High-quality permanent draft genome sequence of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain GB30; an effective microsymbiont of Pisum sativum growing in Poland

Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae GB30 is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that can exist as a soil saprophyte or as a legume microsymbiont of Pisum sativum. GB30 was isolated in Poland from a nodule recovered from the roots of Pisum sativum growing at Janow. GB30 is also an effective microsymbiont of the annual forage legumes vetch and pea. Here we describe the features of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae strain GB30, together with sequence and annotation. The 7,468,464 bp high-quality permanent draft genome is arranged in 78 scaffolds of 78 contigs containing 7,227 protein-coding genes and 75 RNA-only encoding genes, and is part of the GEBA-RNB project proposal

High-quality permanent draft genome sequence of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain GB30; an effective microsymbiont of Pisum sativum growing in Poland

Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae GB30 is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that can exist as a soil saprophyte or as a legume microsymbiont of Pisum sativum. GB30 was isolated in Poland from a nodule recovered from the roots of Pisum sativum growing at Janow. GB30 is also an effective microsymbiont of the annual forage legumes vetch and pea. Here we describe the features of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae strain GB30, together with sequence and annotation. The 7,468,464 bp high-quality permanent draft genome is arranged in 78 scaffolds of 78 contigs containing 7,227 protein-coding genes and 75 RNA-only encoding genes, and is part of the GEBA-RNB project proposal

High-quality permanent draft genome sequence of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain GB30; an effective microsymbiont of Pisum sativum growing in Poland

Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae GB30 is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that can exist as a soil saprophyte or as a legume microsymbiont of Pisum sativum. GB30 was isolated in Poland from a nodule recovered from the roots of Pisum sativum growing at Janow. GB30 is also an effective microsymbiont of the annual forage legumes vetch and pea. Here we describe the features of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae strain GB30, together with sequence and annotation. The 7,468,464 bp high-quality permanent draft genome is arranged in 78 scaffolds of 78 contigs containing 7,227 protein-coding genes and 75 RNA-only encoding genes, and is part of the GEBA-RNB project proposal

Influence of quorum sensing signal molecules on biofilm formation in Proteus mirabilis O18

The influence of basis of quorum sensing molecules on Proteus strains is much less known as compared to Pseudomonas or Escherichia. We have previously shown that a series of acylated homoserine lactones (acyl-HSL) does not influence the ureolytic, proteolytic, or hemolytic abilities, and that the swarming motility of Proteus mirabilis rods is strain specific. The aim of the presented study was to find out if the presence of a series of acyl-HSL influences biofilm formation of P. mirabilis laboratory strain belonging to O18 serogroup. This serogroup is characterized by the presence of a unique non-carbohydrate component, namely phosphocholine. Escherichia coli and P. mirabilis O18 strains used in this work contains cloned plasmids encoding fluorescent protein genes with constitutive gene expression. In mixed biofilms in stationary and continuous flow conditions, P. mirabilis O18 overgrow whole culture. P. mirabilis O18 strain has genetically proved a presence of AI–2 quorum sensing system. Differences in biofilm structure were observed depending on the biofilm type and culture methods. From tested acylated homoserine lactones (BHL, HHL, OHL, DHL, dDHL, tDHL), a significant influence had BHL on thickness, structure, and the amount of exopolysaccharides produced by biofilms formed by P. mirabilis O18 pDsRed2

Influence of phosphate and ammonia on the growth, exopolysaccharide production and symbiosis of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. Trifolii TA1 with clover (Trifolium pratense)

The Rhizobium -legume interaction is sensitive to a number of environmental factors, among which phosphate (Pi) and ammonium availability are the most important. We investigated the effect of Pi and ammonia concentration on exopolysaccharide production and symbiosis Trifolium pratense with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii TA1 (RtTA1). The optimal Pi concentration in the bacterial growth medium for RtTA1 growth and exopolysaccharide production was in the range from 0.9 mM to 8.1 mM. Independently of Pi concentration, ammonium (NH 4 Cl) concentration above 8.1 mM in the culture medium significantly decreased EPS production, indicating a regulatory role of this nutrient on the EPS production in the RtTA1 strain. Pi availability has a beneficial effect on both partners of symbiosis. Pi concentration in the plant medium in the range from 1.7 mM to 5 mM was optimal for nodule formation, nodule occupancy and nitrogen fixation ability. Despite of T. pratense cv. Bryza tolerance on high Pi concentration, 20 mM Pi occurs to be nearly phytotoxic, which negatively affects almost all symbiotic parameters. Large amounts of starch were accumulated in the nodules formed by clover grown on medium containing high Pi concentration

Usefulness of Nod preparation (LCOs) use to presowable dressing of pea seeds (Pisum sativum L.)

Przeprowadzone dotychczas badania nad symbiozą roślin bobowatych i rizobiów odkryły podłoże genetyczne tego zjawiska i pozwoliły na zidentyfikowanie licznych metabolitów roślinnych i bakteryjnych zaangażowanych w proces nawiązania symbiozy i rozwój brodawek korzeniowych. Jednym z takich związków są bakteryjne czynniki Nod (LCOs), uznawane za cząstki sygnalne uczestniczące w wymianie informacji pomiędzy bakterią i rośliną, wpływające między innymi na powstawanie brodawek korzeniowych na roślinach bobowatych. Związki te, na drodze od producenta do organizmu docelowego, często podlegają procesom powodującym zmniejszenie ich stężenia, dyfundują lub rozpadają się w roztworze glebowym oraz są degradowane przez mikroorganizmy glebowe. Można zatem przypuszczać, że niedostateczna ich ilość jest przyczyną mało wydajnej symbiozy, co znacznie ogranicza zaopatrzenie roślin w azot i zmniejsza ich plonowanie. W badaniach określano wpływ stosowania czynników Nod na ontogenezę, kształtowanie fizjologicznych wskaźników wzrostu oraz plonowanie dwóch zróżnicowanych morfologicznie odmian grochu siewnego (genotyp o normalnym ulistnieniu i genotyp wąsolistny – afila). Zastosowanie czynników Nod zwiększyło m.in. liczbę i masę brodawek korzeniowych, co w konsekwencji prowadziło do wytwarzania większej masy organów wegetatywnych i generatywnych przez rośliny grochu siewnego.The studies conducted till now on symbiosis of papilionaceous plants and rhizobia discovered the genetic background of this phenomenon and allowed identification of numerous plant and bacteria metabolites involved at process of starting of symbiosis and development of nodules. One of these compounds are bacteria Nod factors (LCOs), recognised as signal particles participating in change of information between a bacteria and a plant, effected among others on nodules formation on papilionaceous plants. These compounds are often submitted to processes which cause decrease of their concentration on the road from producer to destined organism, diffuse or break-up in the soil solution and are degraded by soil microorganisms. It may be assumed that their insufficient amount is a cause of low efficient symbiosis, what considerably limits plant supply with nitrogen and decreases their yielding. In this studies it was evaluated an effect of Nod factors use on ontogenesis, forming of physiological growth indexes and yielding of two morphological differentiated pea varieties (genotype with normal foliage and narrow leaved genotype - afila type). Using of Nod factors increased among others number and weight of nodules, what in a consequence led to production of greater mass of vegetative and generative organs by pea plants

Poszukiwanie ekologicznych metod zwiększenia wydajności symbiotycznego wiązania azotu przez groch siewny (Pisum sativum L.)

Conducted till now studies on symbiosis of papilionaceous plants and rhizobia discovered the genetic background of this phenomenon and allowed to identify numerous plant and bacteria metabolites involved in the process of starting of symbiosis and development of nodules. One of this compounds are flavonoids, recognised as signal particles participating in information exchange between a bacteria and a plant, affecting among others nodules formation on papilionaceous plants. These compounds are often submitted to processes which decrease their concentration on the way from a producer to a destined organism, they diffuse or break-up in the soil solution and are degraded by soil microorganisms. It can be then assumed that their insufficient amount is a cause of low efficient symbiosis, what considerably limits plant supply with nitrogen and decreases their yielding. An effect of use of flavonoid extract obtained from germinating seeds on ontogenesis, forming of physiological growth indexes and yielding of pea was evaluated in these studies. Application of a flavonoid preparation increased, among others, the number and weight of nodules and activity of nitrogenase, what in a consequence led to production of greater mass of vegetative and generative organs by pea plants.Prowadzone dotychczas badania nad symbiozą roślin motylkowatych i rizobiów odkryły podłoże genetyczne tego zjawiska i pozwoliły na zidentyfikowanie licznych metabolitów roślinnych i bakteryjnych zaangażowanych w proces nawiązania symbiozy i rozwój brodawek korzeniowych. Jednym z takich związków sa flawonoidy, uznawane za cząstki sygnalne uczestniczące w wymianie informacji pomiędzy bakterią i rośliną, wpływające między innymi na powstawanie brodawek korzeniowych na roślinach motylkowatych. Związki te często podlegają procesom powodującym zmniejszenie ich stężenia na drodze od producenta do organizmu docelowego, dyfundują lub rozpadają się w roztworze glebowym oraz są degradowane przez mikroorganizmy glebowe. Można zatem przypuszczać, że niedostateczna ich ilość jest przyczyną mało wydajnej symbiozy, co znacznie ogranicza zaopatrzenie roślin w azot i zmniejsza ich plonowanie. W badaniach określano wpływ stosowania wyciągu flawonoidowego z kiełkujących nasion na ontogenezę, kształtowanie fizjologicznych wskaźników wzrostu oraz plonowanie grochu siewnego. Zastosowanie preparatu flawonoidowego zwiększyło między innymi liczbę i masę brodawek korzeniowych oraz aktywność nitrogenazy, co w konsekwencji prowadziło do wytwarzania większej masy organów wegetatywnych i generatywnych przez rośliny grochu siewnego

Nod factors improve the nitrogen content and rhizobial diversity of faba bean and alter soil dehydrogenase, protease, and acid phosphomonoesterase activities

Nod factors produced by rhizobia are one of the most important signals involved in symbiotic associations involving legumes. A field trial was performed to assess the symbiotic activity, rhizosphere biological parameters, and plant biomass of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) treated with Nod factors. The soil was a Haplic Luvisol derived from loess. The faba bean seeds (cv. Granit) were soaked with an Nod factors solution (260 nM) or water (control) and sown. At the flowering stage, the genetic diversity of rhizobia (based on PCR-RFLP profiles and the sequencing of the 16-23S rDNA and nodD gene), nitrogenase activity (acetylene reduction assay), and nodule biomass were evaluated. Nitrogen yield and plant biomass were determined at the flowering and maturity stages. Rhizosphere soil was examined during plant growth in relation to the activities of dehydrogenase, protease, urease, and acid phosphomonoesterase. The results indicated that the application of the Nod factors improved nitrogenase activity (by 74-80%, depending on the parameter analysed) and increased the genetic diversity of rhizobia inhabiting root nodules, plant nitrogen content (by 16.8%, at maturity), and seed protein yield (by 14.6%). The rhizobial population became more heterogeneous under the influence of the Nod factors than it was for the control (12 and 7 specific genotypes, respectively). At the flowering stage, Nod factors enhanced dehydrogenase, protease, and acid phosphomonoesterase activities by 46, 36 and 9%, respectively. The results revealed the positive effect of Nod factors at reducing water deficiency effects during a growing season with a short-term rainfall deficit