336 (80.2%) had normal development. Comparison of developmental domains between the two groups of children based on birth weight, showed that there was a significant relationship between the birth weight of children and developmental delay in the domain of fine movements (p = 0.02, r=0.81), problem solving (p = 0.02, r= 0.73), and the total score (p =0.02, r= 0.87). In addition, the Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between small for gestational age (SGA) status at birth and developmental delay in children (p = 0.001). Conclusion Given the relationship between birth weight and developmental disorders, special attention to the birth weight of infants and performing regular care during pregnancy and afterwards for SGA children can prevent many developmental problems

Investigation of the Volume of Food Waste in Qaem and Imam Reza Hospitals in Mashhad, Iran

Objective: Food waste is a progressive concern and is contributed to reduce energy and protein intake. The aim of this study is to investigate the amount of food waste in different wards of Qaem and Imam Reza hospitals of Mashhad. Design and subjects: This cross-sectional study was performed during one week in the Imam Reza and Qaem hospitals. The study population consisted  of 425 patients in some wards of two hospitals. We selected participants non-randomly from patients who are hospitalized in two hospitals. The rate of food waste was measured just in lunch meal by using the food residual observational check list. All statistical analyses were done through SPSS version 16. Descriptive statistic was used to define baseline characteristics. Independent sample T-test was used for comparison of food waste between main course and appetizer, crosstab and chi-square test for comparing the main course and appetizer waste based on sex, hospitals and wards and ANOVA used for comparison of age between different degrees of food waste. Results: In this study 13.9% of the patients left their food in plate entirely. Food wastage in appetizer was significantly higher than main course (P < 0.001). Also less patients in Qaem hospital than Imam Reza left all of their food (27.84 vs 22%) (p=0.003). Food wastage in the Heart ward was significantly higher than other wards (P=0.006). Conclusion: Food waste vary by the different hospitals and wards, so in order to decrease the food waste, serving meals based on the wards and patient requirements is a good solution

Nutritional requirements and actual dietary intake of adult burn patients

Background: Nutritional support of the burn patient is essential to optimize, host immune defenses and to promote prompt wound healing. Furthermore, the increased needs in calorie requirement of burned patients, the composition of proteins, carbohydrates and fats in their diet is important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intake and comparing with Reference Daily Intake (RDI) in adult burn patients. Methods: Sixty thermally injured patients who were hospitalized in a burn care Imam Reza hospital in Mashhad, Iran, were included in this cross-sectional study. Information about actual intake was collected by ‘nutrient intake analysis (NIA) through direct observation. Individual nutritional intakes were assessed with the use of nutritionist 4 software and Data was analyzed by SPSS version 18. Results: The mean of energy, carbohydrate and protein intake was significantly lower than the mean total energy requirement and carbohydrate and protein RDA (

Quantum teleportation with nonclassical correlated states in noninertial frames

Quantum teleportation is studied in noninertial frame, for fermionic case, when Alice and Bob share a general nonclassical correlated state. In noninertial frames two fidelities of teleportation are given. It is found that the average fidelity of teleportation from a separable and nonclassical correlated state is increasing with the amount of nonclassical correlation of the state. However, for any particular nonclassical correlated state, the fidelity of teleportation decreases by increasing the acceleration.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, expanded version to appear in Quantum Inf. Proces

Evaluating the effect of an Iranian traditional medicine-based herbal candy on body composition and appetite in overweight and obese adults: A preliminary study

Objective: Obesity is an important public health concern in the world. Considering the limited medications and their side effects and lack of a known effective way to reduce appetite, traditional herbs have been considered a complementary treatment for obesity. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of an Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM)-based herbal candy on body composition and appetite in obese and overweight adults.Materials and Methods: In this preliminary study that conducted in nutrition clinic of Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad, participants were selected from overweight and obese people and randomly assigned to either groups. Participants in the intervention group received herbal candy which contained a combination of Portulaca oleracea, Plantago psyllium, and peanut oil, while participants in the control group received placebo candy for 8 weeks. The primary (appetite response, and weight changes) and secondary (body mass index (BMI), anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and laboratory variables) outcomes were collected at baseline and during the intervention.Results: Fifty participants between the age of 18 and 65 years old were included in this study. Herbal candy resulted in a greater reduction in mean weight and BMI compared to placebo (p<0.001). Mean of hunger, satiety, and eating capacity indicators decreased more significantly at all three intervals (30 min after herbal candy, 1 hour after meal and 2 hours after meal) at lunch and dinner meal in the intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.05).Conclusion: A combination of produced herbal candy at a dose of 4 g (2 pcs), given half an hour before each meal for 8 weeks, can be effective in reducing weight and appetite in obese and overweight people

Plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and its soluble receptor in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinical pathologic condition, which leads to inflammation events in hepatocytes. The objective of present study was to compare the plasma levels of VEGF and sVEGFR-1 as inflammation factors in overweight and obese children and adolescents with and without NAFLD. Materials and Methods: A total sample of 70 overweight and obese children and adolescents (37 boys and 33 girls) were recruited from those admitted to a nutrition clinic in Mashhad, northeastern Iran. The presence of NAFLD was determined by FibroScan, ultrasound and elevation of liver enzyme. Plasma VEGF and sVEGFR1 were also determined for each individual. Results: VEGF levels (log transformed) showed a significant stepwise increase from “zero” to “first”, “second” and “third” grades (P tren