How Social Capital, Supply Chain Integration, and Customer Loyalty Affect Performance

This study identifies a common variable from supplier to consumer within the firms and supply chains of the Northeastern United States. Social capital appears to be significant from supply chain all the way to the consumer. Retail firms and consumers within the Northeast were chosen as the diversity of cultures and population density were ideal to provide the 405 participant population in this study. The study argues that social capital mediates the relationship between supply chain integration and firm performance within the supply chain. Findings were similar to that of previous works in the manufacturing and service industries; however, the results of this study were unique as they directed the focus of the research instruments on the retail industry

How Social Capital, Supply Chain Integration, and Customer Loyalty Affect Performance

This study identifies a common variable from supplier to consumer within the firms and supply chains of the Northeastern United States. Social capital appears to be significant from supply chain all the way to the consumer. Retail firms and consumers within the Northeast were chosen as the diversity of cultures and population density were ideal to provide the 405 participant population in this study. The study argues that social capital mediates the relationship between supply chain integration and firm performance within the supply chain. Findings were similar to that of previous works in the manufacturing and service industries; however, the results of this study were unique as they directed the focus of the research instruments on the retail industry

An Empirical Study of Japanese and South Korean Exchange Rates Using the Sticky-Price Monetary Theory

Researchers have studied connections between exchange rates and macroeconomic variables for developed and emerging market economies. However, few address whether relationships differ by market classification. This study examines the impact that macroeconomic variables in the sticky-price monetary theory has on exchange rates for Japan and South Korea. Results show money supply and inflation differentials constitute a significant impact for South Korea, whereas no macroeconomic variable within the model had a significant impact on Japan. In addition, the autoregressive error analyses yielded small coefficients for South Korea. Given those estimates and low error variance, the study suggest there may not be a significant difference in how the sticky-price monetary theory predicts exchange rates by market classification. Therefore, firms may use forecasting techniques similarly between developed and emerging market economies

Compensation trends into the 21st century

In this Beyond the Numbers, we review the evolution of private industry health and retirement plans (with a focus on defined contributions and savings and thrift retirement plans) and provide an analysis using recent estimates from the National Compensation Survey (NCS). Where applicable, we refer back to a 1990 article by George Stelluto and Deborah Klein in the Monthly Labor Review in which they discussed historical trends in employee compensation from the 1930s through 1980s and offered information on future expectations for compensation developments

Compensation trends into the 21st century

In this Beyond the Numbers, we review the evolution of private industry health and retirement plans (with a focus on defined contributions and savings and thrift retirement plans) and provide an analysis using recent estimates from the National Compensation Survey (NCS). Where applicable, we refer back to a 1990 article by George Stelluto and Deborah Klein in the Monthly Labor Review in which they discussed historical trends in employee compensation from the 1930s through 1980s and offered information on future expectations for compensation developments

Trends in Employer Costs for Defined Benefit Plans

[Excerpt] Defined benefit pension plans can provide financial security to retirees who receive the monthly benefit payments throughout their retirement. Defined benefit plans are pension plans that provide guaranteed income during retirement, and are often based on a formula that considers years of service and a percentage of a worker’s salary. Employers have traditionally offered defined benefit plans to their employees, but the high costs associated with these plans have caused many employers to switch to alternate retirement plan options. In March 2015, costs for defined benefit plans for private industry employers were approximately 61 cents per employee hour worked, on average. However, when data are averaged only by the employers that offer these plans, the costs are much higher. In this Beyond the Numbers article, we’ll explore how costs fluctuate by industry, occupation, establishment size, and region, and review trends in costs for employees with access to these plans from 2008 to 2015.BLS_BTN_Trends_in_Employer_Costs_for_Defined_Benefit_Plans.pdf: 99 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

Trends in Employer Costs for Defined Benefit Plans

[Excerpt] Defined benefit pension plans can provide financial security to retirees who receive the monthly benefit payments throughout their retirement. Defined benefit plans are pension plans that provide guaranteed income during retirement, and are often based on a formula that considers years of service and a percentage of a worker’s salary. Employers have traditionally offered defined benefit plans to their employees, but the high costs associated with these plans have caused many employers to switch to alternate retirement plan options. In March 2015, costs for defined benefit plans for private industry employers were approximately 61 cents per employee hour worked, on average. However, when data are averaged only by the employers that offer these plans, the costs are much higher. In this Beyond the Numbers article, we’ll explore how costs fluctuate by industry, occupation, establishment size, and region, and review trends in costs for employees with access to these plans from 2008 to 2015.BLS_BTN_Trends_in_Employer_Costs_for_Defined_Benefit_Plans.pdf: 99 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

Econometric modeling of exchange rate determinants by market classification: An empirical analysis of Japan and South Korea using the sticky-price monetary theory

Numerous researchers have studied the connection between exchange rate fluctuations and macroeconomic variables for various market economies. Few studies, however, have addressed whether these relationships may differ based on the market classification of the given economy. This study examined the impact on exchange rates for Japan (a proxy for developed economies) and South Korea (a proxy for emerging economies) yielding from the macroeconomic variables of the sticky-price monetary model between February 1, 1989 and February 1, 2015. The results show that money supply and inflation constituted a significant, but small, influence on South Korean exchange rate movements, whereas no macroeconomic variable within the model had a significant impact on Japanese exchange rates fluctuations. The results of the autoregressive error analyses suggest small variances in the affect that macroeconomic variables may have on developed versus emerging market economies. This may provide evidence that firms may use similar forecasting techniques for emerging market currencies as used with developed market currencies