Density, Viscosity, Refractive Index, and Surface Tension for Six Binary Systems of Adamantane Derivatives with 1‑Heptanol and Cyclohexylmethanol

Measurements on densities (ρ), viscosities (η), and refractive indices (<i>n</i>_D) from (293.15 to 333.15) K and at 0.1 MPa along with the surface tensions (γ) at 298.15 K and 0.1 MPa for binary mixtures of 1,3-dimethyladamantane (1,3-DMA), 1-ethyladamantane (1-EA), and 1,3,5-trimethyladamantane (1,3,5-TMA) with 1-heptanol or cyclohexylmethanol have been carried out over the entire composition range. The experimental data are used to calculate the excess molar volumes (<i>V</i>_m^E), viscosity deviations (Δη), molar refraction deviations (Δ_Φ<i>R</i>), and surface tension deviations (Δγ). The <i>V</i>_m^E, Δη, Δ_Φ<i>R</i>, and Δγ values have been fitted to the Redlich–Kister polynomial equation. From these excess or deviation functions, the molecular interactions and nonideality of the binary systems are discussed. The results are expected to provide fundamental data for understanding the properties of adamantane derivatives as potential components and the composition optimization of new high energy-density hydrocarbon fuels

Density, Viscosity, Surface Tension, and Refractive Index for Binary Mixtures of 1,3-Dimethyladamantane with Four C₁₀ Alkanes

For a comprehensive understanding of the properties of 1,3-dimethyladamantane (1,3-DMA) as a new potential candidate of high energy-density hydrocarbon fuels, densities, viscosities, surface tensions, and refractive indices for binary mixtures of 1,3-DMA with each of four C₁₀ alkanes, <i>n</i>-decane, butylcyclohexane, decalin, and <i>exo</i>-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (JP-10), are determined over the whole composition range at different temperatures ranging from (293.15 to 363.15) K and atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa). The excess molar volume (<i>V</i>_m^E), the viscosity deviation (Δη), the surface tension deviation (Δγ), and the refractive index deviation (Δ<i>n</i>_D) for these binary systems are calculated. All of the <i>V</i>_m^E values are negative over the whole composition range for these systems, and they show slight changes against the temperature. The Δη values for the systems except 1,3-DMA + JP-10 are negative, and the absolute values decrease obviously with rising temperature. The Δγ gives clearly negative values for the system of 1,3-DMA + <i>n</i>-decane and shows small values near zero for the other systems. Negligible values of Δ<i>n</i>_D indicate that the refractive indices show nearly linear additions from those of two components for the binary mixtures. The results could provide important reference information for the development and performance of new high energy-density hydrocarbon fuels

Image_2_Proteome profiling of whole plasma and plasm\a-derived extracellular vesicles facilitates the detection of tissue biomarkers in the non-obese diabetic mouse.pdf

The mechanism by which pancreatic beta cells are destroyed in type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains to be fully understood. Recent observations indicate that the disease may arise because of different pathobiological mechanisms (endotypes). The discovery of one or several protein biomarkers measurable in readily available liquid biopsies (e.g. blood plasma) during the pre-diabetic period may enable personalized disease interventions. Recent studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a source of tissue proteins in liquid biopsies. Using plasma samples collected from pre-diabetic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice (an experimental model of T1D) we addressed if combined analysis of whole plasma samples and plasma-derived EV fractions increases the number of unique proteins identified by mass spectrometry (MS) compared to the analysis of whole plasma samples alone. LC-MS/MS analysis of plasma samples depleted of abundant proteins and subjected to peptide fractionation identified more than 2300 proteins, while the analysis of EV-enriched plasma samples identified more than 600 proteins. Of the proteins detected in EV-enriched samples, more than a third were not identified in whole plasma samples and many were classified as either tissue-enriched or of tissue-specific origin. In conclusion, parallel profiling of EV-enriched plasma fractions and whole plasma samples increases the overall proteome depth and facilitates the discovery of tissue-enriched proteins in plasma. If applied to plasma samples collected longitudinally from the NOD mouse or from models with other pathobiological mechanisms, the integrated proteome profiling scheme described herein may be useful for the discovery of new and potentially endotype specific biomarkers in T1D.</p

DataSheet_2_Proteome profiling of whole plasma and plasma-derived extracellular vesicles facilitates the detection of tissue biomarkers in the non-obese diabetic mouse.xlsx

The mechanism by which pancreatic beta cells are destroyed in type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains to be fully understood. Recent observations indicate that the disease may arise because of different pathobiological mechanisms (endotypes). The discovery of one or several protein biomarkers measurable in readily available liquid biopsies (e.g. blood plasma) during the pre-diabetic period may enable personalized disease interventions. Recent studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a source of tissue proteins in liquid biopsies. Using plasma samples collected from pre-diabetic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice (an experimental model of T1D) we addressed if combined analysis of whole plasma samples and plasma-derived EV fractions increases the number of unique proteins identified by mass spectrometry (MS) compared to the analysis of whole plasma samples alone. LC-MS/MS analysis of plasma samples depleted of abundant proteins and subjected to peptide fractionation identified more than 2300 proteins, while the analysis of EV-enriched plasma samples identified more than 600 proteins. Of the proteins detected in EV-enriched samples, more than a third were not identified in whole plasma samples and many were classified as either tissue-enriched or of tissue-specific origin. In conclusion, parallel profiling of EV-enriched plasma fractions and whole plasma samples increases the overall proteome depth and facilitates the discovery of tissue-enriched proteins in plasma. If applied to plasma samples collected longitudinally from the NOD mouse or from models with other pathobiological mechanisms, the integrated proteome profiling scheme described herein may be useful for the discovery of new and potentially endotype specific biomarkers in T1D.</p

Additional file 1 of The involvement of Neuregulin-1 in the process of facial nerve injury repair through the utilization of dental pulp stem cells

Supplementary Material