22 research outputs found
Picroside II Inhibits Neuronal Apoptosis and Improves the Morphology and Structure of Brain Tissue following Cerebral Ischemic Injury in Rats
<div><p>This paper aimed to explore the protective effects of picroside II against the neuronal apoptosis and changes in morphology and structure that follow cerebral ischemic injury in rats. A focal cerebral ischemic model was established by inserting a monofilament thread to achieve middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in 60 <i>Wistar</i> rats, and intraperitoneal injections of picroside II (20 mg/kg) were administered. The neurobehavioral functions were evaluated with the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) test. The cerebral infarct volumes were measured with tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The morphology and ultrastructure of the cortical brain tissues were observed with hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The apoptotic cells were counted with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling and flow cytometry, and pERK1/2 expression was determined by immunohistochemical assay and Western blot. The results indicated that neurological behavioral malfunctions and cerebral infarcts were present in the MCAO rats. In the model group, the damage to the structures of the neurons and the blood brain barrier (BBB) in the cortex was more severe, and the numbers of apoptotic cells, the early apoptotic ratio (EAR) and pERK1/2 expression were significantly increased in this group compared to the control group (<i>P</i><0.05). In the treatment group, the neurological behavioral function and the morphology and ultrastructure of the neurons and the BBB were improved including the number of Mi increased and relative area of condensed chromosome and basement (BM) thickness descreased, and the cerebral infarct volume, the number of apoptotic cells, the EAR and pERK1/2 expression were significantly decreased compared to the model group (<i>P</i><0.05). These results suggest that picroside II reduced apoptosis and improved the morphology and ultrastructure of the neurons and the BBB and that these effects resulted in the recovery of the neurobehavioral function of rats with cerebral ischemia.</p></div
The basement thickness and the relative thickness in BBB.
<p>A. Control group; B. Model group; C. Treatment group *<i>P</i><0.05, compared with control group; #<i>P</i><0.05, compared with model group</p
The relative area of condensed chromosome and number of Mitochongria in neurons.
<p>A. Control group; B. Model group; C. Treatment group *<i>P</i><0.05, compared with control group; #<i>P</i><0.05, compared with model group</p
Early Apoptosis Percentage determined by Flow cytometry, Annexin V-FITC staining.
<p>A. Control group; B. Model group; C. Treatment group FlowJo7.6 software was applied to analyze the early apoptosis percentage (C4 quadrant)</p
Modified neurological severity score points(Mnss).
<p>At the same time,</p><p>*<i>P</i><0.05, compared with control group</p><p>#<i>P</i><0.05, compared with model group</p><p>â–³<i>P</i><0.05, self-compared between before and after treatment</p><p>Modified neurological severity score points(Mnss).</p
Apoptosis in cortex of rats, TUNEL×400.
<p>A. Control group; B. Model group; C. Treatment group; →. Apoptotic cells * <i>P</i><0.05, compared with control group; #<i>P</i><0.05, compared with model group</p
The expression of pERK1/2 determined by Western blot.
<p>A. Control Group; B. Model group; C. Treatment group; * <i>P</i><0.05, compared with control group; #<i>P</i><0.05, compared with model group</p
The ultra-structure of neuron in cortex, EM×5k, 20k.
<p>A. Control group; B. Model group; C. Treatment group Nu: Nucleolus; Np: Nuclear pore; Nm: Nuclear membrane; Ch: Chromatin; Mi: Mitochondria; ER: Endoplasmic reticulum; Gb: Golgi bodies; Ly: Lysosome; Vc: vacuole</p
The expression of pERK1/2 in cortex of rats,DAB×400.
<p>A. Control Group; B. Model group; C. Treatment group; →. Positive cells * <i>P</i><0.05, compared with control group; #<i>P</i><0.05, compared with model group</p
The morphology and structure of nerve cells in cortex in different group, HE×400.
<p>A. Control group; B. Model group; C. Treatment group; →. Denatured cells *<i>P</i><0.05, compared with control group; #<i>P</i><0.05, compared with model group</p