New angular oxazole-fused coumarin derivatives: synthesis and biological activities

<p>Twelve angular oxazole-fused coumarin derivatives were designed, synthesised and characterised by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and HRMS. The structure of compound <b>4a</b> was further confirmed by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The bioassay experiment results indicated that compounds <b>4f</b> and <b>4l</b> have high antifungal activity on the mycelium growth of 4 plant disease fungi. Especially, compound <b>4l</b> has a stronger antifungal activity compare to the commercial fungicide, Carbendazim. The herbicidal activity experiment showed that <b>4a</b> and <b>4b</b> can significantly inhibit the taproot and caulis development of <i>Chenopodium album</i> seedling and have better activities than the commercial herbicide, Acetochlor.</p

Immunohistochemical staining of AGEs in the hippocampus and cortex.

<p>Mice were injected (i.p.) with Rib at dose of 2 g/kg, or Glc at dose of 2 g/kg, or 0.9% saline (controls) for 30 days. AGEs in the mouse brain were detected by immunohistochemistry using anti-AGEs monoclonal antibody. The areas outlined with dashed lines are magnified in the lower panels (bar  =  50 µm).</p

Serum ALT and AST activity and serum creatinine concentration.

<p>After 30 days of treatment, serum was collected to assay the activity of ALT and AST and creatinine concentration. All values are expressed as means ± S.E.M.</p

Changes in cell viability in the presence of D-ribose.

<p>The morphology of SH-SY5Y cells was observed by inverted contrast microscopy after incubation with 50 mM Rib (A), or 50 mM Glc (B) for 3 days. Untreated cells were used as controls (C). HEK293T cells treated with the same concentration of Rib (D), Glc (E) and control cells (F) were imaged under the same conditions. SH-SY5Y (G and H) and HEK293T (I and J) cells were incubated with Rib or Glc as indicated and cell viability was measured using the MTT assay at day 2 (G and I), and day 3 (H and J) after addition of the monosaccharides.</p

Intraperitoneal injection of D-ribose results in an increase in the concentration of glycated serum protein.

<p>Mice were injected (i.p.) with Rib as indicated for 30 days and serum was taken for assays of glycated serum protein. Mice injected with Glc and saline were used as controls. * P <0.05, ** P<0.01.</p

Body weight and serum glucose concentration.

<p>Mice were injected (i.p.) with Rib or Glc as indicated for 30 days. Body weight pre- and post-treatment is shown in grams. After treatment, serum was collected for assaying glucose concentration. All values are expressed as means ± S.E.M. </p><p>*P<0.05.</p

Immunofluorescent staining of AGEs in the hippocampus and cortex.

<p>Mice were injected (i.p.) with Rib at dose of 2 g/kg, or Glc at dose of 2 g/kg, or saline (controls) for 30 days. AGEs in the mouse brain were detected by immunofluorescent staining. The brain sections were double-labeled for AGEs (green) and nuclei (blue).</p

Fig 6 -

The employment of college students is an important issue that affects national development and social stability. In recent years, the increase in the number of graduates, the pressure of employment, and the epidemic have made the phenomenon of ’slow employment’ increasingly prominent, becoming an urgent problem to be solved. Data mining and machine learning methods are used to analyze and predict the employment prospects for graduates and provide effective employment guidance and services for universities, governments, and graduates. It is a feasible solution to alleviate the problem of ’slow employment’ of graduates. Therefore, this study proposed a feature selection prediction model (bGEBA-SVM) based on an improved bat algorithm and support vector machine by extracting 1694 college graduates from 2022 classes in Zhejiang Province. To improve the search efficiency and accuracy of the optimal feature subset, this paper proposed an enhanced bat algorithm based on the Gaussian distribution-based and elimination strategies for optimizing the feature set. The training data were input to the support vector machine for prediction. The proposed method is experimented by comparing it with peers, well-known machine learning models on the IEEE CEC2017 benchmark functions, public datasets, and graduate employment prediction dataset. The experimental results show that bGEBA-SVM can obtain higher prediction Accuracy, which can reach 93.86%. In addition, further education, student leader experience, family situation, career planning, and employment structure are more relevant characteristics that affect employment outcomes. In summary, bGEBA-SVM can be regarded as an employment prediction model with strong performance and high interpretability.</div

Changes in serum AGEs with intraperitoneal injection of D-ribose.

<p>Conditions for the injection of monosaccharides were the same as those given in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0024623#pone-0024623-g003" target="_blank">Fig 3</a>, except that serum AGEs were detected with an anti-AGEs monoclonal antibody (panel A) and an anti-pentosidine monoclonal antibody (panel B). Serum albumin level was used as a loading control. Quantification results are shown in panels A′ and B′, respectively. The saline control value was set as 1.0. All values are expressed as means ± S.E.M. * P<0.05, ** P<0.01.</p

Plasmon-Enhanced C–C Bond Cleavage toward Efficient Ethanol Electrooxidation

Ethanol, as a sustainable biomass fuel, is endowed with the merits of theoretically high energy density and environmental friendliness yet suffers from sluggish kinetics and low selectivity toward the desired complete electrooxidation (C1 pathway). Here, the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect is explored as a manipulating knob to boost electrocatalytic ethanol oxidation reaction in alkaline media under ambient conditions by appropriate visible light. Under illumination, Au@Pt nanoparticles with plasmonic core and active shell exhibit concurrently higher activity (from 2.30 to 4.05 A mgPt–1 at 0.8 V vs RHE) and C1 selectivity (from 9 to 38% at 0.8 V). In situ attenuated total reflection–surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR-SEIRAS) provides a molecular level insight into the LSPR promoted C–C bond cleavage and the subsequent CO oxidation. This work not only extends the methodology hyphenating plasmonic electrocatalysis and in situ surface IR spectroscopy but also presents a promising approach for tuning complex reaction pathways