20 research outputs found
Zeta potential of SNC<sub>H2SO4,7</sub> (gray color) and SNC<sub>HCl,7</sub> (white color) suspensions at pH 6.5 and 10.6 placed for 2 h and 48 h, respectively.
<p>Data are represented as the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3).</p
Surface functional group composition as obtained from the deconvolution of the C 1
a<p>The binding energy for each signal is given with variation seen between different sample.</p
Formation of sulfate esters and adsorption of formic and levulinic acids on the surface of SNC (a: Formation of sulfate ester, b: adsorption of formic and levulinic acids).
<p>Formation of sulfate esters and adsorption of formic and levulinic acids on the surface of SNC (a: Formation of sulfate ester, b: adsorption of formic and levulinic acids).</p
Elemental surface composition (atomic %) and oxygen to carbon ratio of starch, HCl- and H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>-hydrolyzed SNC.
<p>Elemental surface composition (atomic %) and oxygen to carbon ratio of starch, HCl- and H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>-hydrolyzed SNC.</p
The high-resolution C 1 s deconvoluted XPS spectra of (a) WMS, (b) SNC<sub>H2SO4,3</sub>, (c) SNC<sub>H2SO4,7</sub>, (d) SNC<sub>HCl,7</sub>.
<p>The high-resolution C 1 s deconvoluted XPS spectra of (a) WMS, (b) SNC<sub>H2SO4,3</sub>, (c) SNC<sub>H2SO4,7</sub>, (d) SNC<sub>HCl,7</sub>.</p
General XPS spectra of (a) WMS, (b) SNC<sub>H2SO4,3</sub>, (c) SNC<sub>H2SO4,7</sub>, and (d) SNC<sub>HCl,7</sub>.
<p>General XPS spectra of (a) WMS, (b) SNC<sub>H2SO4,3</sub>, (c) SNC<sub>H2SO4,7</sub>, and (d) SNC<sub>HCl,7</sub>.</p
FT-IR spectra of (a) WMS, (b) SNC<sub>H2SO4,3</sub>, (c) SNC<sub>H2SO4,7</sub>, and (d) SNC<sub>HCl,7</sub>.
<p>FT-IR spectra of (a) WMS, (b) SNC<sub>H2SO4,3</sub>, (c) SNC<sub>H2SO4,7</sub>, and (d) SNC<sub>HCl,7</sub>.</p
The high-resolution S 2p deconvoluted XPS spectra of (e) WMS, (f) SNC<sub>H2SO4,3</sub>, (g) SNC<sub>H2SO4,7</sub>, and (h) SNC<sub>HCl,7</sub>.
<p>The high-resolution S 2p deconvoluted XPS spectra of (e) WMS, (f) SNC<sub>H2SO4,3</sub>, (g) SNC<sub>H2SO4,7</sub>, and (h) SNC<sub>HCl,7</sub>.</p
TEM pictures and sedimentation properties of HCl (a and b) and H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (c and d) hydrolyzed SNC suspensions after 2 h and 48 h.
<p>TEM pictures and sedimentation properties of HCl (a and b) and H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (c and d) hydrolyzed SNC suspensions after 2 h and 48 h.</p
XRD patterns of native and freezing/thawing-treated waxy rice starches.
<p>XRD patterns of native and freezing/thawing-treated waxy rice starches.</p