Design of Melamine Sponge-Based Three-Dimensional Porous Materials toward Applications

Due to the low density, high porosity, three-dimensional (3D) pore structure, high nitrogen content, and excellent mechanical properties, melamine sponge (MS) has been widely used as the main building block to design and obtain 3D porous materials. Moreover, N-doped porous carbon foam can be formed via a simple carbonization of MS, thus making such carbon foam also an ideal carbon material used either directly or as support to load other materials. So far, many studies have been reported on the modification of MS, carbonized MS, and MS-based composite materials in various applications including oil/water separation, water disinfection, adsorption, fire resistance, electrochemistry, strain/stress sensor, catalysis, and so on. In this Review, structure design of such MS-based materials and modification methods are summarized and discussed, and the obstacles and suggestions for how to design and synthesize such materials with better performance are provided, aiming to promote the wide application of MS in various fields

Additional file 1 of GSH-responsive degradable nanodrug for glucose metabolism intervention and induction of ferroptosis to enhance magnetothermal anti-tumor therapy

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Representative TEM images of LFMP. Figure S2. T2-weighted MR imaging (A) and transverse relaxivity (r2) of LFMP was examined by a clinical 3.0 T MR imaging device with a T2 mapping sequence (B). The quantitative assay was performed by measuring the intensity of MR images using ImageJ software (C). Data shown as mean ± SD, n = 5, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Figure S3. Biocompatibility of different concentrations of LFMP in blood for 4 h. H2O as positive control, 0.9% NaCl as negative control. Figure S4. Representative TEM images of biodegradation behavior of LFMP in PBS solution ([GSH] = 10 mM) for 10 days (scale bar = 50 μm). Figure S5. Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of LND (A), FMP (B), FMP + AMF (B), LFMP (C), and LFMP + AMF(C) in EMT-6 cells. The data are presented as the mean ± SD, n = 6. Figure S6. Combination index plot for drug combination of LND and FMP. Figure S7. TUNEL staining and the corresponding proportion of TUNEL positive cells of tumor sections after the survival experiment (Scale bar = 100 μm). The data was shown as mean ± SD, n = 6 per group, ***p < 0.001. Figure S8. Blood biochemical indexes and hematology parameters of the mice with different treatments. The data are presented as the mean ± SD, n = 6. Table S1. Physicochemical properties of FM and LFMP. Table S2. Hydrodynamic diameter distributions and Zeta potential of LFMP in different solutions. Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 6

Forest plots of the association of PM2.5 with CVD.

CAD: coronary artery disease; MI: myocardial infarction; HF: heart failure; AF: atrial fibrillation; IS: ischemic stroke; HTN: hypertension. (TIF)</p

STORBE-MR checklist.

BackgroundAccording to epidemiological studies, particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, making causal inferences is difficult due to the methodological constraints of observational studies. In this study, we used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal relationship between PM 2.5 and the risk of CVD.MethodsGenome-wide association study (GWAS) statistics for PM2.5 and CVD were collected from the FinnGen and UK Biobanks. Mendelian randomization analyses were applied to explore the causal effects of PM2.5 on CVD by selecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) as instrumental variables.ResultsThe results revealed that a causal effect was observed between PM2.5 and coronary artery disease(IVW: OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.35, 3.14), and hypertension(IVW: OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.03, 1.12). On the contrary, no causal effect was observed between PM2.5 and myocardial infarction(IVW: OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.44, 1.22), heart failure(IVW: OR 1.54, 95% CI 0.96, 2.47), atrial fibrillation(IVW: OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.71, 1.48), and ischemic stroke (IS)(IVW: OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.54, 1.77).ConclusionWe discovered that there is a causal link between PM2.5 and coronary artery disease and hypertension in the European population, using MR methods. Our discovery may have the significance of public hygiene to improve the understanding of air quality and CVD risk.</div

SNPs of PM2.5 with statistically significant threshold.

SNPs of PM2.5 with statistically significant threshold.</p

Scatter plots of the association of PM2.5 with CVD.

CAD: coronary artery disease; MI: myocardial infarction; HF: heart failure; AF: atrial fibrillation; IS: ischemic stroke; HTN: hypertension. (TIF)</p

Fabrication of Magnetic Fe3O4 Nanotubes by Electrospinning

Fabrication of Magnetic Fe3O4 Nanotubes by Electrospinnin

Causal associations between PM2.5 and CVD.

CAD: coronary artery disease; MI: myocardial infarction; HF: heart failure; AF: atrial fibrillation; IS: ischemic stroke; HTN: hypertension.</p

The leave-one-out sensitivity analysis of PM2.5 with CVD.

CAD: coronary artery disease; MI: myocardial infarction; HF: heart failure; AF: atrial fibrillation; IS: ischemic stroke; HTN: hypertension. (TIF)</p

Basic information about the GWAS database of the exposure and outcomes.

Basic information about the GWAS database of the exposure and outcomes.</p