Uji Aktivitas Penangkapan Radikal Dpph Ekstrak Produk Teh Hitam (Camellia Sinensis (L.) O.k.) Dan Gambir (Uncaria Gambir (Hunter) Roxb) Serta Profil Klt-densitometernya

The purpose of this research was to compare the DPPH scavenging activity of black tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) OK) and gambier (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb) product extract and to determine their TLC-densitometer profile. This research was conducted in two stages, first stage was to examine the DPPH scavenging activity of black tea and gambier product extract. This assay used some concentrations of black tea product extract, gambier product extract, and standard vitamin C (10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 200, and 320 µg/mL). The second stage was to determine the extracts profile by TLC-densitometer. The result of this research showed that the DPPH scavenging activity of gambier product extract was greater (IC50 = 88,57±0,64 µg/mL) than black tea product extract (IC50 = 311,54±2,79 µg/mL). The result of profile determination of black tea product extract at a mobile phase of MeOH:toluene (50:50) showed that no spot was supposed a volatile oil group; at mobile phase of ethyl acetate:formic acid:acetic acid:H2O (100:11:11:26) showed two spots that was supposed a flavonoid group, spot with Rf 0,41 (?max 365 nm) and spot with Rf 0,97 (?max 280 nm); at mobile phase of CHCl3:MeOH (90:10) showed that spot with Rf 0,87 (?max 275 nm) was supposed an alkaloid group; at mobile phase of acetic acid:diethyl ether:n-hexane:ethyl acetate (20:20:20:40) showed that spot with Rf 0,62 (?max 290 nm) was supposed a tannin group. While the result of profile determination of gambier product extract at mobile phase of ethyl acetate:formic acid:acetic acid:H2O (100:11:11:26) showed two spots that was supposed a flavonoid group, spot with Rf 0,81 (?max 280 nm) and spot with Rf 0,92 (?max 280 nm); at mobile phase of acetic acid:diethyl ether:n-hexane:ethyl acetate (20:20:20:40) showed that spot with Rf 0,42 (?max 285 nm) was supposed a tannin group

Studi Pengaruh Bahan Tambahan pada Pola Puncak Kromatogram Tablet Parasetamol dengan Tlc-spektrofotodensitometri untuk Drug Profiling

The study of chromatogram peak pattern by influence of excipient in paracetamol tablet with TLC- Spectrophotodensitometry method for drug profiling has been done. Sample (6 kind of paracetamol tabletsfrom different factory) and reference compounds were analyzed with TB (cyclohexane : toluene:diethylamine = 75:15:10) and TAEA (toluene : acetone : ethanol: ammonia = 45:45:7:3) as mobile phase andAl-TLC Si 60 G F254 as stationary phase.The initial step was non analyte peak reduction on Al-TLC plate with washing method, drying time and temperature variation. Sample was extracted with 1 ml chloroform and Na2CO3 buffer pH 10 and spotted onAL-TLC plate. First, sample extract from same factory was spotted on one plate, continued by sample extractfrom 6 different factories on one plate which is replicated five fold on each plate that different. Plate was eluted and scanned at 210 nm. Chromatogram was analyzed by cosine and cluster function. C95 value thatwas calculated from sample was used as a parameter to determine the influence of excipient towardchromatogram peak pattern.The result of this research showed that each tablet from same factory gave C95 value near 100 if calculated with cosine function (96 - 98,7 for TB and 78 - 83 for TAEA), whereas if all tablets from 6different factories was used, the excipient from each tablet will give C95 value alteration (63 for TB and 68 for TAEA). Cluster analysis will divide sample into 3 different groups for TB and 1 group for TAEA

Derivatisasi Morfin Menggunakan Dansil Klorida untuk Meningkatkan Kepekaan Deteksi Morfin pada Metode Klt- Spektrofotodensitometer

Fluorescence detection could be used for enhance the sensitivity of morphine detection by TLC-Spectrophotodensytometry. Morfin is a compound that fluoresces intrinsically incapable. ence, morphine was derivatized using dansyl chloride. Morphine was derivatized by two methods, derivatization in solution and overspotting method. The derivatization reaction was kept at pH 9 and 450 C for 20 minute. The ratio between dansyl chloride and analyte concentration was 6:1. The derivatization result was separated from the interference using TLC. The TLC method was using Al-TLC silica G60 plate as a stationary phase and etyl acetate : methanol : amonia (85:10:5) as the mobile phase. The dansyl derivative was detected at ?eks 365 nm and K540 filter for fluoresence. Derivatization of morphine-dansyl chloride capable to enhancing the sensitivity of morphine detection using TLC-Spectrophotodensytometry. Derivatization in solution and overspotting method took the same time in procedure but they gave different sensitivity. Derivatization in solution method gave more quantity than derivatization of overspotting

Studi Pendahuluan Derivatisasi Beberapa Senyawa dengan Gugus Amin Menggunakan Dansil Klorida pada Klt-spektrofotodensitometer

Advance derivatization study of several amines with dansyl chloride has been carried out. The aim of this study was to determine influence of molecul structures compound toward dansylation. Derivatization was done by reacting 4000 ng drugs which contain primary or secondary amine group with 100 ng dansyl chloride at a temperature 450 C and pH 9 for a hour. Interference was separated using stationary phase silica G60 and mobile phase etyl acetat : methanol : ammonia (85:10:5), detection on spectrophotodensytometer ?eks 312 nm mode fluorescence with filter K400. Compounds that have a primary or secondary amine groups can be derivatized using dansyl chloride though that most affects of the reaction is rigidity of molecul structure. Differences fluorescence intensity between each derivatives influenced by the reactivity amine groups and steric hindrance of the compound

Uji Identifikasi Ibuprofen pada Obat Herbal dengan Klt-spektrofotodensitometri

Belakangan ini, terjadi peningkatan tren penggunaan obat herbal di masyarakat. Melihat kecenderungan tersebut, beberapa pihak yang tidak bertanggungjawab memanfaatkannya sebagai peluang untuk meraih keuntungan yaitu dengan menambahkan bahan kimia obat (BKO) ke dalam produk obat herbal untuk meningkatkan efek obat tersebut. Ibuprofen adalah salah satu BKO yang sering ditambahkan secara illegal ke dalam obat herbal. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan uji identifikasi ibuprofen pada obat herbal untuk mengontrol kualitas obat herbal dan menjamin perlindungan konsumen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan metode KLT-Spektrofotodensitometri untuk identifikasi senyawa ibuprofen pada obat herbal. Ekstraksi sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan kolom SPE C8-Cation Exchange dan fraksinya dipisahkan menggunakan 2 sistem KLT yang berbeda yaitu sistem TE dan TF. Kemudian, plat KLT dipindai pada panjang gelombang 210 nm menggunakan TLC Scanner 3 (Camag-Mutenz-Switzerland) untuk dibuat kromatogramnya. Spektrum masing-masing puncak dibaca pada rentang panjang gelombang 190 – 400 nm. Identifikasi senyawa dilakukan berdasarkan nilai hRfc dan korelasi spektrum in situ-nya dengan spektrum standar pada library Camag WinCats. Hasil uji identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa fraksi yang didapatkan mengandung ibuprofen. Validasi metode mencakup spesifisitas dengan kemurnian spektrum puncak > 0,99958, presisi (hRf dan Area Under Curve (AUC)) dengan koefisien variansi (KV) < 2%, linearitas dengan r > 0,99907 dan sdv < 5%, serta Limit of Detection (LOD) 21,22ng

Pengaruh Variasi Kepolaran Fase Gerak Aseton-diklorometana: Metanol-asam Asetat terhadap % Distribusi (+)-Katekin dari Gambir dengan Metode Kromatografi Cair Vakum

The research was conducted to determine the influence of mobile phase polarity of acetone-dichloromethana : methanol-acetic acid on the percent distribution of (+)-catechin from gambier by vacuum liquid chromatography and to determine the polarity mobile phase required to obtain the largest amount of (+)-catechin percent distribution. Gambier extract was fractionated using vacuum liquid chromatography with several variations of polarity of acetone-dichloromethane : methanol-acetic acid mobile phase expressed by the dielectric constant value (?) of 13.74 to 17.51. Fractions were analyzed by TLC-spectrophotodensitometer to calculate the concentration and the percent distribution of (+)-catechin. To know the effect of variations in mobile phase polarity on the percent distribution of (+)-catechin performed statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA test (? = 0.05). The results show that the variation of polarity of acetone-dichloromethane : methanol-acetic acid mobile phase (? = 13.74 to 17.51) had a significant influence on percent distribution of (+)-catechin from gambier by vacuum liquid chromatography method (p <0.05). Fraction with a mobile phase of acetone-dichloromethane (4:6) 50% : methanol-acetic acid (3:4) 50%, which had a value of dielectric constant of 15.62 yield the largest amount of (+)-catechin percent distribution value (45.40%)

Pengembangan Metode Hptlc-spektrofotodensitometri Untuk Pemisahan Senyawa Rifampisin, Isoniazid, Pirazinamida, Dan Etambutol

A simple chromatography saparation method for rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol by using an impregnated TLC plate with paraffin has been studied. The aim of this study was to develop as simultan separation method of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. TLC silica gel GF254 was impregnated with paraffin in diethyl ether 10% (v/v). Plate was actived on 110°C, 30 minutes. Some variation of mobile phase was used based on a mixture of ethanol and water. The best chromatographic parameters resulting in use a mixture of ethanol:water (95:5 v/v) were added 5% of glacial acetic acid and 1% of diethylamine as mobile phase. Ethambutol can was derivatized by iodine vapor, but it not detected at a TLC-spektrofotodensitometer, so for a validation only rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide. This mobile phase gave good separation with Rs>1 and α>1. The chromatography plates were scanned at 335 nm for rifampicin and at 275 nm for isoniazid and pyrazinamide using a TLC-spektrofotodensitometer. Method validation was includes determining the specificity, LOD, and precision of the method. The method was developed in this study had good validation. Specificity of method was determined by purity factor value, on this method was obtained of purity factor (r(s,m) dan r(m,e))<0,99. The results of this study indicate good precision by intraday and interday assay (RSD<20%) of the method validation. LOD for rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide was 15,339 ng, 29,719 ng, and 26,892 ng respectively. The method was developed can be used as a reference for separation of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol in biologis or drug samples

Ekstraksi Likopen Dari Limbah Buah Tomat (Solanum Lycopersicum L.)

Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) merupakan salah satu buah yang identik dengan warna merah menyala. Warna merah tersebut disebabkan oleh adanya pigmen merah karotenoid. Karotenoid yang paling berlimpah dalam buah tomat adalah likopen sebesar 60-64%. Likopen memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dibandingkan karotenoid lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) periode 2010-2014 menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi rata-rata buah tomat di Indonesia lebih kecil bila dibandingkan dengan ketersediaan buah tomat dari Necara Bahan Makanan (NBM). Produksi buah tomat yang berlebih dan tidak dimanfaatkan secara efektif seringkali dapat menimbulkan masalah bagi lingkungan karena buah tomat yang membusuk dan akhirnya menjadi limbah. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan ekstraksi likopen dari limbah buah tomat dengan metode ekstraksi cair-cair untuk mengetahui jumlah kadar total likopen dari limbah buah tomat. Limbah buah tomat yang digunakan adalah buah tomat yang telah mengalami penyimpanan selama 6 sampai 10 hari. Metode ekstraksi cair-cair dilakukan dengan menggunakan pelarut n-heksan:aseton:etanol 96% (50:25:25 v/v/v) dengan perbandingan ekstrak:pelarut (1:1). Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis dilakukan dalam pengukuran kadar total likopen pada panjang gelombang maksimum 445, 472 dan 503nm menggunakan ?503 sebesar 1.585 x 105 M-1cm-1. Kadar total likopen yang diperoleh dari limbah buah tomat sebesar 0,00042% b/b atau sekitar 0,42 mg/100 gram dengan KV sebesar 6,88%

Uji Aktivitas Chelating Logam Ion Besi Minuman Gambir Kombucha Lokal Bali secara In Vitro yang Berpotensi untuk Pengobatan Alzheimer

Alzheimer adalah penyakit progresif dan neurodegeneratif fatal yang secara klinik ditandai dengan adanya penurunan kemampuan kognitif dan daya ingat. Salah satu terapi yang disarankan untuk penyakit ini adalah penggunaan kombinasi antioksidan dan chelating logam ion besi. Minuman gambir kombucha lokal Bali telah terbukti memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Namun kemampuan chelating logam ion besi dari minuman tersebut belum dibuktikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas chelating logam ion besi dari minuman gambir kombucha lokal Bali menggunakan metode Ferrous Ion Chelating (FIC) dan aktivitasnya dibandingkan dengan standar (+)-katekin dan larutan produk gambir. Metode FIC mengukur kemampuan suatu senyawa untuk bersaing dengan ferrozine dalam mengkelat logam ion besi. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa minuman gambir kombucha lokal Bali memiliki aktivitas chelating logam ion besi (IC50 37, 85 mg/mL) lebih lemah dibandingkan larutan produk gambir (IC50 7,76 mg/mL) dan standar (+)-katekin (IC50 3,35 mg/mL) (p<0,05)

Pengembangan Metode Identifikasi Indometasin dengan Klt-spektrofotodensitometri

Indometasin adalah obat yang memiliki efek sebagai antiinflamasi. Berdasarkan efek tersebut, indometasin sering ditambahkan secara ilegal ke dalam produk obat herbal yang memiliki khasiat untuk menghilangkan pegal linu atau rematik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan suatu metode KLT-Spektrofotodensitometri yang digunakan untuk uji identifikasi dan menentukan validasinya yang meliputi linearitas, batas deteksi, spesifisitas, dan presisi. Sampel diesktraksi menggunakan metode SPE C8-Cation Exchange dan kemudian dipisahkan dengan dua sistem KLT yang berbeda yaitu sistem TF dan TE. Kromatogram dan spektrum dari masing-masing noda senyawa dibuat pada panjang gelombang 210 nm dan 190-400 nm dengan menggunakan TLC Scanner 3 (Camag-Mutenz-Switzerland). Senyawa diidentifikasi berdasarkan nilai hRfc dan spektrum in situ. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dari uji identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa fraksi SPE mengandung indometasin. Nilai dari validasi metode yang dilakukan telah valid untuk linearitas dengan r > 0,999, batas deteksi untuk kedua sistem adalah 3,698 ng, spesifisitas metode dengan nilai korelasi spektrum > 0,90 untuk indometasin, dan presisi untuk hRf dan AUC menghasilkan KV < 2%