A Pilot Study on Real-time Monitoring of Heart Rate and Movement Speed in Middle-distance Race of Physical Education Classes

In Chinese universities, students need to participate in the middle-distance-race. Normally, female students are required to participate in the race of 800 meters, while male students are required to participate in the race of 1000 meters. However, it is difficult for teachers to grasp the real time information of students during the race. And there is a lack of timely communications between the teachers and students. Focusing on this issue, this study, with the use of POLAR heart rate sensor and other modern information technologies, expands the original function of the sensor to achieve a concurrent operation of detecting heart rates and automatically measuring the movement speed. The researchers have successfully designed a micro system to monitor the process of middle-distance race. Moreover, the study also engages in a preliminary experiment verification so as to provide object and effective reference and basis for the middle-distance race physical education teaching in universities

High Density Culture Process and Growth Kinetics of Flavor Yeast A10-2

In order to realize the high-density culture and establish the predictive growth kinetics model of a self-isolated flavor yeast, the high-density culture process was studied of 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol producing yeast A10-2, which screened from soy sauce fermentation mash. The type of culture medium (nitrogen and carbon source) and concentration were studied and optimized. The growth kinetics and the substrate (total sugar) consumption models were established and verified. The results showed that (NH4) H2PO4 fed to make the concentration of culture medium 0.2 g/100 mL was the best inorganic source of nitrogen. To obtain the best cell growth rate, molasses as the only source of carbon, should be fed which controlled the concentration of total sugar in the culture medium to 0.4~0.6 g/100 mL. The growth of A10-2 yeast followed the S-shaped curve of a Logistic model, and the substrate (total sugar) consumption followed the Leudeking-Priet equation. The maximum obtained biomass specific growth rate μm was 0.4764 h−1, while the maximum biomass growth yield coefficient YG was 0.5879 g/g. The maintenance coefficient was 0.0127 g·L−1·h−1. The established models could better describe the growth and sugar consumption of yeast in the process of high-density culture, and have predictive significance

Switching Characteristics and High-Temperature Dielectric Relaxation Behaviours of Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.91Ti0.09O3 Single Crystal

This work evaluated the resistance switching characteristics in the (100)-oriented Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.91Ti0.09O3 (PZNT) single crystal. The current hysteresis can be closely related to the ferroelectric polarization and we provided a possible explanation using a model about oxygen vacancies to analyze the mechanism of switching. The obvious frequency dispersion of the relative permittivity signified the relaxer-type behavior of the sample. The value of the relaxation parameter γ = 1.48 was estimated from the linear fit of the modified Curie-Weiss law, indicating the relaxer nature. High-temperature dielectric relaxation behaviors were revealed in the temperature region of 400–650 °C. In addition, under the measuring frequency of 10 kHz, εr was tunable by changing the electric field and the largest tunability of εr reached 14.78%. At room temperature, the high pyroelectric coefficient and detectivity figure of merit were reported

Trait Anxiety Has Effect on Decision Making under Ambiguity but Not Decision Making under Risk

<div><p>Previous studies have reported that trait anxiety (TA) affects decision making. However, results remain largely inconsistent across studies. The aim of the current study was to further address the interaction between TA and decision making. 304 subjects without depression from a sample consisting of 642 participants were grouped into high TA (HTA), medium TA (MTA) and low TA (LTA) groups based on their TA scores from State Trait Anxiety Inventory. All subjects were assessed with the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) that measures decision making under ambiguity and the Game of Dice Task (GDT) that measures decision making under risk. While the HTA and LTA groups performed worse on the IGT compared to the MTA group, performances on the GDT between the three groups did not differ. Furthermore, the LTA and HTA groups showed different individual deck level preferences in the IGT: the former showed a preference for deck B indicating that these subjects focused more on the magnitude of rewards, and the latter showed a preference for deck A indicating significant decision making impairment. Our findings suggest that trait anxiety has effect on decision making under ambiguity but not decision making under risk and different levels of trait anxiety related differently to individual deck level preferences in the IGT.</p></div

Netscore and frequency of each single alternative during the GDT.

<p>Mean netscore over the GDT (A) and mean frequency of each single alternative (B) for subjects with HTA, MTA, and LTA. Means ± SEMs are shown.</p

Netscore over the task and netscore of the five blocks during the IGT.

<p>Mean netscore over 100 picks of cards (A) and mean netscore for each block of 20 trials (B) for subjects with HTA, MTA, and LTA. *<i>p</i> < .05 and ***<i>p</i> < .001. Means ± SEMs are shown.</p

Results of the neuropsychological tests in the three groups [mean (SD)].

<p>Note: TMT: Trail Making Test; WCST: Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; HTA: high trait anxiety; MTA: medium trait anxiety; LTA: low trait anxiety.</p><p>Results of the neuropsychological tests in the three groups [mean (SD)].</p

Number of cards selected for groups during the IGT.

<p>Mean number of cards selected for subjects with HTA, MTA, and LTA from individual decks A (A), B (B), C (C), and D (D) over 100 picks of cards. *<i>p</i> < .05, **<i>p</i> < .01 and ***<i>p</i> < .001. Means ± SEMs are shown.</p