Multiple Meningioma Resection by Bilateral Extended Rostrotentorial Craniotomy with a 3D-Print Guide in a Cat.

A 13-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat was referred for the surgical removal of multiple meningiomas. The cat experienced generalized tonic-clonic seizures, altered mentation, mild proprioceptive ataxia, and circling. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed two round, solitary, well-delineated, space-occupying lesions suggestive of multiple meningiomas in the right frontal and occipital lobes. Before surgery, patient-specific three-dimensional (3D) printed models and guides were produced using a 3D program based on MRI and computed tomography (CT), and a rehearsal surgery was performed. With a 3D guide to find the location of the craniotomy lines, bilateral extended rostrotentorial craniotomy allowed en bloc resection of multiple meningiomas. The bone fragment was replaced and secured to the skull with a craniofacial plate and screws with an artificial dura. All of the surgical steps were performed without complications. The preoperative presenting signs were resolved by the time of follow-up examinations 2 weeks after surgery. Twelve months after the removal of the multiple meningiomas, the cat survived without further neurological progression. For the resection of multiple meningiomas, surgery can result in large bone defects and risk of massive hemorrhage. For this challenging surgery, patient-specific 3D models and guides can be effective for accurate and safe craniotomies

Catechin-capped gold nanoparticles: green synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity toward 4-nitrophenol reduction

An eco-friendly approach is described for the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using catechin as a reducing and capping agent. The reaction occurred at room temperature within 1 h without the use of any external energy and an excellent yield (99%) was obtained, as determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Various shapes of gold nanoparticles with an estimated diameter of 16.6 nm were green-synthesized. Notably, the capping of freshly synthesized gold nanoparticles by catechin was clearly visualized with the aid of microscopic techniques, including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Strong peaks in the X-ray diffraction pattern of the as-prepared gold nanoparticles confirmed their crystalline nature. The catalytic activity of the as-prepared gold nanoparticles was observed in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol in the presence of NaBH(4). The results suggest that the newly prepared gold nanoparticles have potential uses in catalysis

Exponential extrapolation of fouier transformed potentials in 2.5-d dc resistivity modeling

2.5-D dc resistivity modeling which allows for subsurface current and potential electrodes, numerical errors depend on the coarseness of discretization and increase with spatial wave numbers. In this regard, the exponential extrapolation of Fourier transformed potentials is useful for the evaluation of inverse Fourier transform integral in the outmost range of wavenumbers. This paper presents an accurate integral scheme in the outmost range using an exponential function of which coefficient is represented by a ratio between the modified Bessel functions of order 1 and 0. The effectiveness of this scheme has been confirmed using a homogenous half-space model and a vertical fault model

Exponential extrapolation of fouier transformed potentials in 2.5-d dc resistivity modeling

2.5-D dc resistivity modeling which allows for subsurface current and potential electrodes, numerical errors depend on the coarseness of discretization and increase with spatial wave numbers. In this regard, the exponential extrapolation of Fourier transformed potentials is useful for the evaluation of inverse Fourier transform integral in the outmost range of wavenumbers. This paper presents an accurate integral scheme in the outmost range using an exponential function of which coefficient is represented by a ratio between the modified Bessel functions of order 1 and 0. The effectiveness of this scheme has been confirmed using a homogenous half-space model and a vertical fault model

Geochemistry of Geothermal Water in Pohang, Korea

ABSTRACT Hydrogeochemical and isotopic characteristics were investigated for groundwater of the Tertiary basin in southeastern part of Korea where deep drilling is in progress for geothermal investigation. According to geology, the aquifer was distinguished as alluvial, tertiary sedimentary bedrock (bedrock groundwater), and fractured volcanic rock (deep groundwater). Groundwater of each aquifer is distinctively separated in Eh-pH conditions and concentrations of Cl, F, B and HCO 3 . Deep groundwater has very low levels of 3 H and 14 C whereas alluvial groundwater has those of recent precipitation level. However one of deep groundwater show mixed characteristics in terms of hydrochemistry which indicates effect of pumping. Deep groundwaters have temperature of 38 to 43 o C whereas bedrock and alluvial groundwater have temperature less than 20 o C. Fractured basement rock aquifer has a different hydrogeological setting from the bedrock and alluvial aquifer considering hydrogeochemical and isotopic characteristics, and temperature