The Art of Subtitling: A case study of a Chinese online fansub group

Online fan subtitling (hereafter fansub) groups are a recent phenomenon that have quickly gained global popularity. They are groups of volunteers who produce and distribute subtitles of English televisions shows and films for free. However, to date not much academic attention has been paid to this phenomenon in a critical capacity, with the exception of anime fansubbing. This study closely examines one fansub group in China using a single-case design case study. The methods of data collection include: in-depth interviews with the translators; participant observation as a subtitle translator; and textual/discourse analysis of the subtitles. This study will use the British Cultural Study as its primary theoretical lens to explore the various ways in which the fansub group acts as resistance to the dominant discourse. By taking this approach, this paper hopes to expand the field of critical cultural studies by looking at the roles of the producers in mediating discourse, as well as fandom studies, by presenting a case of global fandom online

Environmental Factors Influencing the Durability of Concrete Structures in Maine Environments

Concrete structures built in marine environment may suffer serious durability problems. Focusing on the reaction between concrete materials and environmental conditions on structural durability, the coefficients of environmental temperature and chloride content are established. Referring to only experimental data tested following the procedure similar to the regulations in NT Build 443(Concrete, Hardened: Accelerated Chloride Penetration) of North Europe, the relationship between D28 and water/binder ratio, which are converted into equivalent values of a standard reference environmental condition at 20ºC and a concentration of 165 g ± 1 g NaCl per dm3 solution, using the established formula of coefficients of environmental temperature and chloride content, is presented. The converted results of different environmental conditions at laboratory and natural environment have a good agreement with each other, which indicates that the coefficients of environmental temperature and chloride content are reasonably determined. The ratio of wetting time per-period defined as the time proportion of concrete in wet conditions to the whole time period can be used to describe the dry-wet conditions in concrete. Analysis on the in-situ detected results shows that the penetration of chloride, the accumulation of surface chloride concentration and the decay of chloride diffusion coefficient are all related to the ratio of wetting time per-period. Subsequently, the formula of apparent chloride diffusion coefficient is proposed with consideration of surrounding temperature, sodium chloride solution concentration, age factor and altitude

Numerical and experimental investigations into protection net icing at the helicopter engine inlet

© 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited. This is the accepted manuscript version of an article which has been published in final form at . https://doi.org/10.1108/AEAT-09-2019-0190The ice shapes of the protection net at different times are firstly simulated by a 2D icing calculation, then the porous media parameters are calculated based on the 2D ice shapes. Afterwards, a three-dimensional (3D) flow fields of the engine inlet with the iced net are simulated using the porous media model instead of the real protection net. The transient pressure losses of the iced protection net are calculated and tested through an icing wind tunnel test rig under different icing conditions. Overall the numerical results and experimental data shows a good agreement. The effects of several control parameters such as liquid water contents (LWC), water droplet diameters, and airflow velocities on the pressure loss of the protection net during the icing process are analyzed in a systematic manner. The results indicate that the pressure loss increases with the increase of the LWC at the same icing time. The same trend occurs when the water droplet diameter and the airflow velocity increase.Peer reviewe

Intraoperative method of femoral head central measurement to prevent leg length discrepancy following hemiarthroplasty

PurposeThis study aimed to introduce and investigate the safety and efficiency of the intraoperative central measurement method of the femoral head (IM-CMFH) to prevent leg length discrepancies (LLD) after hemiarthroplasty.MethodsOverall, 79 patients aged 75 to 85 years with femoral neck fractures who underwent hemiarthroplasty were divided into two groups: the Control group (n = 46) and the IM-CMFH group (n = 33). The two groups were compared for postoperative LLD and the proportions of patients with greater than 10 mm, 6–10 mm, and within 5 mm, postoperative femoral offset (FO) difference and the proportions of patients within 5 mm, incremental greater than 5 mm and reduction greater than 5 mm. Next, the vertical distance from the center of the femoral head to the tip of the greater trochanter on the anatomical axis of the femur (VD-CFH-TGTAAF), leg length, and FO on the operative and non-operative sides within the IM-CMFH group. Finally, operative time, hemoglobin loss, Harris scores 3 months after surgery, and postoperative complications were analyzed.ResultsCompared with the control group, the postoperative LLD and FO differences were significantly lower in the IM-CMFH group (P = 0.031; P = 0.012), and the proportion of patients with postoperative LLD greater than 10 mm decreased significantly (P = 0.041), while the proportion of patients with FO difference of within 5 mm increased (P = 0.009). In addition, there was no significant difference in the operative time, hemoglobin loss, and Harris score at 3 months postoperatively and postoperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in FO, leg-length, and VD-CFH-TGTAAF between the operative and non-operative sides within the IM-CMFH group (P > 0.05).ConclusionSatisfactory results can be achieved by using the IM-CMFH to prevent LLD following hemiarthroplasty, and there is no increase in operative time, hemoglobin loss, or postoperative complications. This technique is efficient for hemiarthroplasties and is both simple and convenient

MRI-based radiomics features uncover the micro-change of dorsal root ganglia lesion for patients with post-herpetic neuralgia

ObjectiveTo create and authenticate MRI-based radiomic signatures to identify dorsal root ganglia (DRG) lesions in post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) patients generalizable and interpretable.MethodThis prospective diagnostic study was conducted between January 2021 and February 2022. Lesioned DRG in patients with PHN and normal DRG in age-, sex-, height-, and weight-matched healthy controls were selected for assessment and divided into two groups (8:2) randomly: training and testing sets. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm was employed to generate feature signatures and construct a model, followed by the assessment of model efficacy using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), as well as sensitivity and specificity metrics.ResultsThe present investigation involved 30 patients diagnosed with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), consisting of 18 males and 12 females (mean age 60.70 ± 10.18 years), as well as 30 healthy controls, comprising 18 males and 12 females (mean age 58.13 ± 10.54 years). A total of 98 DRG were randomly divided into two groups (8:2), namely a training set (n = 78) and a testing set (n = 20). Five radiomic features were chosen to construct the models. In the training dataset, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.847, while the sensitivity and specificity were 71.79 and 97.44%, respectively. In the test dataset, the AUC was 0.87, and the sensitivity and specificity were 80.00 and 100.00%, respectively.ConclusionAn MRI-based radiomic signatures model has the capacity to uncover the micro-change of damaged DRG in individuals afflicted with postherpetic neuralgia

Multi-omics analyses of glucose metabolic reprogramming in colorectal cancer

BackgroundGlucose metabolic reprogramming (GMR) is a cardinal feature of carcinogenesis and metastasis. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to profile the metabolic signature of primary tumor and circulating tumor cells from metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients using integrated omics analysis.MethodsPET-CT imaging, serum metabolomics, genomics and proteomics data of 325 high 18F-fluorinated deoxyglucose (FDGhigh) mCRC patients were analyzed. The para-tumor, primary tumor and liver metastatic tissues of mCRC patients were used for proteomics analysis.ResultsThe glucose uptake in tumor tissues as per the PET/CT images was correlated to serum levels of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBIL), creatinine (CRE). Proteomics analysis indicated that several differentially expressed proteins were enriched in both GMR and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related pathways. Using a tissue-optimized proteomic workflow, we identified novel proteomic markers (e.g. CCND1, EPCAM, RPS6), a novel PCK1-CDK6-INSR protein axis, and a potential role for FOLR (FR) in GMR/EMT of CRC cells. Finally, CEA/blood glucose (CSR) was defined as a new index, which can be used to jointly diagnose liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.ConclusionsGMR in CRC cells is closely associated with the EMT pathway, and this network is a promising source of potential therapeutic targets

A new inductive debris sensor based on dual-excitation coils and dual-sensing coils for online debris monitoring

Lubricants are of key importance for mechanical processing, and exist in nearly every mechanical system. When the equipment is in operation, debris particles will be generated in mechanical lubricants. The detection of debris particles can indicate the wear degree of machinery components, and provide prognosis warning for the system before the fault occurs. In this work, a novel type of inductive debris sensor consisting of two excitation coils and two sensing coils is proposed for online debris monitoring. The developed sensor was proven to be of high sensitivity through experimental verification. The testing results show that, using the designed sensor, ferrous metal debris with a size of 115 μm and nonferrous metal debris with a size of 313 μm in a pipe with an inner diameter of 12.7 mm can be effectively detected. Moreover, the proposed inductive debris sensor structure has better sensitivity at higher throughput and its design provides a useful insight into the development of high-quality sensors with superior performances