1,111 research outputs found
Designers of collaboration mandates for sustainable natural resource management must address public agencies’ concerns about losing autonomy and influence
With climate change now influencing entire regions, there is a greater need for organizational collaboration to manage natural resources sustainably. Using California’s Sustainable Groundwater Management Act, which mandates collaboration between groundwater sustainability agencies, as a case study, Brian An and Shui-Yan Tang examine what drives integrative collaborations between agencies. They find that agencies are more likely to joint integrative collaborations if their mission addresses a broader focus, their core stakeholder groups have less concentrated interests in the policy issue, and their organizational culture is less rigid and risk averse
Using Common-Pool Resource Principles to Design Local Government Fiscal Sustainability
This article analyzes local government fiscal sustainability as a common-pool resource (CPR) problem. By comparing the experiences of Los Angeles County, San Bernardino City, and San Bernardino County, the analysis applies a framework developed from three decades of CPR research to show the importance of six micro-situational variables — communications with the full set of participants, known reputations of participants, high marginal per capita return, entry or exit capabilities, longer time horizon, and agreed-upon sanctioning capabilities — in shaping collective-action dynamics and building the trust and reciprocity among stakeholders needed for achieving fiscal sustainability. The underlying contextual conditions for these micro-situational variables vary based on specific socio-economic and political settings, but the findings suggest that institutions and processes can be designed based on several well-tested principles in CPR governance to encourage stakeholders to look beyond their immediate self-interests and to make decisions that account for the community’s long-term fiscal sustainability
A spectral line survey of IRC +10216 between 13.3 and 18.5 GHz
A spectral line survey of IRC +10216 between 13.3 and 18.5 GHz is carried out
using the Shanghai Tian Ma 65 m Radio Telescope (TMRT-65m) with a sensitivity
of < 7 mK. Thirty-five spectral lines of 12 different molecules and radicals
are detected in total. Except for SiS, the detected molecules are all
carbon-chain molecules, including HC3N, HC5N, HC7N, HC9N, C6H, C6H-, C8H, SiC2,
SiC4, c-C3H2 and l-C5H. The presence of rich carbon-bearing molecules is
consistent with the identity of IRC +10216 as a carbon-rich AGB star. The
excitation temperatures and column densities of the observed species are
derived by assuming a local thermodynamic equilibrium and homogeneous
conditions.Comment: This is the authors' version of the manuscript; 16 pages, 5 figures,
6 tables; Accepted for publication in A&A 8/17/201
Irrigation management for rice using geographic information systems
Indicators and techniques of management system are important to evaluate the irrigation system. This study involves the evaluation of the management of an irrigation system spatially and temporally using Geographical Information Systems. It has great practical and application prospects, which can break down the single search method, and share graphics and databases and to present the results spatially on a map involved an efficient combination of information databases in rice irrigation system
4,9,12,15-Tetraoxa-3,5,8,10,14,16-hexaazatetracyclo[11.3.0.02,6.07,11]hexadeca-1(16),2,5,7,10,13-hexaen-3-ium-3-olate monohydrate
The organic molecule in the title monohydrate, C6N6O5·H2O, presents an almost planar configuration, the greatest deviation from the least-squares plane through the atoms being 0.061 (1) Å for the O atom within the seven-membered ring. Each water H atom is bifurcated, one forming two O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds and the other forming O—H⋯N,O hydrogen bonds. The result of the hydrogen bonding is the formation of supramolecular layers with a zigzag topology that stack along [001]
Particle Deposition in Microfluidic Devices at Elevated Temperatures
In microchannels, interaction and transport of micro-/nanoparticles and biomolecules are crucial phenomena for many microfluidic applications, such as nanomedicine, portable food processing devices, microchannel heat exchangers, etc. The phenomenon that particles suspended in liquid are captured by a solid surface (e.g., microchannel wall) is referred to as particle deposition. Particle deposition is of importance in numerous practical applications and is also of fundamental interest to the field of colloid science. This chapter presents researches on fouling and particle deposition in microchannels, especially the effects of temperature and temperature gradient, which have been frequently ‘ignored’ but are important factors for thermal-driven particle deposition and fouling processes at elevated temperatures
The width-flux relation of the broad iron line during the state transition of the black hole X-ray binaries
The observation of varying broad iron lines during the state transition of
the black hole X-ray binaries (BHXBs) have been accumulating.In this work, the
relation between the normalized intensity and the width of iron lines is
investigated, in order to understand better the variation of iron lines and
possibly its connection to state transition. Considering the uncertainties due
to ionization and illuminating X-rays, only the effects of geometry and gravity
are taken into account. Three scenarios were studied, i.e., the continuous disk
model, innermost annulus model, and the cloud model. As shown by our
calculations, at given iron width, the line flux of the cloud model is smaller
than that of the continuous disk model; while for the innermost annulus model,
the width is almost unrelated with the flux. The range of the line strength
depends on both the BH spin and the inclination of the disk. We then apply to
the observation of MAXI J1631-479 by NuSTAR during its decay from the soft
state to the intermediate state. We estimated the relative line strength and
width according to the spectral fitting results by Xu et al.(2020), and then
compared with our theoretical width-flux relation. It was found that the cloud
model was more favored. We further modeled the iron line profiles, and found
that the cloud model can explain both the line profile and its variation with
reasonable parameters.Comment: 7 figures, 12 pages, accepted for publication in RA
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