Habit of study and academic achievements In District Dir (Lower) And District Malakand

In this study the researchers investigated the effect of some study habits on the academic achievement of the students. Cluster sampling technique was used to collect data from the students in two districts; District Dir lower and District Malakand. The recorded data presented by contingency tables. To test significance of the study habits on academic achievement, chi-square test was used. The researchers found that the habits of taking notes and writing back class materials significantly affected the academic performance of the students. College administration, college teaching staff and parents of the students should concentrate on the study habits of the students. Seminars, workshops and training programs should be arranged in order to bring awareness about good study habits in students.</p

On scale parameter monitoring of the Rayleigh distributed data using a new design

In recent years, many supplementary designs have been developed incorporating the assumption that data follow the particular non-normal distribution. The VR-control chart is one such design proposed to monitor the parameter 2 of the single parameter Rayleigh distributed data. Commonly, in authentic situations, practitioners need to estimate the scale parameter in the observed processes instead of 2. However, the positive square root of the VR-statistic used in the existing design of VR-control chart is not anunbiased estimator of and thus could not be practiced to monitor the scale parameter of the Rayleigh distributed process. A new structure of the VR-control chart namely VSQR for monitoring the scale parameter of the Rayleigh distributed data has been originally developed in this study. The statistical basis of this newly VSQR design in terms of average run length .ARL/, characteristic function and power curve have been derived. The analytical results are utilized further to determine the parameters of VSQR-chart and in comparing the performance of the proposed control chart with existing competitors. Comparative results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design in view of statistical power. Finally, the computational procedure of this newly VSQR-chart has been demonstrated using simulated data and real data on the breaking strength of carbon fibers

RMSD and total energy of native structure (4HHB) and mutant modeled structures.

<p>The total energy of native structure (4HHB) after energy minimization is −334380.5 kJ/mol (score: 0.69) and before energy minimization it was 29644578.1 kJ/mol (score: −3.31).</p

Comparison of genotype frequencies of SNPs in Wnt pathway genes between ER- breast cancers versus controls.

<p>BC. Breast Cancer; ER-. Estrogen Receptor negative; OR 95% CI. Odds Ratio and 95% Confidence Interval.</p>*<p>P<0.05 was considered significant and are depicted in bold.</p

Protein Stability Changes upon Mutations.

<p>Where, “WT” is the wild-type amino acid in the protein, “NEW” is the new amino acid after Mutation, “SVM2/DGG” is the stability (decrease/ increase), “RI” is the Reliability Index, and “T” is the temperature in celsius degrees.</p

Comparison of genotype frequencies of SNPs in Wnt pathway genes between early on-set Breast cancers (patients age ≤43 years) versus controls.

<p>BC. Breast Cancer; OR 95% CI. Odds Ratio and 95% Confidence Interval.</p>*<p>P<0.05 was considered significant and are depicted in bold.</p

The crystal structure of human deoxyhaemoglobin at 1.74 A resolution.

<p>The haems are located toward the proximal region; the partition between the mean planes of N (porphyrin) and C (porphyrin) being 0.16(6) A and 0.10(6) A, respectively at the alpha and beta haems. At the alpha haems, the normal's to the average pyrrole planes are skewed evenly toward the haem centre, by about three degrees relative to the haem normal, and there is a folding of about four degrees of the haem about an axis running between the methene carbons that are between the pyrrole rings bearing like-type side-chains. At the beta haems, there is no such folding (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0025876#pone-0025876-g005" target="_blank">Figure 5a</a>) having α1-Chain A (pale green), <i>β</i>2-Chain B (yellow), <i>β</i>1-Chain C (violet) and α2-Chain D (grey) which has four haems in each chain but this study was focused on <i>β</i>2-Chain B similar to the isotropic displacement model (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0025876#pone-0025876-g005" target="_blank">Figure 5b</a>).</p

Sequence homology-based results from Sorting Intolerant from Tolerant (SIFT) server for SNPs.

<p><b>a</b>) Predictions threshold for intolerance positions 1 through 100. <b>b</b>) Predictions threshold for intolerance positions 101 through 200. The type of amino acids in both figure are shown in color code i.e. Non polar (black), uncharged polar (green), basic (red), acidic (blue). Capital letters indicate amino acids appearing in the alignment, lower case letters result from prediction. ‘Seq Rep’ is the fraction of sequences that contain one of the basic amino acids. A low fraction indicates the position is either severely gapped or unalignable and has little information. Expect poor prediction at these positions.</p

The superimpose alignments of crystal structure of human deoxyhaemoglobin native protein structure (4HBB) with mutant modelled protein i.e. <i>HbE</i>, <i>HbD</i>, <i>HbC</i> and <i>HbS</i>.

<p>The structural modeling of proteins are flat ribbon model1 <i>β</i>2 Chain B (Brown) and Schematic model2 <i>β</i>2 Chain (blue). Four different amino acid mutations occur in the <i>β</i>2 Chain B, <b>a</b>) <i>HbE</i> contains <i>β</i>6Glu→Lys (E→K) located in the <i>β</i> Helix1, <b>b</b>) <i>HbD</i> contains <i>β</i>121Glu→Gln (E→Q) on located in the <i>β</i> Helix9, <b>c</b>) <i>HbC</i> contains <i>β</i>26Glu→Lys (E→K) in the <i>β</i> Helix2 and <b>d</b>) <i>HbS</i> contains <i>β</i>6Glu→Val (E→V) in the β Helix1.</p

Total energy of before and after mutation residue on <i>β</i>2 Chain B.

<p>Where “E” is the energy, “−E/KT” is the frequency that is proportional to exp, “T” is the temperature and “K” is the Boltzmann constant.</p