Additional file 1: Figure S1. of One-Pot Method for Multifunctional Yolk Structured Nanocomposites with N-doped Carbon Shell Using Polydopamine as Precursor

The TEM images of core–shell Au@SiO2@Pdop (a, b) and Au@void@C(c, d) in the ratio of ethanol and water(10:1). Figure S2. The SEM imagines of Au(a,b), Au@SiO2@Pdop(c,d), Au@void@C(e,f). Figure S3. ln (C/C0) versus time for the reduction of MB. Figure S4. The SEM imagines of Fe3O4@SiO2@Pdop(a,b), Fe3O4@void@C(c,d), CNTs@Fe3O4@SiO2@Pdop(e,f), CNTs@Fe3O4@void@C(g,h), α-Fe2O3@SiO2@Pdop(I,j), α-Fe2O3@void@C(k,l), Ag@SiO2@Pdop(m,n), Ag@void@C(o,p) at different magnetification. Figure S5 The TEM imagines of Fe3O4@SiO2@Pdop(a), Fe3O4@void@C(b), α-Fe2O3@SiO2@Pdop(c), α-Fe2O3@void@C(d), CNTs@Fe3O4@SiO2@Pdop(e), CNTs@Fe3O4@void@C(f), Ag@SiO2@Pdop(g), Ag@void@C(h) at higher magnetification. (DOCX 1310 kb

Synthesis and Characterization of Bis‑<i>N</i>‑2-Aryl Triazole as a Fluorophore

Naphthalene-bridged bis-triazole (NBT) complexes were prepared and characterized for investigation of their photophysical properties. Unlike our previously reported <i>N</i>-2-aryl triazoles, which gave strong emissions through the planar intramolecular charge transfer mechanism (coplanar conformation), this newly developed NBT adopted a noncoplanar conformation between triazole and naphthalene, achieving fluorescence through twisted intramolecular charge transfer

Ambient Intermolecular [2 + 2] Cycloaddition: An Example of Carbophilicity and Oxophilicity Competition in Au/Ag Catalysis

The gold-catalyzed intermolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition of propargyl esters was achieved with good stereoselectivity. The “silver-free” condition was critical for this transformation, while only a trace amount of [2 + 2] products were formed in the presence of silver under otherwise identical conditions

Uptake Pathway, Translocation, and Isomerization of Hexabromocyclododecane Diastereoisomers by Wheat in Closed Chambers

To study the uptake pathways of 3 main hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers (α-, β-, and γ-HBCDs) in wheat, four closed chambers were designed to expose wheat to HBCDs via air and/or soil for 4 weeks. The results showed that HBCDs could be absorbed by wheat both via root from soil and via leaf from air. The <i>R</i>_t values (ratio of HBCDs from root-to-leaf translocation to the total accumulation in leaves) ranging from 14.4 to 29.8% suggested that acropetal translocation within wheat was limited. A negative linear relationship was found between log <i>R</i>_t and log <i>K</i>_ow of the HBCD diastereoisomers (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The bioconcentration factors (BCFs, (μg/g wheat tissues)/(μg/g soil)) were in the order α- > β- > γ-HBCD in wheat roots and stems, being negatively related to their <i>K</i>_ow values. No such correlation was found in leaves, where the HBCDs came mainly from air distribution. The results of enantiomeric fractions indicated that the (−)-enantiomer of α- and γ-HBCDs and the (+)-β-enantiomer were selectively accumulated. Furthermore, β- and γ-HBCDs were transformed to α-HBCD in the wheat, with 0.309–4.80% and 0.920–8.40% bioisomerization efficiencies at the end of the experiment, respectively, being the highest in leaves. Additionally, no isomerization product from α-HBCD was found

Photothermal Coupling Factor Achieving CO₂ Reduction Based on Palladium-Nanoparticle-Loaded TiO₂

Solar fuels have attracted great interest as an alternative use for solar energy. However, the challenges are high temperatures and low solar utilization for thermochemical and photochemical conversion methods, respectively. To lower the temperature in thermochemistry and increase solar energy utilization, a photothermochemical cycle (PTC) has been reported for carbon dioxide (CO₂) reduction and improved by palladium-nanoparticle-loaded TiO₂ (PNT). A maximum and stable carbon monoxide (CO) production of 11.05 μmol/(h g) is demonstrated using 1.0PNT, which is 8.27× the CO produced by P25 in the PTC. The PNT can enhance light utilization by a red-shifted photoresponse range and visible light absorbance of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs). Photoinduced electron and hole pairs (EHPs) could be more readily separated. More available charge carriers would induce more photoinduced vacancies in the photoreaction, which serve a key role in the PTC. Additionally, Pd can promote CO₂ absorbance to form Pd-CO₂^– and Pd-CO₂^–-V_O on the defective surface in the thermal reaction. Finally, CO production can be enhanced by a photothermal coupling factor, and a reaction mechanism is proposed for the complete cycle on the basis of both theoretical calculations and experiments

Photothermal Coupling Factor Achieving CO₂ Reduction Based on Palladium-Nanoparticle-Loaded TiO₂

Solar fuels have attracted great interest as an alternative use for solar energy. However, the challenges are high temperatures and low solar utilization for thermochemical and photochemical conversion methods, respectively. To lower the temperature in thermochemistry and increase solar energy utilization, a photothermochemical cycle (PTC) has been reported for carbon dioxide (CO₂) reduction and improved by palladium-nanoparticle-loaded TiO₂ (PNT). A maximum and stable carbon monoxide (CO) production of 11.05 μmol/(h g) is demonstrated using 1.0PNT, which is 8.27× the CO produced by P25 in the PTC. The PNT can enhance light utilization by a red-shifted photoresponse range and visible light absorbance of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs). Photoinduced electron and hole pairs (EHPs) could be more readily separated. More available charge carriers would induce more photoinduced vacancies in the photoreaction, which serve a key role in the PTC. Additionally, Pd can promote CO₂ absorbance to form Pd-CO₂^– and Pd-CO₂^–-V_O on the defective surface in the thermal reaction. Finally, CO production can be enhanced by a photothermal coupling factor, and a reaction mechanism is proposed for the complete cycle on the basis of both theoretical calculations and experiments

Pyrolysis Characteristics and Evolution of Char Structure during Pulverized Coal Pyrolysis in Drop Tube Furnace: Influence of Temperature

The aim of the presented work was to investigate the pyrolysis behavior of pulverized coal in a drop tube furnace (DTF), two typical Chinese coals Shenhua bituminous and Pingzhuang lignite were used to conduct the pyrolysis experiment in DTF under the temperature of 600–1000 °C (100 °C increments). Fourier transform infrared analysis technique was used to analyze the functional groups in pyrolysis coal char, and pyrolysis gas was measured online by an online flue gas analyzer. The results showed that pyrolysis in DTF was also a dehydration upgrading process, increasing temperature caused more volatiles released from coal. There were more H₂ and CO, but less CO₂ and CH₄ in pyrolysis gas when the temperature was rising. Compared to bituminous, lignite was more sensitive to the changes of coal pyrolysis temperature, and more valuable combustible gases could be obtained from lignite in DTF with less thermal power cost. From infrared analysis results, after the pyrolysis process in DTF, the aromatic structure in coal char increased, apparent aromaticity and coal rank improved, unsaturated bonds in coal decreased, and coal char structure became more stable and mature. Because of the hydrophilic oxygen-containing groups lost after pyrolysis in DTF, the dried coal char had a good ability for reducing moisture reabsorption

Identification of Blood Let-7e-5p as a Biomarker for Ischemic Stroke

<div><p>Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as novel disease biomarkers. Using a miRNA microarray, we previously showed that the whole blood level of let-7e-5p was significantly higher in ischemic stroke patients than in control subjects. However, the association between let-7e-5p expression and the occurrence of ischemic stroke remains unknown. In this study, we validated the expression levels of let-7e-5p in two case-control populations using miRNA TaqMan assays and further investigated the potential targets of let-7e-5p. The results suggest that the blood level of let-7e-5p was significantly higher in patients with ischemic stroke than in controls (p<0.05). Higher levels of let-7e-5p were associated with increased occurrence of ischemic stroke (adjusted OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.61~2.21, p<0.001) in the combined population. The addition of let-7e-5p to traditional risk factors led to an improvement in the area under the curve, which increased from 0.74 (95% CI, 0.70~0.78) to 0.82 (95% CI, 0.78~0.85), with a net reclassification improvement of 16.76% (p<0.0001) and an integrated discrimination improvement of 0.10 (p<0.0001) for patients with ischemic stroke. Bioinformatics prediction and cell experiments suggested that the expression levels of four genes enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway were down-regulated by let-7e-5p transfection. Specifically, the expression levels of the genes CASP3 and NLK were significantly lower in ischemic stroke patients than in controls and were negatively correlated with let-7e-5p expression. In summary, our study suggests the potential use of blood let-7e-5p as a biomarker for ischemic stroke and indicates its involvement in the related pathomechanism.</p></div

Association of the expression level of let-7e-5p with ischemic stroke.

<p>Association of the expression level of let-7e-5p with ischemic stroke.</p

AUC, NRI, and IDI calculations for let-7e-5p in the combined population.

<p>AUC, NRI, and IDI calculations for let-7e-5p in the combined population.</p