The differential expression pattern of gene (a) (Affy ID "205336 at") and gene (b) (Affy ID "205055 at")

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "A non-parametric meta-analysis approach for combining independent microarray datasets: application using two microarray datasets pertaining to chronic allograft nephropathy"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/9/98</p><p>BMC Genomics 2008;9():98-98.</p><p>Published online 26 Feb 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2276496.</p><p></p

Normal density plot to illustrate the selection of the threshold for the scores

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "A non-parametric meta-analysis approach for combining independent microarray datasets: application using two microarray datasets pertaining to chronic allograft nephropathy"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/9/98</p><p>BMC Genomics 2008;9():98-98.</p><p>Published online 26 Feb 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2276496.</p><p></p

Outcomes Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in Patients with Mild Preoperative Renal Insufficiency

<div><p>Abstract Introduction: Preoperative renal insufficiency is an independent predictor of mortality after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. However, there are few reports aimed to evaluate the impact of mild preoperative renal insufficiency on long-term follow-up outcomes after isolated CABG surgery. This study investigates the effect of mild preoperative renal insufficiency on long-term follow-up outcomes of patients after CABG. Methods: Five hundred eighty-four patients' data that underwent CABG between 1 January 2009 and 1 December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups: normal group [Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 90 ml/min/1.73 m2, n=304] and mild group (eGFR ranges from 60 to 89 ml/min/1.73 m2, n=280). Clinical material and long follow-up outcomes were compared inthe two groups. Results: Two groups had similar baseline and intraoperative data except eGFR. Six (0.01%) patients died in hospital, 15 in normal group and 28 in mild group during the long-term follow-up, which had statistical significance (P<0.05). Univariate factor analysis displayed that the two groups had similar in-hospital outcomes. Kaplan-Meier curves showed a better long-term survival in patients with normal preoperative renal function compared to mild preoperative renal insufficiency (x 2=4.255, P=0.039). Cox proportional model presented the hazard ratio of long-term mortality in patients with mild preoperative renal insufficiency compared to normal preoperative renal function was 1.79 (95% CI 1.17-2.88, P=0.027). Conclusions: Patients with mild preoperative renal insufficiency had a higher mortality rate than normal patients in long-term survival, whereas no evidence of worse in-hospital mortality rate was found. Patients with mild preoperative renal insufficiency showed a higher mortality rate than other studies.</p></div

50 Koska-Langa : Nişanca / Jak. Pervitiç

Échelle(s) : Échelle : 1/1000Numérisé par le partenaireAppartient à l’ensemble documentaire : BbLevt0Numérisé par le partenair

No Difference in Keratin Thickness between Inner and Outer Foreskins from Elective Male Circumcisions in Rakai, Uganda

<div><p>It has been hypothesized that increased HIV acquisition in uncircumcised men may relate to a more thinly keratinized inner foreskin. However, published data are contradictory and potentially confounded by medical indications for circumcision. We tested the hypothesis that the inner foreskin was more thinly keratinized than the outer foreskin using tissues from 19 healthy, HIV-uninfected men undergoing routine prophylactic circumcision in Rakai, Uganda. Sections from 3 foreskin anatomic sites (inner, outer, and frenar band) were snap-frozen separately. Two independent laboratories each separately stained, imaged, and measured keratin thicknesses in a blinded fashion. There was no significant difference in keratin thickness between the inner (mean = 14.67±7.48 µm) and outer (mean = 13.30±8.49 µm) foreskin, or between the inner foreskin and the frenar band (mean = 16.91±12.42 µm). While the frenar band showed the greatest intra-individual heterogeneity in keratin thickness, there was substantial inter-individual variation seen in all regions. Measurements made by the two laboratories showed high correlation (r = 0.741, 95% CI, 0.533–0.864). We conclude that, despite inter- and intra-individual variability, keratin thickness was similar in the inner and outer foreskin of healthy Ugandan men, and that reduced keratin thickness is not likely to make the inner foreskin more susceptible to HIV acquisition.</p> </div

Individual keratin thickness measurements by anatomic foreskin region.

*<p>SD =  standard deviation.</p>**<p><i>p</i>-value based on two-tailed Student’s t-test.</p><p>Bolded <i>p</i>-values indicate significantly thinner inner, outer, or frenar band regions.</p

Data obtained from two independent laboratories.

<p>(A) Mean thicknesses recorded by laboratory 1 (black bars) and laboratory 2 (hatched bars) for 11 donors. (B) Spearman rank correlation of two laboratory measurements. Shorter line  =  correlation coefficient calculated excluding donor sample #13.</p

Demographic and epidemiologic data of male participants.

<p>Demographic and epidemiologic data of male participants.</p

Chemokine Levels in the Penile Coronal Sulcus Correlate with HIV-1 Acquisition and Are Reduced by Male Circumcision in Rakai, Uganda

<div><p>Individual susceptibility to HIV is heterogeneous, but the biological mechanisms explaining differences are incompletely understood. We hypothesized that penile inflammation may increase HIV susceptibility in men by recruiting permissive CD4 T cells, and that male circumcision may decrease HIV susceptibility in part by reducing genital inflammation. We used multi-array technology to measure levels of seven cytokines in coronal sulcus (penile) swabs collected longitudinally from initially uncircumcised men enrolled in a randomized trial of circumcision in Rakai, Uganda. Coronal sulcus cytokine levels were compared between men who acquired HIV and controls who remained seronegative. Cytokines were also compared within men before and after circumcision, and correlated with CD4 T cells subsets in foreskin tissue. HIV acquisition was associated with detectable coronal sulcus Interleukin-8 (IL-8 aOR 2.26, 95%CI 1.04–6.40) and Monokine Induced by γ-interferon (MIG aOR 2.72, 95%CI 1.15–8.06) at the visit prior to seroconversion, and the odds of seroconversion increased with detection of multiple cytokines. Coronal sulcus chemokine levels were not correlated with those in the vagina of a man’s female sex partner. The detection of IL-8 in swabs was significantly reduced 6 months after circumcision (PRR 0.59, 95%CI 0.44–0.87), and continued to decline for at least two years (PRR 0.29, 95%CI 0.16–0.54). Finally, prepuce IL-8 correlated with increased HIV target cell density in foreskin tissues, including highly susceptible CD4 T cells subsets, as well as with tissue neutrophil density. Together, these data suggest that penile inflammation increases HIV susceptibility and is reduced by circumcision.</p></div

Cumulative foreskin keratin thicknesses by region.

<p>(A) Whisker and boxplots of cumulative keratin thicknesses per region: inner foreskin (white), frenar band (light gray), outer foreskin (dark gray). Median  =  middle line, mean  =  ‘+’ symbol, outliers not shown for ease of viewing. (B) Representative tissue from each region stained for filaggrin (red), involucrin (green), and cell nuclei (blue). White scale bars = 50 µm.</p