34 research outputs found
Centralisering och datorisering av kontrollrumsfunktionerna vid en massafabrik: en fallstudie
A Reliability Study in a Cohort of 207 Apparently Healthy Participants
The reliability of single time point measurements of the novel adipokines
retinol-binding protein 4 and omentin-1 in the blood has not been evaluated in
large samples yet. The present study aimed to assess the amount of biological
variation of these two adipokines within individuals. The study sample
comprised 207 participants (124 women and 83 men) from Potsdam (Germany) and
surrounding areas, with an average age of 56.5 years (SD 4.2). Blood samples
were collected from each participant twice, approximately four months apart.
Using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, the concentrations of retinol-
binding protein 4 and omentin-1 were determined in EDTA plasma. As indicators
of reliability, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated
from the repeated biomarker measurements. The ICCs for repeated retinol-
binding protein 4 and omentin-1 measurements were 0.77 (95% CI 0.71, 0.82) and
0.83 (95% CI 0.78, 0.87), respectively, indicating for both adipokines
excellent reliability. ICCs were stable across strata according to sex, age,
BMI, and blood pressure. Thus, for epidemiological studies it seems reasonable
to rely on concentrations of retinol-binding protein 4 and omentin-1 in
samples from a single time point if repeated measurements are not available
Retinol and Retinol Binding Protein 4 Levels and Cardiometabolic Disease Risk
Background: Despite mechanistic studies linking retinol and RBP4 (retinol binding protein 4) to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), epidemiological evidence is still conflicting. We investigated whether conflicting results of previous studies may be explained by differences in the association of retinol and RBP4 with cardiometabolic risk across subgroups with distinct sex, hypertension state, liver, or kidney function. Methods: We used case-cohorts nested in the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition)-Potsdam cohort (N=27 548) comprising a random sample of participants (n=2500) and all physician-verified cases of incident CVD (n=508, median follow-up time 8.2 years) and T2D (n=820, median follow-up time 6.3 years). We estimated nonlinear and linear multivariable-adjusted associations between the biomarkers and cardiometabolic diseases by restricted cubic splines and Cox regression, respectively, testing potential interactions with hypertension, liver, and kidney function. Additionally, we performed 2-sample Mendelian Randomization analyses in publicly available data. Results: The association of retinol with cardiometabolic risk was modified by hypertension state (P interaction CVDP interaction T2D<0.001). Retinol was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk in participants with treated hypertension (hazard ratio(per SD) [95% CI]: CVD, 0.71 [0.56-0.90]; T2D, 0.81 [0.70-0.94]) but with higher cardiometabolic risk in normotensive participants (CVD, 1.32 [1.06-1.64]; T2D, 1.15 [0.98-1.36]). Our analyses also indicated a significant interaction between RBP4 and hypertension on CVD risk (P interaction=0.04). Regarding T2D risk, we observed a u-shaped association with RBP4 in women (P nonlinearity=0.01, P effect=0.02) and no statistically significant association in men. The biomarkers\u27 interactions with liver or kidney function were not statistically significant. Hypertension state-specific associations for retinol concentrations with cardiovascular mortality risk were replicated in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a hypertension-dependent relationship between plasma retinol and cardiometabolic risk and complex interactions of RBP4 with sex and hypertension on cardiometabolic risk
Mitogen-activated protein kinases and NFÎşB are involved in SP-A-enhanced responses of macrophages to mycobacteria
Task Analysis, Subjective Workload and Experienced Frequencies of Incidents in an Airport Control Tower
Air Traffic Controllers and Incidents: An Explorative Interview Study
An explorative interview study was performed with 21 air traffic controllers having experienced air traffic control incidents (loss of separation between aircraft). The results of the interview study identified the following main factors contributing to the occurrence of incidents: 1) memory malfunctions; 2) concentration problems; 3) distractions; 4) inadequate expectations; 5) deficient phraseology. The results agree with the results from an analysis of incident investigation reports