Kinetic Modeling of Inherent Mineral Catalyzed NO Reduction by Biomass Char

The evolution of rice straw char reactivity during reaction with NO was examined in differential reactor at 900 and 1000 °C. Original and acid-washed rice straw chars were used. Surface area and mineral content of char samples with different conversion were analyzed. The reactivity of the acid-washed char increased until conversion <i>X</i>_char = 20%, remained constant, and then decreased continuously to zero. The reactivity of the original char decreased continuously to zero throughout the reaction, with a faster decrease at 1000 °C. Mineral transformation during original char reaction was obvious. Concentration of acid-soluble K decreased about 56% and 90% at 900 and 1000 °C. Ca and Mg released little to gas phase, but reacted with SiO₂ in a small amount. The evolution of the acid-washed char reactivity correlated well with the development of surface area and was well predicted by random pore model. The reactivity of the original char depended not only on the development of surface area, but also on transformation of inherent minerals, mainly K. A two-reaction model was built which well predicted inherent K transformation. A modified random pore model was developed, which successfully simulated inherent mineral catalyzed char-NO reaction

Appendix H. Diagnostic plots for the regression of first flower date to soil temperature in Carex scabrirostris.

Diagnostic plots for the regression of first flower date to soil temperature in Carex scabrirostris

Appendix A. Change rate of soil temperature at 5 cm per day before 10 August since soil temperature at 5 cm was more than 0°C continuously for 5 days under different years and different elevation gradients.

Change rate of soil temperature at 5 cm per day before 10 August since soil temperature at 5 cm was more than 0°C continuously for 5 days under different years and different elevation gradients

Appendix I. Diagnostic plots for the regression of first flower date to soil temperature in Potentilla anserine.

Diagnostic plots for the regression of first flower date to soil temperature in Potentilla anserine

Appendix F. Relationships of the differences of first flowering date and annual soil temperature differences between transferred and original sites for different plant species.

Relationships of the differences of first flowering date and annual soil temperature differences between transferred and original sites for different plant species

Appendix B. Diagram of the landscape and experimental sites, transfer process, and monitoring.

Diagram of the landscape and experimental sites, transfer process, and monitoring

Appendix E. Relationships of the differences of first flowering date between transferred and original sites and annual mean air temperature differences for different plant species.

Relationships of the differences of first flowering date between transferred and original sites and annual mean air temperature differences for different plant species

Appendix K. Diagnostic plots for the regression of first flower date to soil temperature in Poa pratensis.

Diagnostic plots for the regression of first flower date to soil temperature in Poa pratensis

Appendix G. Diagnostic plots for the regression of first flower date to soil temperature in Kobresia humilis.

Diagnostic plots for the regression of first flower date to soil temperature in Kobresia humilis

Appendix L. Diagnostic plots for the regression of first flower date to soil temperature in Stipa aliena.

Diagnostic plots for the regression of first flower date to soil temperature in Stipa aliena