Quality assessment of the 6 RCTswith the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.

<p>Quality assessment of the 6 RCTswith the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.</p

Unfavorable outcomes at the end of follow-up period.

<p>Forrest plots of meta-analysis of unfavorable outcomes for progesterone compared with placebo administrated to acute TBI patients (<b>A</b>) and sensitivity analysis of the impact of progesterone on unfavorable outcomes of acute TBI patients (<b>B</b>).</p

Publication bias tests.

<p>Begg’s funnel plots and Egger’s publication bias plots of meta-analysis of mortality (<b>A</b>, <b>B</b>) and unfavorable outcomes (<b>C</b>, <b>D</b>) for progesterone compared with placebo administrated in TBI patients.</p

Mortality at the end of follow-up period.

<p>Forrest plots of meta-analysis of mortality for progesterone compared with placebo administrated to acute TBI patients (<b>A</b>) and sensitivity analysis of the impact of progesterone on the mortality of acute TBI patients (<b>B</b>).</p

Subgroup analysis.

<p>Forrest plots of subgroup analysis according to TBI severity (<b>A</b>, <b>B</b>) and therapeutic regimens (<b>C</b>, <b>D</b>).</p

Main characteristics of the 6 included RCTs.

<p>NOTE: y = year; TBI = traumatic brain injury; GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale; GOS = Glasgow Outcome Scale; DRS = Disability Rating Score; ICP = intracranial pressure; NR = not reported; ICU = intensive care unit; GOS-E = Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale; SF-36 = 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey;</p><p>*mean age.</p><p>Main characteristics of the 6 included RCTs.</p

Flow diagram showing selection of studies.

<p>Flow diagram showing selection of studies.</p

Graph showing receiver-operating characteristic analyses for the Spetzler-Martin grading system and the supplemented grading system.

<p>Graph showing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses for the weighted point scores of the Spetzler-Martin grading system (green curve), and the supplementary grading system (red curve) (reference line shown in teal). The predictive accuracy of Spetzler-Martin score was similar to supplementary grade (ROC areas, 0.726 and 0.734, respectively, P = .715).</p

Characteristics of arteriovenous malformations according to Spetzler-Martin grading scale and supplementary grading scale.

<p>Characteristics of arteriovenous malformations according to Spetzler-Martin grading scale and supplementary grading scale.</p

Univariable logistic regression analysis.

<p>Univariable logistic regression analysis.</p