Network density of LFPs functional connectivity across three groups.

<p>(A) Theta-band LFPs; (B) Gamma-band LFPs. Error bars represent standard error. * <i>p</i><0.05, ** <i>p</i><0.01, ANOVA one-way post hoc Newman–Keuls test. Control  =  no propofol anesthesia; pro = 0.5 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h; PRO = 0.9 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h.</p

Global efficiency of LFPs functional connectivity across three groups.

<p>(A) Theta-band LFPs; (B) Gamma-band LFPs. Error bars represent standard error. * <i>p</i><0.05, ** <i>p</i><0.01, ANOVA one-way post hoc Newman–Keuls test. Control  =  no propofol anesthesia; pro = 0.5 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h; PRO = 0.9 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h.</p

Quantitative description of LFPs functional connectivity across PRO group (black) and control group (white) in the 4th day and 5th day.

<p>(A), (B) and (C) respectively denote <i>C</i>, <i>D</i> and <i>E_global</i> of theta-band LFPs causal network; (D), (E) and (F) respectively denote <i>C</i>, <i>D</i> and <i>E_global</i> of theta-band LFPs causal network. Error bars represent standard error. Control  =  no propofol anesthesia; PRO = 0.9 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h.</p

Changes in clustering coefficient of three groups in three days.

<p>Results are expressed as mean ± SEM of the whole group (n = 6).</p><p>*<i>p</i><0.05,</p><p>**<i>p</i><0.01, ANOVA one-way post hoc Newman–Keuls test. Control  =  no propofol anesthesia; pro = 0.5 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h; PRO = 0.9 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h.</p

The average value of DTF matrix of three groups.

<p>(A) Theta-band LFPs; (B) Gamma-band LFPs. Error bars represent standard error. * <i>p</i><0.05, ** <i>p</i><0.01, ANOVA one-way post hoc Newman–Keuls test. Control  =  no propofol anesthesia; pro = 0.5 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h; PRO = 0.9 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h.</p

Behavioral results of rats Y-maze performance.

<p>(A) Average correct rate of SD male rats before propofol anesthesia, from the 7^th day, the correct rate was above 85% in three consecutive days; (B) Average correct rate after propofol anesthesia. Black line indicate control group averaged correct rate, red line indicate PRO group and blue indicate pro group. In the first 2 days, the difference is obvious between three groups, in the last 3 days, the inhibition of propofol was disappearing (<b>**</b><i>p</i><0.01). Error bars represent standard error. Control  =  no propofol anesthesia; pro = 0.5 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h; PRO = 0.9 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h.</p

Time-frequency spectra of LFPs while rat in a WM task.

<p>Spectral peaks of the gamma and theta rhythms stand out as isolated spots (arrows). The gamma rhythms slow down gradually from 55.0 Hz and 75.0 Hz while theta rhythms slow down gradually from 3.0 Hz and 10.0 Hz. The time interval of LFPs was 2 s before WM reference and 1 s after WM reference. Time is presented on the x-axis. Frequency is presented on the y-axis. The width of each spectral segment was 7 s, and the frequency ranges was 1–80 Hz. (A) denote time-frequency spectra of PRO group in the first day, the second day and the next day after propofol anesthesia. (B), (C) respectively denote time-frequency spectra of control group and pro group at the same time. The energy level is coded on a color scale: blue areas show low energy, and red areas show high energy. Control  =  no propofol anesthesia; pro = 0.5 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h; PRO = 0.9 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h. ▾▴ represents the tripping time by infrared in Y-maze.</p

Changes in global efficiency of three groups in three days.

<p>Results are expressed as mean ± SEM of the whole group (n = 6).</p><p>*<i>p</i><0.05,</p><p>**<i>p</i><0.01, ANOVA one-way post hoc Newman–Keuls test. Control  =  no propofol anesthesia; pro = 0.5 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h; PRO = 0.9 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h.</p

Rat working memory task training in Y-maze and one example of LFPs.

<p>(A) Y-maze for rat working memory task; (B) one example of ‘right’ task, the direction of ‘choice run’ is different to ‘sample run’; (C) one example of ‘wrong’task, the direction of ‘choice run’ is same to ‘sample run’; (D) one example of 16-channels LFPs and one channel LFPs before preprocessing; (E) one example of 16-channels LFPs and one channel LFPs after preprocessing. ▾▴ represents the tripping time by infrared in Y-maze.</p

Changes in network density of three groups in three days.

<p>Results are expressed as mean ± SEM of the whole group (n = 6).</p><p>*<i>p</i><0.05,</p><p>**<i>p</i><0.01, ANOVA one-way post hoc Newman–Keuls test. Control  =  no propofol anesthesia; pro = 0.5 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h; PRO = 0.9 mg•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹, 2 h.</p