Методика определения площади листовой поверхности льна масличного (Linum usitatissimum L.) на основе методов обработки и анализа изображений

Ru: Формирование высокого урожая сельскохозяйственных растений является результатом фотосинтеза, в процессе которого из простых веществ образуются богатые энергией сложные и разнообразные по химическомусоставу органические соединения. Как известно, интенсивность накопления органических веществ зависит от величины листовой поверхности, которая определяется биометрическими параметрами растений и существенно зависит от режима их питания, а также продолжительности активной деятельности листьев. Встатье изложенырезультаты научных исследований по изучениюфотосинтетической деятельности растений льна масличного в Степи Украины. Авторами предложена методика по определению площади листовой поверхности льна масличного, которая заключается в фотографировании листовой пластины и обработке полученных графических файлов с помощью специального программного обеспечения. Изложены результаты сравнительной оценки существующих методов определения площади листовой поверхности на примере льна масличного. Выявлено преимущество использования методов компьютерного зрения перед другими известными методиками. En: Formation of high yields of agricultural crops is the result of photosynthesis, the process in which simple substances turn into energetically rich and complex organic compounds varying in their chemical composition. It is well known that the intensity of organic substances accumulation depends on the size of leaf surface, which is defined by the biometric parameters of plants and largely depends on their nutrition regime and also on the duration of leaf activity period. This paper presents the results of scientific investigations on the photosynthetic activity of linseed plants in the Steppe of Ukraine. The authors proposed a method to determine the leaf surface area of linseed, which consists of photographing leaf lamina and processing the obtained graphic files using a special software. The results of comparative assessment of the existing methods for determining leaf surface area on the example of linseed are presented. The advantage of using the methods of computer vision compared to other known methods was highlighted

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) productivity under the effect of plant growth regulator in the conditions of insufficient moisture

It is shown that the use of plant growth regulators of antioxidant action for presowing treatment of oilseed crops can both oppress and stimulate germination processes. The plant growth regulator caused the activation of the growth process, which was particularly manifested through the height of plants and stem diameter. The increase in the leaf surface area of the crop by 39.3 % was defined by plant growth regulator and greatly depended on rainfall (r = 0.999) during the period of 00 65 on BBCH scale. Medium correlation (r = 0.588) was determined between rainfall in the phase of rapid growth and inflorescence diameter. Growth regulator affected the yield of sunflower significantly the share of a factor in the formation of yield was 32.7 %. The share of the impact of water deficit was 58.4 % on average over the years of research. Pollen fertility and seed emptiness of sunflower depended on relative humidity during flowering – r = 0.990 for the control plants and r = 0.973 in case of AKM application. The weight of 1000 seeds increased under PGR action by an average of 17 33 % depending on the zone of the inflorescence. In general, hybrids and plant growth regulator as researched factors significantly affect the yield of sunflower but the proportion of influence of hybrid (factor A) (85.1 %) is significantly higher than that of the impact of PGR (factor B) (7.5 %). This should be considered when developing anti-stress techniques in technologies of sunflower cultivation in the Steppe zone of Ukraine. Correlation of high strength was found between leaf surface area and rainfall (BBCH - 00-65) for all of hybrids (r = 0.868 – 0.996). AKM showed the greatest influence on the yield of sunflower plants of Zubr and Forvard hybrids, where fluctuation was within 14.3 - 31.3