Characteristics of <i>G. rubens</i> calling songs (<i>n</i> = 25) on which the parameters of the test stimulus were based.

<p>Calling songs of field-caught <i>G. rubens</i> males were recorded in the laboratory at 23±1°C. See the main text for recording and song analysis procedures.</p

The best models for positive phonotactic (a; -2 Res Log Pseudo-likelihood = 3143.73, Generalized chi-square = 341.47, Generalized chi-square/<i>df</i> = 0.59) and acoustic (b; -2 Res Log Pseudo-likelihood = 2916.42, Generalized chi-square = 422.65, Generalized chi-square/<i>df</i> = 0.73) responses determined by a generalized linear mixed model with forward selection.

<p>The best models for positive phonotactic (a; -2 Res Log Pseudo-likelihood  = 3143.73, Generalized chi-square  = 341.47, Generalized chi-square/<i>df</i>  = 0.59) and acoustic (b; -2 Res Log Pseudo-likelihood  = 2916.42, Generalized chi-square  = 422.65, Generalized chi-square/<i>df</i>  = 0.73) responses determined by a generalized linear mixed model with forward selection.</p

Result of the analysis of variance to test for variation in properties of acoustic responses over three age classes and four intensity levels.

<p>Response variables were pulse rate, pulse duration, trill rate, trill duration, and carrier frequency (<i>n</i> = 96).</p

Distributions of song characters produced in the playback experiment (<i>n</i> = 96).

<p>In the top panel (A), pulse rate is plotted against pulse duration, and in the middle panel (B), trill rate is plotted against trill duration. Rectangular areas in both panels represent the ranges of respective characters in calling songs of field-caught males (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0016063#pone-0016063-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>). The box plot in the bottom panel (C) shows the distribution of carrier frequency of songs produced in the playback experiment. Top, middle, and bottom lines of the boxes indicate quartiles, and the upper and lower whiskers indicate 90th and 10th percentiles, respectively. X denotes an outlier. The vertical bar represents the range of carrier frequency in calling songs of field-caught populations (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0016063#pone-0016063-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>).</p

Contingency table of positive phonotactic and acoustic responses across three age classes and four intensity levels in the playback experiments.

<p>Results of the macropterous and micropterous individuals were combined (<i>n</i> = 49 males). See text for description of behaviors.</p

Proportions of positive phonotaxis (A) and acoustic response (B) toward the test stimulus in the playback experiment.

<p>At a given age, males were tested with four intensity levels (0 dB SPL  = 20<i> µ</i>Pa) over a two-day trial period (<i>n</i> = 49 males and 579 trials). See text for experimental methods.</p

Univariate GLM with <i>Bd</i> infection as the dependent variable to assess the effect of the 6 variables collected on the <i>Bd</i> infection status.

<p>Temp. (3 mo) and Rain (3 mo) denote temperature and precipitation for three months prior to sampling.</p

Contingency table for occurrences of <i>Dryophytes suweonensis</i> and <i>Lithobates catesbeianus</i> throughout the range of <i>D</i>. <i>suweonensis</i>.

<p>The expected counts are the value expected if there were no relationship between the occurrence of <i>D</i>. <i>suweonensis</i> and <i>L</i>. <i>catesbeianus</i>.</p

Sampling sites and occurrences of frogs for the <i>Bd</i> surveys.

<p>Sampling for <i>Bd</i> infection was conducted at 37 sites throughout the range of <i>Dryophytes suweonensis</i> in Republic of Korea. The unit used for “Bullfrog” is the binary encoded prevalence, and the number of individuals for “<i>Ds</i>” and “<i>Dj</i>”.</p

Summary map of sites sampled for both parts of this study.

<p>Description of the range of <i>Dryophytes suweonensis</i>, sites where the species was detected, sites where <i>Lithobates catesbeianus</i> was detected and sites where sampling for <i>Bd</i> sampling was conducted. This map was generated with ArcMap 9.3 (Environmental Systems Resource Institute, Redlands, California, USA; <a href="http://www.esri.com/" target="_blank">http://www.esri.com/</a>).</p