2,335 research outputs found
Image-Guided Robotic Dental Implantation With Natural-Root-Formed Implants
Dental implantation is now recognized as the standard of the care for tooth replacement. Although many studies show high short term survival rates greater than 95%, long term studies (\u3e 5 years) have shown success rates as low as 41.9%. Reasons affecting the long term success rates might include surgical factors such as limited accuracy of implant placement, lack of spacing controls, and overheating during the placement.
In this dissertation, a comprehensive solution for improving the outcome of current dental implantation is presented, which includes computer-aided preoperative planning for better visualization of patient-specific information and automated robotic site-preparation for superior placement and orientation accuracy. Surgical planning is generated using patient-specific three-dimensional (3D) models which are reconstructed from Cone-beam CT images. An innovative image-guided robotic site-preparation system for implants insertion is designed and implemented. The preoperative plan of the implant insertion is transferred into intra-operative operations of the robot using a two-step registration procedure with the help of a Coordinate Measurement Machine (CMM). The natural-root implants mimic the root structure of natural teeth and were proved by Finite Element Method (FEM) to provide superior stress distribution than current cylinder-shape implants. However, due to their complicated geometry, manual site-preparation for these implants cannot be accomplished. Our innovative image-guided robotic implantation system provides the possibility of using this advanced type of implant.
Phantom experiments with patient-specific jaw models were performed to evaluate the accuracy of positioning and orientation. Fiducial Registration Error (FRE) values less than 0.20 mm and final Target Registration Error (TRE) values after the two-step registration of 0.36Ā±0.13 mm (N=5) were achieved. Orientation error was 1.99Ā±1.27Ā° (N=14). Robotic milling of the natural-root implant shape with single- and double-root was also tested, and the results proved that their complicated volumes can be removed as designed by the robot. The milling time for single- and double-root shape was 177 s and 1522 s, respectively
Quality-Gated Convolutional LSTM for Enhancing Compressed Video
The past decade has witnessed great success in applying deep learning to
enhance the quality of compressed video. However, the existing approaches aim
at quality enhancement on a single frame, or only using fixed neighboring
frames. Thus they fail to take full advantage of the inter-frame correlation in
the video. This paper proposes the Quality-Gated Convolutional Long Short-Term
Memory (QG-ConvLSTM) network with bi-directional recurrent structure to fully
exploit the advantageous information in a large range of frames. More
importantly, due to the obvious quality fluctuation among compressed frames,
higher quality frames can provide more useful information for other frames to
enhance quality. Therefore, we propose learning the "forget" and "input" gates
in the ConvLSTM cell from quality-related features. As such, the frames with
various quality contribute to the memory in ConvLSTM with different importance,
making the information of each frame reasonably and adequately used. Finally,
the experiments validate the effectiveness of our QG-ConvLSTM approach in
advancing the state-of-the-art quality enhancement of compressed video, and the
ablation study shows that our QG-ConvLSTM approach is learnt to make a
trade-off between quality and correlation when leveraging multi-frame
information. The project page: https://github.com/ryangchn/QG-ConvLSTM.git.Comment: Accepted to IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo
(ICME) 201
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Permeability of Concrete with Recycled Concrete Aggregate and Pozzolanic Materials under Stress.
The research reported herein studied the permeability of concrete containing recycled-concrete aggregate (RA), superfine phosphorous slag (PHS), and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) with and without stress. Test results showed that the chloride diffusion coefficient of RA concrete (RAC) without external loads decreased with time, and the permeability of RAC is much lower than that of the reference concrete due to the on-going hydration and the pozzolanic reaction provided by the PHS and GGBS additives in the RAC mixture. The permeability of chloride under flexural load is much more sensitive than that under compressive load due to the differences in porosity and cracking pattern. At low compressive stress levels, the permeability of chloride decreased by the closing of pores and microcracks within RAC specimens. However, in a relatively short time the chloride diffusion coefficient and the chloride content increased rapidly with the increase of compressive stress when it exceeded a threshold stress level of approximate 35% of the ultimate compressive strength. Under flexural stress, the chloride transport capability increased with the increase of stress level and time. At high compressive and flexural stress levels, creep had a significant effect on the permeability of chloride in the RAC specimens due to the damage from the nucleation and propagation of microcracks over time. It is apparent that mortar cracking has more of a significant effect on the chloride transport in concrete than cracking in the interfacial transition zone (ITZ)
PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS AND NURSING COUNTERMEASURES OF PATIENTS WITH ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS AND NURSING COUNTERMEASURES OF PATIENTS WITH ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
Oceanic internal solitary wave interactions via the KP equation in a three-layer fluid with shear flow
The various patterns of internal solitary wave interactions are complex
phenomena in the ocean, susceptible to the influence of shear flow and density
distributions. Satellite imagery serves as an effective tool for investigating
these interactions, but usually does not provide information on the structure
of internal waves and their associated dynamics. Considering a three-layer
configuration that approximates ocean stratification, we analytically
investigate two-dimensional internal solitary waves (ISW) in a three-layer
fluid with shear flow and continuous density distribution using the
(2+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) model. Firstly, the KP equation
is derived from the basic governing equations which include mass and momentum
conservations, along with free surface boundary conditions. The coefficients of
the KP equation are determined by the vertical distribution of fluid density,
shear flow, and layer depth. Secondly, it is found that the interactions of ISW
can be carefully classified into five types: ordinary interactions including
O-type, asymmetric interactions including P-type, TP-type and TO-type, and
Miles resonance. The genuine existence of these interaction types is observed
from satellite images in the Andaman Sea, the Malacca Strait, and the coast of
Washington state. Finally, the ``bright" and ``dark" internal solitary
interactions are discovered in the three-layer fluid, which together constitute
the fluctuating forms of oceanic ISW. It is revealed that shear flow is the
primary factor to determine whether these types of interactions are ``bright"
or ``dark". Besides, a detailed analysis is conducted to show how the ratio of
densities influences the properties of these interactions, such as amplitude,
angle, and wave width
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