Bifunctional Adsorbent-Catalytic Nanoparticles for the Refining of Renewable Feedstocks

A hybrid adsorbent-catalytic nanostructured material consisting of aminopropyl groups and nickel nanoparticles immobilized in mesoporous silica nanoparticles (AP-Ni-MSN) was employed to selectively capture free fatty acids (FFAs) and convert them into saturated hydrocarbons. The working principle of these sorbent-catalytic particles was initially tested in the hydrogenation of oleic acid. Besides providing selectivity for the capture of FFAs, the adsorbent groups also affected the selectivity of the hydrogenation reaction, shifting the chemistry from hydrocracking-based (Ni) to hydrotreating-based and improving the carbon economy of the process. This approach was ultimately evaluated by the selective sequestration of FFAs from crude microalgal oil and their subsequent conversion into liquid hydrocarbons, demonstrating the suitability of this design for the refinery of renewable feedstocks

The posteroinferior capsule release procedure in interventional microadhesiolysis for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Interventional microadhesiolysis: A new nonsurgical release technique for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2474/9/12</p><p>BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2008;9():12-12.</p><p>Published online 29 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2257930.</p><p></p> (a) A Flexed Round Needle inserted below the inferior border of the scapular spine on the infraspinatus muscle-tendon fascia in a human skeleton model; (b) Release of capsular fibrosis using the Flexed Round Needle in a human skeleton model; (c) A Flexed Round Needle inserted in a patient; (d) Release of the capsular fibrosis using the Flexed Round Needle and with simultaneous passive abduction by an assistant; Fluoroscopic images of a Flexed Round Needle inserted in a patient at (e) 45° of abduction and (f) near full abduction; (g) Longitudinal ultrasound image of a Flexed Round Needle inserted in a patient; (h) Transverse ultrasound image of a Flexed Round Needle inserted in a patient

The subcoracoid release procedure in interventional microadhesiolysis for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Interventional microadhesiolysis: A new nonsurgical release technique for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2474/9/12</p><p>BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2008;9():12-12.</p><p>Published online 29 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2257930.</p><p></p> (a) Positions of the shoulder and elbow during the subcoracoid release procedure, shown using a human skeleton model. The patient's shoulder is adducted, externally rotated, and extended 15–30°, and the elbow is extended; (b) An Ahn's Needle inserted in the skin over the lesser tubercle of the humerus and advanced under the coracoid process, sliding on the surface of the subscapularis muscle in a human skeleton model; (c) An Ahn's Needle inserted in a patient under ultrasonographic guidance; (d) Ultrasonographic finding of the subcoracoid release procedure; (e) A linear ultrasound probe wrapped in a sterile surgical glove to prevent contamination

The subacromial release procedure in interventional microadhesiolysis for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Interventional microadhesiolysis: A new nonsurgical release technique for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2474/9/12</p><p>BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2008;9():12-12.</p><p>Published online 29 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2257930.</p><p></p> (a) A Round Needle inserted at the superior scapular spine of the shoulder beneath the acromion on the surface of the supraspinatus muscle in a human skeleton model; (b) A Round Needle inserted in a patient; (c) The position of the Round Needle inserted in the patient could be identified on fluoroscopy; (d) The injection of diluted triamcinolone acetonide (0.4 mg/ml) after completion of the release to prevent readhesion

Levels of serum YKL-40 (A) and CRP (B) in acute ischemic stroke patients and controls.

<p>Each box indicates the median. Horizontal lines indicate the interquartile ranges. (<b>C</b>) Diagnostic accuracies of serum YKL-40 and CRP for discriminating acute ischemic stroke patients (n = 100; for statistical assessment of the differences between D1 and D2, 5 of 105 patients were excluded because they [n = 5] dropped out of the D2 test) from controls (n = 34) using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Numbers in square brackets indicate diagnostic accuracies (area under the ROC curves). D1, within 12 hours of symptom onset; D2, 18–24 hours from baseline (D1); CRP, C-reactive protein. *<i>P</i><0.05. ^a<i>P</i><0.05, vs. YKL-40 on D2. ^b<i>P</i><0.05, vs. CRP on D1. ^c<i>P</i><0.05, vs. CRP on D2. ^d<i>P</i><0.05, vs. YKL-40 on D1.</p

Multivariate-Adjusted odds ratios for Poor Functional Outcome Depend on D2 Serum YKL-40.

<p>D2, 18–24 hours from baseline; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p>a<p>Reference OR (1.00) is the lowest tertile of YKL-40 for poor outcome (mRS 4–6).</p>b<p>Adjusted factors: A = age and sex; B = A + hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking; C = B+ previous stroke and D2 C-reactive protein level.</p>c<p><i>P</i><0.05.</p

Correlation of YKL-40 and CRP Levels with Stroke Severity, Infarct volume, and Functional Outcome.

<p>D1, within 12 hours of symptom onset; D2, 18–24 hours from baseline (D1); CRP, C-reactive protein; NIHSS, National.</p><p>Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; mRS, modified Rankin Scale.</p>*<p><i>P</i><0.05.</p

Demographic Characteristics of AIS Patients and Controls.

<p>AIS, acute ischemic stroke; TOAST, Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria; SVO, small-vessel occlusion or lacunar; LAA, large artery atherosclerosis or atherothrombosis; CE, cardioembolic; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; IQR, interquartile range; NT, not tested; mRS, modified Rankin Scale.</p>*<p><i>P</i><0.05.</p

Levels of serum YKL-40 (A) and CRP (B) depend on stroke subtype (in noncardiogenic stroke).

<p>Each box indicates the median. Horizontal lines indicate the interquartile ranges. D1, within 12 hours of symptom onset; D2, 18–24 hours from baseline (D1); CRP, C-reactive protein; SVO, small-vessel occlusion or lacunar; LAA, large artery atherosclerosis or atherothrombosis. *<i>P</i><0.05.</p

Temporal changes in YKL-40 (A) and CRP (B) levels following acute ischemic stroke.

<p>Open markers indicate serially analyzed protein levels in each patient. Each box indicates the median, and the closed markers indicate the interquartile ranges. D1, within 12 hours of symptom onset; D2, 18–24 hours from baseline (D1); D3, 36–48 hours from baseline; CRP, C-reactive protein. *<i>P</i><0.05.</p