Valproik asit ve karbamazepin kullanan epileptik çocuklarda serum nitrit ve nitrat düzeyleri

In the electroweak phase transition there arises the problem of baryon numberwashout by sphaleron transitions, which can be avoided if the phase transitionis strongly enough first order. The minimal supersymmetric standard model hasjust two Higgs doublets H1 and H2, while the next to minimal model, NMSSM, hasan additional singlet, N, this latter giving rise to the helpful feature thatthe Higgs potential contains a tree level trilinear field term. We use thetunneling criterion for the existence of a first order electroweak phasechange. A quantitative statistical analysis indicates that with parameters ofthe NMSSM satisfying the experimental constraints a strong first order phasechange occurs in about 50% of cases

The comparison of antibody titers secondary to intramuscularly, subcutaneous or intradermal application of low dose Hepatitis B vaccine

Objectives: There are approximately 300 million HBV carriers where 25-30% of them had deceased due to cirrhosis or PHK. Universal vaccination is suggested worldwide against HBV because it is proven that vaccinating only the risk group is useless to reduce or eradicate the HB. However, the high costs limit its extensive usage. One way to reduce high costs is vaccinating in low dose. The purpose of this study is to determine the dependable, effective and low-cost dose as the result of evaluating the antibody titers against recombinant HB vaccine in three routes.Materials and methods: Antibody titers against three times intramuscularly (IM), subcutaneous (SC) and intradermal (ID) in different doses like 4μg, 10μg or 20μg were detected.Results: Totally, 96 newborn were chosen from HBsAg negative mothers and greater than 2500 gram in birth weight. They were randomly distributed into 7 groups. The recombinant HB vaccine (20 μg/0.5 ml. Gen-Hevac B. Pasteur Merieux) is applied as IM 20 μg (IM20) to 15, IM 10 μg (IM10) to 18, IM4μg (IM4) to 12, SC 20 μg to 12, SC 10 μg to 14, SC 4 μg to 10 and finally IM 4 μg to 15 babies after birth, at first month and sixth month. Six month after the third dose, the protective antibody titers gathered from the first four groups (100%, 93.4%, 91.6%, and 88.9% respectively) are accepted as sufficient.Conclusion: The application of low dose (4 pg) Hepatitis-B Vaccine via intradermal resulted in desired immunization level without reducing immune response and by reducing the cost five times. J Clin Exp Invest 2011; 2 (3): 277-281

Intranasal midazolam for prolonged convulsive seizures

In order to determine the efficiency of intranasal midazolam in prolonged convulsive episodes, we conducted a prospective study in children with various types of seizures. Nine patients (six boys, three girls; age range 6 months to 9 years) with prolonged convulsions lasting more than 10 min were treated with intranasal midazolam, 0.3 mg/kg. The success rate was 100% with only one case requiring a second dose. Estimated duration of seizures was 12-30 min (mean 18.6) while mean time elapsed until cessation of seizures was 139.6 s (range 60-480). No significant adverse effects were noted except for one patient who had seizures secondary to serious CNS infection and respiratory depression after intranasal midazolam. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V