Temperature effects on growth, colony development and carbon partitioning in three <i>Phaeocystis</i> species

Phaeocystis is an ecologically important marine phytoplankton genus that is globally distributed. We examined the effects of temperature on the 3 most common species: P. globosa, P. antarctica, and P. pouchetii, which grew at 16-32, 0-6, and 4-8 ° C, respectively. P. pouchetii did not form colonies; P. globosa formed colonies at 16, 20, and 24 ° C, and P. antarctica colonies were observed at all temperatures. More cells were partitioned into the colonial form at lower temperatures than at higher temperatures for P. globosa and P. antarctica. P. globosa colony size decreased with temperature, whereas P. antarctica colony size showed no distinct response to temperature. Numbers of cells per unit of colony surface area of P. globosa and P. antarctica were lowest at temperatures where highest growth rates and colonial abundances were observed; more organic carbon was partitioned into solitary cell biomass at higher temperatures, whereas the carbon concentration of colonies was not affected by temperature. Maximum quantum yield of P. antarctica and P. globosa exhibited subtle responses to temperature, whereas that of P. pouchetii was relatively invariant within the growth temperature range. Future changes in sea surface temperature may dramatically alter the ecology and biogeochemical cycles of systems dominated by Phaeocystis spp. and result in further degradation, via oxygen depletion and altered food web structure

Flow behaviors driven by a rotating spiral permanent magnetic field

International audienceA rotating spiral magnetic field, constructed by a series of permanent magnets, is presented in this study, which is used to drive liquid metal flow. The rotation of such magnetic stirrer can then exert spatial- and tempo- electromagnetic force and drive three dimensional turbulent flow within the liquid metal bulk. Its velocity field was measured via the ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry. Two typical toroidal vortices flow patterns: the secondary flow and the globally axial flow in the meridian plane have been validated, which depends on the several structural and operating parameters, i.e., radius of the liquid metal bulk. The critical transition conditions between these two flow patterns have been discussed according to the experimental results

The Application of Cryogens in Liquid Fluid Energy Storage Systems

AbstractThis article describes the application of cryogens in liquid fluid energy storage systems and compares liquid fluid energy storage systems with conventional compressed air energy storage systems. The study focuses on the thermodynamic characteristics of different cryogens used in liquid fluid energy storage systems. It is found that liquid fluid energy storage systems have competitive factors like high energy density and no geographical limitation. A comparative analysis is conducted to present the advantages and disadvantages of different cryogens. The results show that liquid fluid energy storage systems have a promising future in large scale energy storage

Layered hybrid phase Li2NaV2(PO4)3/carbon dot nanocomposite cathodes for Li+/Na+ mixed-ion batteries

Hybrid phase Li2NaV2(PO4)3 (H-LNVP) is one of the most promising cathode materials for Li+/Na+ mixed-ion batteries.</p

Effect of anaerobic fermentation residues on a chromium-contaminated soil-vegetable system

AbstractWastewater irrigation and the deposit of chromium residues during the course of chromate production had caused serious chromium pollution in farmland. The aim of this study was to use anaerobic fermentation residues to treat with a chromium-contaminated soil-vegetable system. Pot experiment with Chinese cabbage, indoor cultivation experiment and soil adsorption experiments were conducted in this study. The results indicated that both yields and residual chromium in Chinese cabbages with the treatment of anaerobic fermentation residues were generally better than that with the treatment of chemical fertilizer. At the second experiment, compared with raw soil, mineralized potential and mineralized rate of nitrogen increased 29.2% and 15.4% respectively after adding anaerobic fermentation residues. Experimental results were fitted to Langmuir equation, Freundlich equation and Temkin equation, Langmuir equation was found to be the best to describe the adsorption of phosphor, and Temkin equation was the fittest for describing the adsorption of potassium. The supply of nitrogen, phosphor and potassium from soil were enhanced in varying degree (nitrogen > phosphor >potassium). Thus anaerobic fermentation residues may be considered as a widespread, effective and safe strategy for deal with chromium-contaminated soil-vegetable system in future

3D porous Li3V2(PO4)3/hard carbon composites for improving the rate performance of lithium ion batteries

A 3D porous Li3V2(PO4)3/hard carbon composite delivers a capacity of 98 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles at 10C.</p

Study on the effect of biogas project on the development of lowcarbon circular economy -A case study of Beilangzhong eco-village

AbstractWith Beilangzhong eco-village as an example, the effects of the biogas project on the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and its economic effects are analyzed. The results show that 1833.45t GHG (CO2 equivalent) was reduced, and an income of 1,117,000 Yuan (RMB), a net income of 958,500 Yuan (RMB), was gained by biogas sales, alternative energy, comprehensive utilization of anaerobic fermentation residues and the reduction of GHG emission, so the biogas project can greatly promote the establishment of low-carbon circular economy mode and sustainable development of ecological agriculture in Beilangzhong eco-village

Comparative Study on Magnetic Properties and Microstructure of As-prepared and Alternating Current Joule Annealed Wires

AbstractX-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), magnetic measurement including impedance measurement were used for investigating the microstructure and magnetic properties of as-prepared and alternating current Joule annealed (ACJA) Co-rich amorphous microwires for potential sensor applications. Experimental results indicated that as-cast and ACJA wires both were amorphous characteristic, while ACJA wire has an enhanced local ordering degree of atom arrangement. There was a transform of magnetic properties after ACJA treatment, namely increasing coercivity, maximum magnetic permeability and saturation magnetization, resulting from the coactions of magnetic anisotropy and magnetic moment exchange coupling. Moreover, ACJA treatment can drastically improve the GMI property of melt-extracted wires. At 5MHz, the maximum GMI ratio [ΔZ/Z0]max of ACJA wire increases to 205.93%, which is nearly 4.1 times of 50.62% for as-cast wire, and the field response sensitivity ξmax of ACJA wire increases to 463.70%/Oe by more than 2 times of 212.15%/Oe for as-cast wire. From sensor application perspective, the sensor applied frequency range (SAFR) of ACJA wire is 3MHz-7MHz (the better working frequency is at 5MHz). It can therefore be concluded that the ACJA wire (60mA, 480s, 50Hz) has better GMI and magnetic properties, is more suitable for potential magnetic sensor applications working at low-frequency and relatively high-working-magnetic field