The quasi-isomorphism class of the Kakimizu complex

Additional file 4. Upstream regulators analysis using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis for the HR and LR vaccinated pigs. As described in material and methods section the expression dataset for HR and LR pigs were analysed independently with Fisher’s exact test. To create this dataset, activation z-score| ≥2 for HR and LR pigs were generated and ranked from the highest to the lowest. Data were considered significant with P value < 0.05 and ¦activation Z-score| ≥2. The activation z-score was used to infer the state of activation of upstream regulators based on a comparison with a model that assigns random regulations. Target molecules are shown for each upstream regulator

LDA-Promoted Synthesis of 3‑Amino Furans by Selective Lithiation of Enaminones

An efficient cascade β-metalation/addition/cyclization reaction promoted by LDA is described in which 3-amino furans were constructed from enaminones and aldehydes. A broad range of substituents on the starting compounds was tolerated, and the polysubstituted furans were gained with moderate to excellent yields within 2 h

Predicting Soil Salinity with Vis–NIR Spectra after Removing the Effects of Soil Moisture Using External Parameter Orthogonalization

<div><p>Robust models for predicting soil salinity that use visible and near-infrared (vis–NIR) reflectance spectroscopy are needed to better quantify soil salinity in agricultural fields. Currently available models are not sufficiently robust for variable soil moisture contents. Thus, we used external parameter orthogonalization (EPO), which effectively projects spectra onto the subspace orthogonal to unwanted variation, to remove the variations caused by an external factor, e.g., the influences of soil moisture on spectral reflectance. In this study, 570 spectra between 380 and 2400 nm were obtained from soils with various soil moisture contents and salt concentrations in the laboratory; 3 soil types × 10 salt concentrations × 19 soil moisture levels were used. To examine the effectiveness of EPO, we compared the partial least squares regression (PLSR) results established from spectra with and without EPO correction. The EPO method effectively removed the effects of moisture, and the accuracy and robustness of the soil salt contents (SSCs) prediction model, which was built using the EPO-corrected spectra under various soil moisture conditions, were significantly improved relative to the spectra without EPO correction. This study contributes to the removal of soil moisture effects from soil salinity estimations when using vis–NIR reflectance spectroscopy and can assist others in quantifying soil salinity in the future.</p></div

Epigenetic modifications of Aurora A expression by T1 treatment in breast cancer cells.

<p>A: Effect of the demethylating agent 5′-Azacytine (5-AZA) or the histone deacetylase inhibitor sodium butyrate (SB) treatment on Aurora A gene expression in MCF-7 cells; B: Identification of histone H3 acetylation level of DNA promoter areas in Aurora A gene that are associated with overexpression of Aurora A gene in MCF-7 cells by CHIP; C: Effects of T1 treatment (3<b> </b>µM) on acetylation levels of histone 3 of Aurora A gene by CHIP; D: Effects of SB (1 mM) treatment on the activity of T1 in inhibiting the growth of MCF-7 cells; E: Scheme showing the CHIP primer locations for Aurora A gene. Values were mean±SEM of three independent experiments in triplicates. Within the panel, the value with a letter is significantly different from that of the corresponding control (a, p<0.05; b, p<0.01), and the values with a “*” are significantly different (*, P<0.05).</p

Effects of T1 on apoptosis of breast cancer cells and protein levels of apoptosis-related biomarkers (48h).

<p>A: Effects of T1 on the proportion of DNA fragmentation (sub-G₀), a marker of apoptosis, in MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 cell lines. Values were mean±SEM of at least two independent experiments, each in duplicates; B: The representative Western blot images showing the effects of T1 on protein levels of apoptosis related biomarkers PARP, c-PARP, bcl2 and bax; C: Quantitation of c-PARP protein levels in MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 by densitometry after normalization to β-actin. The images for quantitation were from at least two independent experiments. Within the panel, the value with a letter was significantly different from that of the corresponding control, a, p<0.05; b, p<0.01; c, p<0.001.</p

The dose-dependent effects of CT

<p>(<b>A</b>)<b>, T2A</b> (<b>B</b>) <b>and T1</b> (<b>C</b>) <b>on the growth of human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB231, SKBR3 and MDA-MB453) and on normal mammary epithelial cells (HMEC)</b> (<b>D</b>)<b>.</b> Values were mean±SEM of at least three independent experiments, each in triplicates.</p

Effects of Aurora A knockdown on the T1 activities in growth and apoptosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

<p>A: Western blot analysis showing knockdown of Aurora A protein level in MCF-7 cells by Aurora A siRNA; B: Effect of Aurora A knockdown on the growth-inhibition activity of T1; C: Effect of Aurora A knockdown on the apoptosis-induction activity of T1. Values were mean±SEM of three independent experiments in duplicates. Within the panel, the value with a letter was significantly different from that of the corresponding control (c, p<0.001), and the values with a “*” are significantly different (**, P<0.01; ***, P<0.001).</p

Original reflectance spectra of the three base soils.

<p>Original reflectance spectra of the three base soils.</p

Parameters of the PLSR calibration model.

<p>Parameters of the PLSR calibration model.</p

Effects of tanshinones on survivin and Aurora A protein levels in breast cancer cells (48 h).

<p>A: Representative western blot images showing survivin and Aurora A protein levels in breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB231, SKBR3, MDA-MB453) following tanshinone treatments with β-actin as the loading control; B and C: Quantitation of Aurora A (B) and survivin (C) protein levels by densitometry after normalization to β-actin. Values were mean±SEM of three independent experiments in duplicates. The images for quantitation were from at least two independent experiments. Within the panel, the value with a letter was significantly different from that of the corresponding control, a, p<0.05; b, p<0.01; c, p<0.001.</p