Investigation on the Determinants of Turkish Export-Boom in 2000s

This paper investigates the causes of Turkish export-boom after 2000 in the manufacturing sector. We mainly concentrate on cost and productivity aspects of the production in the manufacturing sector. Effects of productivity, wage and exchange rate are analyzed in the framework of the augmented unit labor cost model. Following the Edwards and Golub (2004) paper we use the dynamic panel data techniques for the analysis. In addition, the importance of the above mentioned factors is examined for the rising and declining sectors. We find that manufacturing export is negatively related to the unit labor cost (ULC). Decomposition of ULC into its two components also shows that an improvement in productivity increases export while an increase in nominal wages decreases it. We also find that nominal wage is an important factor in the declining sectors while productivity is the stimulus in rising sectors.Manufacturing export; unit labor cost; wage; productivity; real effective exchange rate

The Competitiveness of Turkey with Respect to the Slovak Republic for the 1995-1999 Period

This paper examines Turkey’s international cost competitiveness in manufacturing with respect to the Slovak Republic, and quantitatively investigates the relationship between Turkish cost competitiveness and the exports of manufactured goods at an industry level. The Relative Unit Labor Cost (RULC) measure and dynamic panel data techniques are employed for this analysis. We find that Turkey is not competitive with respect to Slovakia for the 1995-1999 period. The Competitiveness of Slovakia mainly depends on its relatively higher level of labor productivity.Manufacturing export; competitiveness; relative unit labor cost; wage; productivity

Molecular Basis of Sugar Sensing in Drosophila

In contrast to mammals, which sense sweet tasting molecules through a single, dimeric sugar taste receptor, Drosophila melanogaster use at least eight sugar gustatory receptor (Gr) proteins to recognize a range of dietary sugars. We showed that the sugar Gr genes are expressed in partially overlapping fashion in the single sweet gustatory receptor neuron (GRN) to generate at least 8 different subtypes and that sugar receptors heteromultimeric complexes. We used a combinatorial strategy to examine the composition of functional sugar receptors using an “empty neuron” system that is based on an octuple mutant fly strain lacking all eight sugar Gr genes. By expressing all 28 possible pairwise Gr gene combinations in the “empty neuron” that express the Ca^2+ sensitive GCaMP6 protein, we find that 18 of these combinations can reconstitute sugar responses to a subset of sugars. Remarkably, each of these combinations restores responses to wild type levels to at least one of the eight sugars that we tested, and some combinations restored high responses to two or three sugars. Some of these combinations were able to convey sugar responses to bitter GRNs when expressed under the control of the GAL4 driver for the bitter receptor Gr33a, indicating that bitter and sweet GRNs use the same signaling mechanism. To explore the possibility whether sugar receptor complexes are composed of more than two different subunits, we introduced triple combinations of sugar Gr genes in the “empty neuron”. For two of the four different triple combinations, response profile revealed new sugar responses not observed with any of the three respective pairwise combinations, suggesting that for at least some sugars, functional complexes are likely to contain three different Gr subunits. Taken together, our analysis reveals that sweet GRNs of wild type flies might have more than 20 different sugar receptor complexes, each tuned to subsets of sugars

Examining Life Satisfaction Levels of Teachers Working in Special Education Institutions in Terms of Some Variables

This study aims to examine life satisfaction levels of teachers working in special education institutions in terms of some variables. The study was carried out with 378 teachers working in 18 special education schools of Istanbul Provincial Directorate of National Education in 2017-2018 Academic Year. Survey model was used in the study. In order to collect the data, Satisfaction with Life Scale, which was developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen and Griffin (1985), and which was adapted into Turkish by Dağlı and Baysal (2016), were used. Data were analyzed with SPSS program and T-Test and One-Way Anova were applied. According to the results of the study, a significant difference was revealed in favor of female teachers in terms of gender; and in terms of branch variable in favor of the teachers who were graduated from special education field. No significant differences were observed in terms of the support received from colleagues, the support received from managers, salary and age variables

PERSPECTIVES OF TEACHER CANDIDATES REGARDING THE IMPACT OF THE MEDIA ON VALUES

The research aims to determine the opinions of teacher candidates regarding the media's influence on values education. The research was carried out within the structure of a case study which is one of the qualitative research methods. The research study group is composed of 64 teacher candidates studying at the Faculty of Education at Atatürk University, Primary Education Department, Classroom Education Branch. A descriptive analysis technique was used to analyze the data. As a result of interviews with the teacher candidates, it was concluded that the media has a negative and positive impact on values and it is essential to have value-oriented programs, media surveillance, representing a model, and introducing our regions when providing values education through the media. Television and the internet are the most effective media tools to express values and it is crucial to raise awareness and being selective for media to have a positive effect on value achievement. The recommendations for media strategies in value transfer may be realized by raising awareness, paying attention to the social structure, being impartial, applying surveillance, having shows for children, and adapting to the change

A bibliometric analysis of the articles about values education

This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the articles about values education in the Web of Science database. To this end, analyzes were provided of 254 articles deemed suitable for the analysis from the articles collected from the database. Bibliometric analysis was performed for the most used keywords, the most used words in the abstract, the most cited authors, the most cited countries, the most cited journals about values education via the VOSviewer program. Furthermore, the articles' publication years and languages were identified. Values education, values, education, moral education are the most used keywords. Data, level, and program are the most commonly used words in the abstract. The most cited writers (co-citation) in values education are Lovat, Thornberg and Kohlberg. According to both co-citation and citation analysis of the most cited journal, it is the Journal of Moral Education. The countries that are most cited are the United States, Australia, and England. Even though the first study in this field was conducted in 1970, the majority of researches were performed in 2019. The publication language of the articles has been discovered to be predominantly English. It is assumed that the findings obtained would provide the researchers with a general framework in this field. Suggestions for further studies are brought in as a result of the study

Turkish Native Language Identification

In this paper, we present the first application of Native Language Identification (NLI) for the Turkish language. NLI involves predicting the writer's first language by analysing their writing in different languages. While most NLI research has focused on English, our study extends its scope to Turkish. We used the recently constructed Turkish Learner Corpus and employed a combination of three syntactic features (CFG production rules, part-of-speech n-grams, and function words) with L2 texts to demonstrate their effectiveness in this task

Exploring Linguistic Features for Turkish Text Readability

This paper presents the first comprehensive study on automatic readability assessment of Turkish texts. We combine state-of-the-art neural network models with linguistic features at lexical, morphosyntactic, syntactic and discourse levels to develop an advanced readability tool. We evaluate the effectiveness of traditional readability formulas compared to modern automated methods and identify key linguistic features that determine the readability of Turkish texts