Supplemental Material - Characterizing Aging-Related Health in Older Women with a History of Incarceration: Multimorbidity, Polypharmacy, Mortality, Frailty, and Depression

Supplemental Material for Characterizing Aging-Related Health in Older Women with a History of Incarceration: Multimorbidity, Polypharmacy, Mortality, Frailty, and Depression by Amanda Emerson, Xinyang Li, Nick Zaller, and Megha Ramaswamy in Journal of Aging and Health</p

Novel Stemphol Derivatives from a marine fungus <i>Pleospora</i> sp

<p>Four novel stemphol derivatives, pleosporols A–D (<b>1</b>, <b>2</b> and mixture of <b>3</b> and <b>4</b>) together with known compounds stemfolones (mixture of <b>5</b> and <b>6</b>), stemphol (<b>7</b>) were isolated from a marine fungus <i>Pleospora</i> sp. (PO4) derived from the gut of marine isopod <i>Ligia oceanica</i>. The planar structures of novel compounds were elucidated on the basis of mass and NMR spectral analysis. The stereo-chemistries of <b>1–2</b> were determined by CD spectra, NOESY data, coupling constants analysis and modified Mosher’s method while the absolute configurations of <b>3–6</b> were not clear. Novel compounds contained <i>α</i>, <i>β</i>-unsaturated cyclohexanone ring and possibly derived from the oxidation of stemphol. All novel ones showed strong antimicrobial activity against <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> CMCC26069 with MIC values less than 10 μg/mL.</p

<i>In Situ</i> Formed Ti/Nb Nanocatalysts within a Bimetal 3D MXene Nanostructure Realizing Long Cyclic Lifetime and Faster Kinetic Rates of MgH₂

Magnesium hydride (MGH) is a high-capacity and low-cost hydrogen storage material; however, slow kinetic rates, high dehydrogenation temperature, and short cycle life hindered its large-scale applications. We proposed a strategy of designing novel delaminated 3D bimetal MXene (d-TiNbCTx) nanostructure to solve these problems. The on-set dehydrogenation temperature of MGH@d-TiNbCTx composition was reduced to 150 °C, achieving 7.2 wt % of hydrogen releasing capacity within the range of 150–250 °C. This composition absorbed 7.2 wt % hydrogen within 5 min at 200 °C and 5.5 wt % at 30 °C within 2 h, while the desorption capacity (6.0 wt %) was measured at 275 °C within 7 min. After 150 cycles at 250 °C, the 6.5 wt % capacity was retained with negligible loss of hydrogen content. These results were attributed to the catalytic effect of in situ-formed TiH2/NbH2 nanocatalysts, which lead to dissociate the Mg–H bonds and promote of kinetic rates. This unique structure paves great opportunities for designing of highly efficient MGHs/MXene nanocomposites to improve the hydrogen storage performance of MGHs

External Heavy-Atom Effect via Orbital Interactions Revealed by Single-Crystal X‑ray Diffraction

Enhanced spin–orbit coupling through external heavy-atom effect (EHE) has been routinely used to induce room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) for purely organic molecular materials. Therefore, understanding the nature of EHE, i.e., the specific orbital interactions between the external heavy atom and the luminophore, is of essential importance in molecular design. For organic systems, halogens (e.g., Cl, Br, and I) are the most commonly seen heavy atoms serving to realize the EHE-related RTP. In this report, we conduct an investigation on how heavy-atom perturbers and aromatic luminophores interact on the basis of data obtained from crystallography. We synthesized two classes of molecular systems including <i>N</i>-haloalkyl-substituted carbazoles and quinolinium halides, where the luminescent molecules are considered as “base” or “acid” relative to the heavy-atom perturbers, respectively. We propose that electron donation from a π molecular orbital (MO) of the carbazole to the σ* MO of the C–X bond (π/σ*) and n electron donation to a π* MO of the quinolinium moiety (n/π*) are responsible for the EHE (RTP) in the solid state, respectively

Particulate Respirators Functionalized with Silver Nanoparticles Showed Excellent Real-Time Antimicrobial Effects against Pathogens

Particulate respirators designed to filtrate fine particulate matters usually do not possess antimicrobial functions. The current study aimed to functionalize particulate respirators with silver nanoparticles (nanosilver or AgNPs), which have excellent antimicrobial activities, utilizing a straightforward and effective method. We first enhanced the nanosilver-coating ability of nonwoven fabrics from a particulate respirator through surface modification by sodium oleate. The surfactant treatment significantly improved the fabrics’ water wet preference where the static water contact angles reduced from 122° to 56°. Both macroscopic agar-plate tests and microscopic scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterization revealed that nanosilver functionalized fabrics could effectively inhibit the growth of two model bacterial strains (i.e., <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>). The coating of silver nanoparticles would not affect the main function of particulate respirators (i.e., filtration of fine air-borne particles). Nanosilver coated particulate respirators with excellent antimicrobial activities can provide real-time protection to people in regions with severe air pollution against air-borne pathogens

External Heavy-Atom Effect via Orbital Interactions Revealed by Single-Crystal X‑ray Diffraction

Enhanced spin–orbit coupling through external heavy-atom effect (EHE) has been routinely used to induce room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) for purely organic molecular materials. Therefore, understanding the nature of EHE, i.e., the specific orbital interactions between the external heavy atom and the luminophore, is of essential importance in molecular design. For organic systems, halogens (e.g., Cl, Br, and I) are the most commonly seen heavy atoms serving to realize the EHE-related RTP. In this report, we conduct an investigation on how heavy-atom perturbers and aromatic luminophores interact on the basis of data obtained from crystallography. We synthesized two classes of molecular systems including <i>N</i>-haloalkyl-substituted carbazoles and quinolinium halides, where the luminescent molecules are considered as “base” or “acid” relative to the heavy-atom perturbers, respectively. We propose that electron donation from a π molecular orbital (MO) of the carbazole to the σ* MO of the C–X bond (π/σ*) and n electron donation to a π* MO of the quinolinium moiety (n/π*) are responsible for the EHE (RTP) in the solid state, respectively

Enhanced Performance of NaOH-Modified Pt/TiO₂ toward Room Temperature Selective Oxidation of Formaldehyde

Pt/TiO₂ catalysts with various Pt loadings (0.05–2 wt %) were prepared by a combined NaOH-assisted impregnation of titania with Pt precursor and NaBH₄-reduction. The thermal catalytic activity was evaluated toward catalytic decomposition of formaldehyde (HCHO) vapor in the presence of toluene under ambient conditions. HCHO could be selectively oxidized into CO₂ and H₂O over Pt/TiO₂ catalysts and toluene had no change. Pt/TiO₂ catalysts prepared with the assistance of NaOH showed higher HCHO oxidation activity than those without NaOH due to the introduction of additional surface hydroxyl groups, the enhanced adsorption capacity toward HCHO, and larger mesopores and macropores facilitating diffusion and transport of reactants and products. The as-prepared Pt/TiO₂ catalysts with an optimal Pt loading of 1 wt % exhibited high catalytic stability. Considering the versatile combination of noble-metal nanoparticles and supports, this work will provide new insights to the design of high-performance catalysts for indoor air purification

Data_Sheet_1_Antibacterial and β-amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 inhibitory polyketides from the fungus Aspergillus chevalieri.PDF

One new prenylated benzenoid, (±)-chevalieric acid (1), and four new anthraquinone derivatives, (10S,12S)-, (10S,12R)-, (10R,12S)-, and (10R,12R)-chevalierone (2–5), together with ten previously described compounds (6–15), were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus chevalieri (L. Mangin) Thom and Church. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and HRESIMS spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of 2–5 were determined by experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and DP4+ analysis. Compound 10 showed weak cytotoxicity against human lung cancer cell line A549 with IC50 39.68 μM. Compounds 2–5 exhibited antibacterial activities against the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and opportunistic pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The MIC value for compound 6 against MRSA is 44.02 μM. Additionally, Compounds 8, 10, 11 showed weak to moderate inhibitory activities against the β-secretase (BACE1), with IC50 values of 36.1, 40.9, 34.9 μM, respectively.</p

Cu-Doped CoP Nanorod Arrays: Efficient and Durable Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts at All pH Values

We report a simple method for preparation of self-supported nanoporous Cu-doped CoP nanorod arrays on carbon cloth (Cu-CoP NRAs/CC) by a hydrothermal and low-temperature phosphidation process, which demonstrates enhanced catalytic performance over a wide pH range. This Cu-CoP NRAs/CC electrode shows a good HER performance with an overpotential of 44 mV to achieve current density of 10 mA cm^–2 in 0.5 M H₂SO₄. To get the same current density, it requires overpotentials of 81 mV in 1.0 M KOH and 137 mV in 1.0 M PBS, respectively. It also maintains a stable catalytic activity under different pH condition for 40 h. Such superior HER performance could be attributed to the strong heteroatomic interactions prompted lots of lattice distortions and defects, further provided many effective reactive sites on the nanorods. Such Cu-CoP NRAs/CC provides us highly efficient materials for water-splitting devices in industrial hydrogen production

A comprehensive profiling of T- and B-lymphocyte receptor repertoires from a Chinese-origin rhesus macaque by high-throughput sequencing

<div><p>Due to the close genetic background, high similarity of physiology, and susceptibility to infectious and metabolic diseases with humans, rhesus macaques have been widely used as an important animal model in biomedical research, especially in the study of vaccine development and human immune-related diseases. In recent years, high-throughput sequencing based immune repertoire sequencing (IR-SEQ) has become a powerful tool to study the dynamic adaptive immune responses. Several previous studies had analyzed the responses of B cells to HIV-1 trimer vaccine or T cell repertoire of rhesus macaques using this technique, however, there are little studies that had performed a comprehensive analysis of immune repertoire of rhesus macaques, including T and B lymphocytes. Here, we did a comprehensive analysis of the T and B cells receptor repertoires of a Chinese rhesus macaque based on the 5’—RACE and IR-SEQ. The detailed analysis includes the distribution of CDR3 length, the composition of amino acids and nucleotides of CDR3, V, J and V-J combination usage, the insertion and deletion length distribution and somatic hypermutation rates of the framework region 3 (FR3). In addition, we found that several positions of FR3 region have high mutation frequencies, which may indicate the existence of new genes/alleles that have not been discovered and/or collected into IMGT reference database. We believe that a comprehensive profiling of immune repertoire of rhesus macaque will facilitate the human immune-related diseases studies.</p></div