15 research outputs found

    Strategies to facilitate the development of uncloned or cloned infectious full-length viral cDNAs: Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus as a case study

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    Background Approaches to simplify and streamline the construction of full-length infectious cDNA clones (FL-cDNAs) are needed. Among desirable improvements are the ability to use total nucleic acids (TNA) extracts from infected hosts (to bypass viral purification limitations) for the direct one-step amplification of large FL-cDNAs, the possibility to inoculate plants with uncloned FL-cDNAs and the simplified cloning of these large molecules. Results Using the 7.55 kb genome of Apple chlorotic leaf spot trichovirus (ACLSV) approaches allowing the rapid generation from TNA extracts of FL-cDNAs under the control of the T7 promoter and the successful inoculation of plants using in vitro transcripts obtained from these uncloned amplification products have been developed. We also show that the yeast homologous recombination system permits efficient cloning of FL-cDNAs and the simultaneous one-step tailoring of a ternary Yeast-Escherichia coli-Agrobacterium tumefaciens shuttle vector allowing efficient inoculation of both herbaceous and woody host plants by agroinfiltration. Conclusions The fast and efficient strategies described here should have broad applications, in particular for the study "difficult" plant viruses, such as those infecting woody hosts, and potentially for other, non plant-infecting viral agents

    Genomic characterization and development of tools for the construction of infectious full-lngth cDNAs for the study of flexiviruses

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    La famille des Flexiviridae a Ă©tĂ© crĂ©Ă©e en 2004 et regroupe plusieurs genres viraux affectant particuliĂšrement des espĂšces ligneuses dont des arbres fruitiers. GrĂące Ă  diverses approches plusieurs nouveaux Flexiviridae ont Ă©tĂ© partiellement caractĂ©risĂ©s au cours de ces derniĂšres annĂ©es. En revanche la position taxonomique prĂ©cise de certains d’entre eux et leur contribution Ă  des pathologies particuliĂšres restent encore incertaines du fait de difficultĂ©s inhĂ©rentes Ă  l’étude de ces agents. Dans le prĂ©sent travail, nous avons obtenu les sĂ©quences gĂ©nomiques complĂštes pour quatre agents proches de l’Apricot latent virus. Ceci a permis de prĂ©ciser l’organisation gĂ©nomique de ces virus et d’en dĂ©terminer la position taxonomique. Cette Ă©tude a Ă©galement permis de montrer que la partie C-terminale de la capside et la protĂ©ine TGBp1 sont soumises Ă  une pression sĂ©lective particuliĂšrement forte. Dans un second volet de ce travail, plusieurs approches permettant l’obtention simple et rapide d’ADNc infectieux, sous forme clonĂ©e ou non ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©veloppĂ©es. Travaillant sur plusieurs Flexiviridae, dont le virus des taches foliaires chlorotiques du pommier (Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus, ACLSV), nous avons mis au point l’amplification d’ADNc gĂ©nomiques complets en une seule Ă©tape Ă  partir d’extraits d’acides nuclĂ©iques totaux obtenus Ă  partir de plantes infectĂ©es. Des amplifiats comportant l’ADNc viral sous le contrĂŽle du promoteur 35S du CaMV ou du promoteur de la RNA polymĂ©rase du phage T7 ont Ă©tĂ© obtenus et utilisĂ©s pour infecter des plantes directement par biolistique (promoteur 35S) ou pour obtenir des ARN infectieux par transcription in vitro (promoteur T7). Ces donnĂ©es ont mis en Ă©vidence des diffĂ©rences importantes dans le comportement de deux hĂŽtes de l’ACLSV, Chenopodium quinoa et Nicotiana occidentalis 37B. Nous avons Ă©galement utilisĂ© le systĂšme de recombinaison homologue de la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae simplifier le clonage d’ADNc complets amplifiĂ©s par PCR ou pour rĂ©aliser en une seule Ă©tape la construction d’un vecteur navette ternaire levure-E. coli-A. tumefaciens et l’obtention d’un clone ADNc de l’ACLSV inoculable par agroinfiltration. Ces diffĂ©rentes stratĂ©gies devraient trouver une large application, en particulier pour tester plus rapidement des hypothĂšses d’étiologie pour les virus de plantes rĂ©putĂ©s "difficiles", tels que ceux infectant des hĂŽtes ligneux.The Flexiviridae family was created in 2004 and contains several viral genera affecting in particular woody hosts, including fruit trees. Using various strategies several new Flexiviridae have been partially characterized in the past few years. However, due to difficulties inherent in studying these agents, the precise taxonomic position of some of them and their contribution to particular diseases are still uncertain. In the present work, the complete genomic sequences of four Prunus-infecting Apricot latent virus (ApLV) like isolates have been determined. This has allowed to determine the genomic organization and the taxonomic position of these viruses. The results obtained also indicate that the C-terminal half of the coat protein and the TGBp1 are the genomic regions under the strongest purifying selection pressure. In the second part of this work, a set of approaches to simplify and streamline the construction of cloned or uncloned infectious full-length viral cDNAs were developed. working with several Flexiviridae and, in particular, with the Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), we have developed protocols allowing the one-step amplification from total nucleic acids extracts of full-length cDNAs. under the control of the CaMV 35S or phage T7 RNA polymerase promoters. Successful inoculation of plants with these uncloned amplification products was obtained by biolistic bombardment (35S promoter) or using in vitro synthesized RNA transcripts (T7 promoter). Results obtained showed significant differences in the behavior of the two ACLSV hosts, Chenopodium quinoa and Nicotiana occidentalis 37B. We also used the yeast homologous recombination system for the efficient cloning of full-length cDNAs and for the simultaneous one-step construction of a ternary yeast-E. coli-Agrobacterium tumefaciens shuttle vector and generation of an agroinfiltrable infectious ACLSV construct. These various strategies should find broad applications, in particular for the validation of etiological hypotheses in the case of “difficult” plant viruses, such as those infecting woody hosts

    Genomic characterization and development of tools for the construction of infectious full-lngth cDNAs for the study of flexiviruses

    No full text
    La famille des Flexiviridae a Ă©tĂ© crĂ©Ă©e en 2004 et regroupe plusieurs genres viraux affectant particuliĂšrement des espĂšces ligneuses dont des arbres fruitiers. GrĂące Ă  diverses approches plusieurs nouveaux Flexiviridae ont Ă©tĂ© partiellement caractĂ©risĂ©s au cours de ces derniĂšres annĂ©es. En revanche la position taxonomique prĂ©cise de certains d’entre eux et leur contribution Ă  des pathologies particuliĂšres restent encore incertaines du fait de difficultĂ©s inhĂ©rentes Ă  l’étude de ces agents. Dans le prĂ©sent travail, nous avons obtenu les sĂ©quences gĂ©nomiques complĂštes pour quatre agents proches de l’Apricot latent virus. Ceci a permis de prĂ©ciser l’organisation gĂ©nomique de ces virus et d’en dĂ©terminer la position taxonomique. Cette Ă©tude a Ă©galement permis de montrer que la partie C-terminale de la capside et la protĂ©ine TGBp1 sont soumises Ă  une pression sĂ©lective particuliĂšrement forte. Dans un second volet de ce travail, plusieurs approches permettant l’obtention simple et rapide d’ADNc infectieux, sous forme clonĂ©e ou non ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©veloppĂ©es. Travaillant sur plusieurs Flexiviridae, dont le virus des taches foliaires chlorotiques du pommier (Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus, ACLSV), nous avons mis au point l’amplification d’ADNc gĂ©nomiques complets en une seule Ă©tape Ă  partir d’extraits d’acides nuclĂ©iques totaux obtenus Ă  partir de plantes infectĂ©es. Des amplifiats comportant l’ADNc viral sous le contrĂŽle du promoteur 35S du CaMV ou du promoteur de la RNA polymĂ©rase du phage T7 ont Ă©tĂ© obtenus et utilisĂ©s pour infecter des plantes directement par biolistique (promoteur 35S) ou pour obtenir des ARN infectieux par transcription in vitro (promoteur T7). Ces donnĂ©es ont mis en Ă©vidence des diffĂ©rences importantes dans le comportement de deux hĂŽtes de l’ACLSV, Chenopodium quinoa et Nicotiana occidentalis 37B. Nous avons Ă©galement utilisĂ© le systĂšme de recombinaison homologue de la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae simplifier le clonage d’ADNc complets amplifiĂ©s par PCR ou pour rĂ©aliser en une seule Ă©tape la construction d’un vecteur navette ternaire levure-E. coli-A. tumefaciens et l’obtention d’un clone ADNc de l’ACLSV inoculable par agroinfiltration. Ces diffĂ©rentes stratĂ©gies devraient trouver une large application, en particulier pour tester plus rapidement des hypothĂšses d’étiologie pour les virus de plantes rĂ©putĂ©s "difficiles", tels que ceux infectant des hĂŽtes ligneux.The Flexiviridae family was created in 2004 and contains several viral genera affecting in particular woody hosts, including fruit trees. Using various strategies several new Flexiviridae have been partially characterized in the past few years. However, due to difficulties inherent in studying these agents, the precise taxonomic position of some of them and their contribution to particular diseases are still uncertain. In the present work, the complete genomic sequences of four Prunus-infecting Apricot latent virus (ApLV) like isolates have been determined. This has allowed to determine the genomic organization and the taxonomic position of these viruses. The results obtained also indicate that the C-terminal half of the coat protein and the TGBp1 are the genomic regions under the strongest purifying selection pressure. In the second part of this work, a set of approaches to simplify and streamline the construction of cloned or uncloned infectious full-length viral cDNAs were developed. working with several Flexiviridae and, in particular, with the Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), we have developed protocols allowing the one-step amplification from total nucleic acids extracts of full-length cDNAs. under the control of the CaMV 35S or phage T7 RNA polymerase promoters. Successful inoculation of plants with these uncloned amplification products was obtained by biolistic bombardment (35S promoter) or using in vitro synthesized RNA transcripts (T7 promoter). Results obtained showed significant differences in the behavior of the two ACLSV hosts, Chenopodium quinoa and Nicotiana occidentalis 37B. We also used the yeast homologous recombination system for the efficient cloning of full-length cDNAs and for the simultaneous one-step construction of a ternary yeast-E. coli-Agrobacterium tumefaciens shuttle vector and generation of an agroinfiltrable infectious ACLSV construct. These various strategies should find broad applications, in particular for the validation of etiological hypotheses in the case of “difficult” plant viruses, such as those infecting woody hosts

    Partial genome sequence of Bidens mottle virus sheds light on its taxonomy

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