<記録II>ハミル館一〇〇年の歩み : 1918～2018

Renewable energy systems are of importance as being modular, nature-friendly and domestic. Among the renewable energy systems, a great deal of research has been conducted especially on photovoltaic, wind energy and fuel cell in the recent years. One of the hybrid renewable energy systems consisting of 5 kWp photovoltaic panels, 800 Wp wind turbines and 2.4 kWp fuel cell modules was installed at Clean Energy House (CEH), Pamukkale University in Denizli, Turkey. To protect this laboratory, a "Lightning Protection System" was installed at the CEH. In this study, design and installation processes of a lightning protection system for the hybrid renewable energy system at the CEH are considered. III. 7, bibl. 15 (in English; abstracts in English and Lithuanian)

Advanced exergoeconomic analysis of solar-biomass hybrid systems for multi-energy generation

In this study, advanced exergoeconomic analysis of solar-biomass hybrid energy systems for the northern part of Cameroon is conducted. Three concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies, parabolic trough collector (PTC), linear Fresnel reflector (LFR) and solar tower (ST), hybridised with biomass-fired (BF) technology are investigated. It is found that exergy destruction from the solar field alone is responsible for the most of the whole exergy destructions (86.3% for PTC-BF, 92.2% for ST-BF and 85.4% for LFR-BF). The results show that LFR-BF hybrid system is the best cost-efficient system while ST-BF hybrid system is the worst cost-efficient system considering initial investment, avoidable-endogenous exergy destruction, cost associated with avoidable-endogenous exergy destruction and total cost required for the optimisation. Copyright © 2020 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd

stationary applications

There are several methods for producing hydrogen from solar energy. Currently, the most widely used solar hydrogen production method is to obtain hydrogen by electrolyzing the water at low temperature. In this study, solar hydrogen production methods, and their current status, are assessed. Solar-hydrogen/fuel cell hybrid energy systems for stationary applications, up to the present day are also discussed, and preliminary energy and exergy efficiency analyses are performed for a photovoltaic-hydrogen/fuel cell hybrid energy system in Denizli, Turkey. Three different energy demand paths - from photovoltaic panels to the consumer - are considered. Minimum and maximum overall energy and exergy efficiencies of the system are calculated based on these paths. It is found that the overall energy efficiency values of the system vary between 0.88% and 9.7%, while minimum and maximum overall exergy efficiency values of the system are between 0.77% and 9.3% as a result of selecting various energy paths. More importantly, the hydrogen path appears to be the least efficient one due to the addition of the electrolyzer, the fuel cells and the second inverter for hydrogen production and utilization. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Performance analysis of a PEM fuel cell unit in a solar-hydrogen system

In this paper, energy and exergy analyses for a 1.2 kWp Nexa PEM fuel cell unit in a solar-based hydrogen production system is undertaken to investigate the performance of the system for different operating conditions using experimental setup and thermodynamic model. From the model results, it is found that there are reductions in energy and exergy efficiencies (about 14%) with increase in cur-rent density. These are consistent with the experimental data for the same operating conditions. A parametric study on the system and its parameters is undertaken to investigate the changes in the efficiencies for variations in temperature, pressure and anode stoichiometry. The energy and exergy efficiencies increase with pressure by 23% and 15%, respectively. No noticeable changes are observed in energy and exergy efficiencies with increase in temperature. The energy and exergy efficiencies decrease with increase in anode stoichiometry by 17% and 14%, respectively. These observations are reported for the given range of current density as 0.047-0.4 A/cm(2). The results and analyses show that the PEM fuel-cell system has lower exergy efficiencies than the corresponding energy efficiencies due to the irreversibilities that are not considered by energy analysis. In comparison with experimental data, the model is accurate in predicting the performance of the proposed fuel-cell system. The parametric and multivariable analyses show that the option of selecting appropriate set of conditions plays a significant role in improving performance of existing fuel-cell systems. (c) 2008 International Association for Hydrogen Energy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Performances analysis of combined rankine and absorption refrigeration cycles for a small size solar power plant

eNGie;Masdar City;OptiCube;SunRain;Terrawatt Initiative;TiSUNISES Solar World Conference 2017, SWC 2017 and 5th International Conference on Solar Heating and Cooling Conference for Buildings and Industry 2017, SHC 2017 -- 29 October 2017 through 2 November 2017 -- 137717The use of Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) systems for combined cooling and power (CCP) is increasing daily across the global. However, due to some land and other limitations various types of solar fields, CSP technology and specially solar trough Collector (STC) configuration which may have effect on overall performance of Solar thermal power plant (STPP) are used. Thus, performance analysis of these configurations is vital in order to identify their performance uncertainties and weakness. This paper studies and analysis the performance of three types of STC configuration used in most experimental and non conmmercial plants, using Matlab software and analytical approach. The results shows that for the same modules number, 5Loops configuration has higher performance with energy efficiency of 32.75%, exergy efficiency of 32.07% and lowest coefficient of performance for cooling of 0.5751, followed by 10-SCAs configuration, and 15-SCAs configuration has the lowest performance with energy efficiency of 26.45%, exergy efficiency of 25.91%, and highest coefficient of performance of cooling (COPc) of 0.7706. This study is important for identifying the performance uncertainties of various STC configurations using indirect stem generation (ISG) and selecting the most optimal configuration for small size plant in order to maximize the utilization of solar energy in CSP systems. © 2017. The Authors

of energy sources

With a young and growing population, low per capita electricity consumption, rapid urbanization and-until recently-strong economic growth, Turkey for nearly two decades has been one of the fastest growing power markets in the world. Prior to Turkey's recent severe economic difficulties, Turkey's electricity consumption had been growing much faster than its production. It forces Turkey make a rapid action to supply electricity demand. Installed power generation capacity in Turkey reached about 31.84 GW in 2002. However, the growth in electricity generation has remained below the electricity demand, which made Turkey a net importer of electricity since, 1996. Projections show that Turkey's electricity consumption would continue over the next 15 years. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

DETERMINATION OF SOME THERMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS FOR A HYBRID

In this paper, we undertake a study to investigate the performance of a hybrid photovoltaic-hydrogen system through energy and exergy efficiencies, improvement potential. This will help identify the irreversibilities (exergy destructions) for performance improvement purposes. Energetic and exergetic renewability ratios are also introduced for grid dependent hybrid energy systems. A case Study is presented to highlight the importance of the thermodynamic parameters and show them using some actual and theoretical data. Three different energy demand options from photovoltaic panels to the consumer are identified and considered for the analysis. The minimum and maximum overall energy and exergy efficiencies of the system are calculated based on these options. It is found that the overall energy efficiency values of the system vary between 0.88% and 9.7% while minimum and maximum overall exergy efficiency values of the system are 0.77% and 9.3%, respectively. The monthly improvement potential of the system is also Studied to investigate the seasonal performance

Design and Open Loop Control of a Spherical Motor

In this study, a spherical motor, consisting of a spherical rotor and a spherical magnet-stator with a simple coil and soft iron, is mentioned and designed. 3D magnetic analyses of the designed motor are conducted, and its open loop control is done by 16F877 PIC microcontroller