Additional file 1 of The association of rod curvature with postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion for spinal stenosis: a retrospective case–control study

Additional file 1: Supplement Digital Content 1. Summary receiver operating characteristic curvesfor RC for predicting postoperative outcomes. Supplement Digital Content 2. Summary receiver operatingcharacteristic curves for RC-PTA for predicting postoperative outcomes

One-Pot Synthesis of Ternary Pt–Ni–Cu Nanocrystals with High Catalytic Performance

Shape-controlled synthesis of multicomponent metal nanocrystals (NCs) bounded by high-index facets (HIFs) is of significant importance in the design and synthesis of highly active catalysts. It is a highly challenging task to design and synthesize ternary alloy NCs with HIFs due to the formidable difficulties in controlling the nucleation/growth kinetics of NCs in the presence of three metal precursors with different reduction potentials. We report herein, for the first time, the preparation of Pt–Ni–Cu alloy NCs by tuning their shape from crossed, dendritic, concave nanocubic (CNC) to rough octahedral (ROH) NCs through a facile one-pot solvothermal synthesis method. Specifically, the crossed and CNC Pt–Ni–Cu alloy NCs are bounded by high-index {<i>hk</i>0} facets and ROH with rich lattice defects. The electrocatalytic activities of these Pt–Ni–Cu alloy NCs toward methanol and formic acid oxidation were tested. It was shown that these Pt–Ni–Cu alloy NCs exhibited enhanced activity and stability compared to commercial Pt black and Pt/C catalysts as well as previous Pt–Ni and Pt CNCs under the same reaction conditions, demonstrating the superior electrocatalytic activity of Pt–Ni–Cu ternary alloys compared to monometal and binary Pt–Ni NCs. Surprisingly, we have found that the Pt–Ni–Cu ROH NCs have exhibited a higher specific catalytic activity than the crossed and CNC Pt–Ni–Cu alloy NCs with HIFs. The electronic and structure effects have been extensively discussed to shed light on the excellent electrocatalytic performance of Pt–Ni–Cu ROH NCs

Cascade Dual Sites Modulate Local CO Coverage and Hydrogen-Binding Strength to Boost CO₂ Electroreduction to Ethylene

Rationally modulating the binding strength of reaction intermediates on surface sites of copper-based catalysts could facilitate C–C coupling to generate multicarbon products in an electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction. Herein, theoretical calculations reveal that cascade Ag–Cu dual sites could synergistically increase local CO coverage and lower the kinetic barrier for CO protonation, leading to enhanced asymmetric C–C coupling to generate C2H4. As a proof of concept, the Cu3N-Ag nanocubes (NCs) with Ag located in partial Cu sites and a Cu3N unit center are successfully synthesized. The Faraday efficiency and partial current density of C2H4 over Cu3N-Ag NCs are 7.8 and 9.0 times those of Cu3N NCs, respectively. In situ spectroscopies combined with theoretical calculations confirm that Ag sites produce CO and Cu sites promote asymmetric C–C coupling to *COCHO, significantly enhancing the generation of C2H4. Our work provides new insights into the cascade catalysis strategy at the atomic scale for boosting CO2 to multicarbon products