No association between the vitamin D pathway gene polymorphisms and bone biomarkers response to calcium and low dose calcitriol supplementation in postmenopausal Chinese women: a one-year prospective study

<p><b>Introduction:</b> The aim of the study was to explore the association between the vitamin D pathway gene variations and the bone biomarkers response to calcium and low dose calcitriol supplementation in postmenopausal Chinese women.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> A total of 110 healthy postmenopausal Chinese women (61.51 ± 6.93 years) were enrolled. The participants were supplemented with calcium (600 mg/d) and calcitriol (0.25 μg/d), for 1 year. Four biomarkers, serum levels of beta C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen (β-CTX), amino-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] were measured at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Multivariate regression models were established to explore the statistical association between the change rate of the four biomarkers and 15 key genes within the vitamin D metabolic pathway.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> This exclusion process left 98 participants for analysis. Serum levels of P1NP, β-CTX and PTH were significantly decreased at the 12-month follow-up (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). Serum 25(OH)D level had no significant change (<i>p</i> > 0.05). No association was found between the vitamin D pathway gene polymorphisms and bone biomarkers response to calcium and low dose calcitriol supplementation.</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Genetic background of postmenopausal Chinese women might not influence supplemental response of the biomarkers to calcium and low dose calcitriol.</p

Six cation-templated halometal complexes and C–H activation of alkylene-bridged azoles

<div><p>Six dication-templated complexes were discovered in efforts to investigate the effect of linear imidazolium-based template, 1,<i>ω</i>-bis(3,3′-methylimidazolium)alkyl dibromide, on pure inorganic halometal clusters. Complexes {[C₄(Mim)₂](Pb₂I₆)}_<i>n</i> (<b>1</b>) (<i>ω</i> = 4), {[C₁(Mim)₂] (Ag₂I₄)}_<i>n</i> (<b>2</b>) (<i>ω</i> = 1), {[C₃(Mim)₂](Ag₂I₄)}_<i>n</i> (<b>3</b>) (<i>ω</i> = 3), and {[C₄(Mim)₂](Ag₂I₄)}_<i>n</i> (<b>4</b>) (<i>ω</i> = 4) possess 1-D chain architecture with different organic cations trapped in it. Compound {[C₃′(Mim)₂](CuBr₃)} (<b>5</b>) (<i>ω</i> = 3) contains the mononuclear anion (CuBr₃)²⁻ and intra-molecular coupled organic cation with the formed seven-membered ring. {[C₂(Mim)₂S₂]₂(Cu₂I₂)}_<i>n</i> (<b>6</b>) (<i>ω</i> = 2) presents an infinite 2-D coordination polymer as the first representative polyrotaxane example featuring the biimidazolium thiolate cation ligand. All compounds were further characterized with IR spectra and thermal analysis properties.</p></div